- •Table of Contents
- •Also by James Randi The Truth About Uri Geller Houdini: His Life and Art (with Bert Sugar) Flim-Flaml Test Your esp Potential
- •Inquiries should be addressed to Prometheus Books, 59 John Glenn Drive, Amherst, New York 14228-2197, 716-691-0133, ext. 207. Fax: 716-564-2711. Www.Prometheusbooks.Com
- •1. Spiritual healing—Controversial literature. 2. Healers—Controversial literature. I. Title.
- •Isbn 0-87975-369-2
- •Foreword by Carl Sagan
- •Acknowledgments
- •Introduction
- •The Origins of Faith-Healing
- •A Plethora of Religious Flotsam
- •The Royal Touch
- •Valentine Greatraks, the “Stroker.”
- •The Most Famous Christian Shrine
- •Virgins Galore
- •The Afflicted Visionary
- •There Is a Baby in the Bath Water
- •The Problems of Examining Claims
- •A Remarkable Case from Lourdes
- •The Search for Evidence on Micheli
- •The Latest Official “Miracle”
- •Faith-Healing in Modern Times
- •The Pattern Is Established
- •A Similarity to Witchcraft
- •An Orthodox Service
- •It’s Magic
- •Sacred Babble
- •A Minor Test
- •The Most Important Ingredient
- •A Trick with Biblical Roots
- •The “Gift of Knowledge”
- •A Smooth Act
- •The Family Bible Tells All
- •A Disclaimer
- •The Art of Mnemonics
- •All Sorts of Trickery
- •The Church View
- •More Orthodox Views
- •How Do Their Associates Feel About the Faith-Healers?
- •Caution: Demons at Work
- •Send in the Demons
- •The Roman Catholic Bestiary
- •Christianity and Voodoo: Are They That Different?
- •An Early Skeptic
- •Anointing by the Anointed
- •A Lutheran Point of View
- •The Financial Aspects
- •God as Terrorist
- •Saved from the Unthinkable
- •Gold Bars and Cut Diamonds
- •A Very Private Matter
- •The Mail Operation
- •Living High on the Hog
- •Religion, Texas-style
- •Revelations of a Decorator
- •More Real Estate
- •High Living in Texas, Too
- •A Bold Admission
- •The Mail Operations of Faith-Healers
- •I Have a Little List
- •The Biggest Little Mail Room in California
- •The Eagle’s Nest Mail Room
- •The Tulsa Postman’s Burden
- •Copying a Good Idea
- •Faulty Computer Programming
- •A. A. Allen and Miracle Valley
- •A Disclaimer—Just in Case
- •A Colorful Start
- •A Tough Customer
- •The Evidence for Healing
- •The Dream Ends
- •The King Is Dead
- •A Fortuitous Encounter
- •Trouble in Paradise and a Touching Defense
- •Suspicious Signs and Wonders
- •A Man with a Lot of Enemies
- •The Preacher in Prison
- •Enter a New Character, the Reverend Peter Popoff
- •Caught in the Act
- •Back in the Saddle Again
- •A Simple Act to Follow
- •W. V. Grant and the Eagle’s Nest
- •The Big Operator from Big d
- •Diversity of Operations
- •The Elusive Truth
- •Miracle Time
- •How Blind Is “Blind”?
- •A Careful Observer
- •The Wheelchair Trick
- •A Theologian’s Opinion
- •Behind the Scenes
- •Does Grant Ever Heal Anyone?
- •An Unhappy Customer
- •The Pretending Game
- •Not Blind Enough to Be Deceived
- •The Media Attitude
- •A Devastating Exposé in Rochester
- •An Odd Coincidence
- •The Story Starts Falling Apart
- •The Haitian Orphanages
- •W. V. Grant Replies to wokr-tv
- •A Brother in Trouble
- •Another Well-Informed Reporter
- •The Trash Detail
- •A Sad Record of Problems with No Solutions
- •The Written Evidence
- •The “Leg-Stretching” Miracle
- •Celebrities at His Feet
- •A Disillusioned Employee
- •A Brooklyn Encounter with Grant
- •The Interior Decorator Tells All
- •Peter Popoff and His Wonderful Machine
- •A Rellglous Entrepreneur
- •A Major Exposure
- •The Leaflet Campaign
- •Revelations
- •Sophisticated Technology at Work
- •An Intended Deception
- •Case for the Defense
- •A Valuable Colleague
- •The Electronic Evidence
- •A Different Brand of People
- •They’ll Believe Anything
- •The Popoff Camp Answers by Mail
- •Backs to the Wall
- •An Unhappy Toiler in the Vineyard
- •And Then There’s the Other Sherrill Family
- •An Important Character
- •One Broken Promise Too Many
- •Electronics to the Rescue
- •The “Russian Bibles” Vandalism Scam
- •The Plot Thickens
- •The Vandals Strike
- •The Appeal to Repair the Devil’s Work
- •The Smoking Videotape
- •Selling the Snake Oil
- •The Damning Evidence of Popoff’s Personal Involvement
- •The Mail Campaign
- •No Refunds in the Religion Business
- •A Plea from a Colleague
- •A Similar Case in Chicago
- •Expert Advice Is Sought—and Ignored
- •High-Powered Mail
- •Oral Roberts and the City of Faith
- •A Losing Proposition
- •Divine Financial Advice
- •Get Thee Behind Me, Poverty
- •The Canvas Cathedral
- •Economy-Size Miracles
- •The Midas Touch
- •A Few Paradoxes and Second Thoughts
- •The Ultimate Presumption
- •A Word of Knowledge from Pat Robertson
- •The Political Power of the Evangelists
- •Other Wonders, Too
- •A Sour Note from a Colleague
- •A Redefinition
- •The tv Special to End Them All
- •The Psychic Dentist and an Unamazing Grace
- •Skimpy Evidence
- •Going to the Top
- •Trouble Down Under
- •Improving the Account
- •Dentistry by Alchemy
- •A Serious, Direct Health Hazard
- •The Shirley Temple of Faith-Healing
- •Six More Failed Examples
- •An Amazing Lack of Evidence and Loss of Memory
- •The Gift of Knowledge Backfires
- •Father DiOrio: Vatican-Approved Wizard
- •Down Syndrome “Cured”
- •A Superior’s Opinion
- •More Incredible Claims, But No Evidence
- •Sidestepping the Question
- •The Heavy Burden of Guilt
- •The Lesser Lights
- •Danny Davis
- •Kathryn (“The Great”) Kuhlman
- •Daniel Atwood
- •David Epley
- •Brother (Reverend) Al (Warick)
- •David Paul
- •Ernest Angley
- •The Happy Hunters
- •Practical Limitations of Medical Science
- •What Does Medical Science Offer?
- •The Attitude of Orthodox Physicians
- •The Experts Speak Up
- •The French Attitude
- •An Interested Anthropologist Looks at Faith-Healing
- •Evangelists as Friends
- •The Aim of Medical Science
- •Where Is the Evidence?
- •Ancient Precursors
- •What You See Is Not What You Get
- •An m.D. Refuses to Answer
- •A Nlneteenth-Century Case and Its Conclusion
- •Willful Blindness
- •The Case of Rose Osha
- •So What Harm Is Done, Anyway?
- •The Nature of the Ailments
- •The Elusive Proof
- •The Mystery of the Discarded Crutches
- •A Personal Experience in Canada
- •The Anthropologist’s View
- •Many Similar Conclusions
- •A Proudly Quoted Miracle
- •A Physician Answers My Request
- •The Newspapers Have a Go at It
- •Why Do They Continue to Believe?
- •A Poor Body of Proof
- •The Devil Known as Science
- •The Refusal to Know
- •A Religious Parallel
- •The Art of Rationalization
- •The Overlap of Magic and Science
- •The Placebo Effect
- •The Endorphin Effect
- •Psychotherapy vs. Faith-Healing
- •Keeping the Victims Dependent
- •Standards of Evidence
- •Oral Roberts Fails Examination
- •An Epilepsy “Cure” by Peter Popoff
- •A Nonexistent Tumor “Cured” by Peter Popoff
- •The Bare Facts
- •A Simple Challenge, Unanswered
- •Legal Aspects
- •Many More Cases of Dying Children
- •A Wise Statement Seldom Heeded
- •A Reluctance to Enforce the Law
- •Other Legal Concerns
- •Final Thoughts
- •An Update
- •Bibliography
- •Appendix Appendix I
- •Appendix II
- •Appendix III
- •Appendix IV
A Plea from a Colleague
Mrs. A had her pastor in Toronto contact Popoff. In October 1983, he wrote Popoff that... the problem is that three years ago [Mrs. A] began to support your ministry with funds that she was siphoning off from a savings account that her husband had put in her name. That account was not her money, simply in her name and supposed to be accumulating towards the purchase of a vehicle. When she began to receive your very direct, compelling, “personal” letters, she took this money ... and sent it to you.... It is unfortunate that your ministry did not demonstrate enough character or class to even as much as reply ... especially from one of the “faithful” who had given so much. Your actions have called into question the integrity of your ministry, and the integrity of the gospel.
The pastor went on to say that, unless some reasonable answer was received, he would have to go to the Canadian solicitor general for satisfaction. Because this pastor and the church he represented are now out of business, we cannot know what, if anything, was the result of that threat. My guess is that Popoff didn’t think twice about it. Mrs. A then attended a Popoff crusade in Toronto, hoping to contact Popoff and make her plea in person. The Sherrills told us that at that crusade Reeford was under strict orders from Popoff not to allow this woman near him under any circumstances. In contrast, they expected another woman to be there who had donated handsomely to the ministry and was likely to continue doing so. Reeford was instructed to find this woman by any means possible and to conduct her backstage into Peter’s presence immediately.
A Similar Case in Chicago
In November 1983, Chicago Sun-Times columnist Mike Royko wrote about an elderly woman there who had sent Popoff her life savings of $21,000. At that time, Popoff was pleading for money to enable him to send Russian Bibles into the Soviet Union by balloons, a scheme mentioned earlier. As with the woman in Canada, this victim needed some of that money returned, but Popoff refused to do so. Perhaps she had been persuaded to give the money by a Chicago Tribune article that had appeared a year previously. It was titled “Air Strike Hits Moscow With Barrage of Bibles.” The piece by reporter Ronald Yates, quoted Popoff and his assistant Volmer Thrane as saying that they had launched 13,500 Russian Bibles from Finland aboard 700 9-foot balloons, which he claimed then floated over the border into Russia. Said Thrane:We used a formula to figure out just how far the balloons would carry. We didn’t want them to go directly into the Kremlin, just to the outskirts.
That’s quite a feat. Thrane was able to launch this armada at just the right moment so that the balloons would pop over the Moscow suburbs 550 miles away (Thrane said it was 700 miles) and deliver the cargo safely! That same newspaper article was used by Popoff more than five years later, in a January 27, 1987, mailing. On a gold-sealed letter, he had printed: Partner, The things inside this letter cannot become public knowledge or they will jeopardize our outreach to the underground church behind the Iron Curtain. I send this letter to you as my very special inner circle friend in confidence. Partner, don’t break the seal until you hold this letter in your hands and pray ... The things I am about to share with you I cannot share with just anyone. I cannot write everyone this, only a very FEW SPECIAL ONES LIKE YOU who the Lord has very specifically put on my heart.... Partner, you are on [sic] of my closest friends and therefore I want to share my vision with you.... What I have written you in this letter cannot go public because any publicity will greatly hinder our effectiveness. That is why I am writing to you in the strictest confidence.
After putting in another overdone plea for money, Popoff insulted his victims’ intelligence with this ridiculous statement:I will go to my mail box daily TO LOOK FOR YOUR IMPORTANT LETTER. Your letter is MOST IMPORTANT TO ME AT THIS TIME because the Lord commanded me to write you. Don’t put this letter down until you answer it.
That picture of Peter Popoff going to his “mail box” every day is pretty funny when you realize that he was receiving his mail in huge 100-pound sacks. The impression he created with those words was of an impoverished preacher sorting through a handful of mail looking for one specific letter containing a donation sufficient to pay for the Russian Bible delivery. I also find it hard to accept that God personally chose the recipient of that particular letter for Popoff to write to. Especially because I was that recipient! Inside the gold-sealed envelope was the Chicago Tribune article. Well, almost. The Reverend Popoff had carefully edited it, omitting anything that would date it—along with his age—and cutting it down to about a quarter of the original length, because so much of the text betrayed its vintage. Notice that this information, published in a major newspaper five years earlier, was so secret that Popoff could share it only with his 100,000-person mailing list, all of whom were his “closest friends.” During the years that he developed the Russian Bible scheme, Popoff told his faithful that he was planning to charter a 747 jet loaded with the balloons which would waft the Bibles across Russia and drop them over Moscow, and also postulated a wild plan that would float styrofoam rafts across the Baltic Sea loaded with the Bibles. His third idea, to set hundreds of Bible-bearing balloons loose from Finland and drop them in a specific location—the suburbs of Moscow—by calculating altitude, direction, and velocity of prevailing winds, was the plan finally decided upon. No thought was given to the inescapable international fuss that would most certainly result, and the faithful accepted Popoff’s Rube Goldberg plan as a big winner.