- •Table of Contents
- •Also by James Randi The Truth About Uri Geller Houdini: His Life and Art (with Bert Sugar) Flim-Flaml Test Your esp Potential
- •Inquiries should be addressed to Prometheus Books, 59 John Glenn Drive, Amherst, New York 14228-2197, 716-691-0133, ext. 207. Fax: 716-564-2711. Www.Prometheusbooks.Com
- •1. Spiritual healing—Controversial literature. 2. Healers—Controversial literature. I. Title.
- •Isbn 0-87975-369-2
- •Foreword by Carl Sagan
- •Acknowledgments
- •Introduction
- •The Origins of Faith-Healing
- •A Plethora of Religious Flotsam
- •The Royal Touch
- •Valentine Greatraks, the “Stroker.”
- •The Most Famous Christian Shrine
- •Virgins Galore
- •The Afflicted Visionary
- •There Is a Baby in the Bath Water
- •The Problems of Examining Claims
- •A Remarkable Case from Lourdes
- •The Search for Evidence on Micheli
- •The Latest Official “Miracle”
- •Faith-Healing in Modern Times
- •The Pattern Is Established
- •A Similarity to Witchcraft
- •An Orthodox Service
- •It’s Magic
- •Sacred Babble
- •A Minor Test
- •The Most Important Ingredient
- •A Trick with Biblical Roots
- •The “Gift of Knowledge”
- •A Smooth Act
- •The Family Bible Tells All
- •A Disclaimer
- •The Art of Mnemonics
- •All Sorts of Trickery
- •The Church View
- •More Orthodox Views
- •How Do Their Associates Feel About the Faith-Healers?
- •Caution: Demons at Work
- •Send in the Demons
- •The Roman Catholic Bestiary
- •Christianity and Voodoo: Are They That Different?
- •An Early Skeptic
- •Anointing by the Anointed
- •A Lutheran Point of View
- •The Financial Aspects
- •God as Terrorist
- •Saved from the Unthinkable
- •Gold Bars and Cut Diamonds
- •A Very Private Matter
- •The Mail Operation
- •Living High on the Hog
- •Religion, Texas-style
- •Revelations of a Decorator
- •More Real Estate
- •High Living in Texas, Too
- •A Bold Admission
- •The Mail Operations of Faith-Healers
- •I Have a Little List
- •The Biggest Little Mail Room in California
- •The Eagle’s Nest Mail Room
- •The Tulsa Postman’s Burden
- •Copying a Good Idea
- •Faulty Computer Programming
- •A. A. Allen and Miracle Valley
- •A Disclaimer—Just in Case
- •A Colorful Start
- •A Tough Customer
- •The Evidence for Healing
- •The Dream Ends
- •The King Is Dead
- •A Fortuitous Encounter
- •Trouble in Paradise and a Touching Defense
- •Suspicious Signs and Wonders
- •A Man with a Lot of Enemies
- •The Preacher in Prison
- •Enter a New Character, the Reverend Peter Popoff
- •Caught in the Act
- •Back in the Saddle Again
- •A Simple Act to Follow
- •W. V. Grant and the Eagle’s Nest
- •The Big Operator from Big d
- •Diversity of Operations
- •The Elusive Truth
- •Miracle Time
- •How Blind Is “Blind”?
- •A Careful Observer
- •The Wheelchair Trick
- •A Theologian’s Opinion
- •Behind the Scenes
- •Does Grant Ever Heal Anyone?
- •An Unhappy Customer
- •The Pretending Game
- •Not Blind Enough to Be Deceived
- •The Media Attitude
- •A Devastating Exposé in Rochester
- •An Odd Coincidence
- •The Story Starts Falling Apart
- •The Haitian Orphanages
- •W. V. Grant Replies to wokr-tv
- •A Brother in Trouble
- •Another Well-Informed Reporter
- •The Trash Detail
- •A Sad Record of Problems with No Solutions
- •The Written Evidence
- •The “Leg-Stretching” Miracle
- •Celebrities at His Feet
- •A Disillusioned Employee
- •A Brooklyn Encounter with Grant
- •The Interior Decorator Tells All
- •Peter Popoff and His Wonderful Machine
- •A Rellglous Entrepreneur
- •A Major Exposure
- •The Leaflet Campaign
- •Revelations
- •Sophisticated Technology at Work
- •An Intended Deception
- •Case for the Defense
- •A Valuable Colleague
- •The Electronic Evidence
- •A Different Brand of People
- •They’ll Believe Anything
- •The Popoff Camp Answers by Mail
- •Backs to the Wall
- •An Unhappy Toiler in the Vineyard
- •And Then There’s the Other Sherrill Family
- •An Important Character
- •One Broken Promise Too Many
- •Electronics to the Rescue
- •The “Russian Bibles” Vandalism Scam
- •The Plot Thickens
- •The Vandals Strike
- •The Appeal to Repair the Devil’s Work
- •The Smoking Videotape
- •Selling the Snake Oil
- •The Damning Evidence of Popoff’s Personal Involvement
- •The Mail Campaign
- •No Refunds in the Religion Business
- •A Plea from a Colleague
- •A Similar Case in Chicago
- •Expert Advice Is Sought—and Ignored
- •High-Powered Mail
- •Oral Roberts and the City of Faith
- •A Losing Proposition
- •Divine Financial Advice
- •Get Thee Behind Me, Poverty
- •The Canvas Cathedral
- •Economy-Size Miracles
- •The Midas Touch
- •A Few Paradoxes and Second Thoughts
- •The Ultimate Presumption
- •A Word of Knowledge from Pat Robertson
- •The Political Power of the Evangelists
- •Other Wonders, Too
- •A Sour Note from a Colleague
- •A Redefinition
- •The tv Special to End Them All
- •The Psychic Dentist and an Unamazing Grace
- •Skimpy Evidence
- •Going to the Top
- •Trouble Down Under
- •Improving the Account
- •Dentistry by Alchemy
- •A Serious, Direct Health Hazard
- •The Shirley Temple of Faith-Healing
- •Six More Failed Examples
- •An Amazing Lack of Evidence and Loss of Memory
- •The Gift of Knowledge Backfires
- •Father DiOrio: Vatican-Approved Wizard
- •Down Syndrome “Cured”
- •A Superior’s Opinion
- •More Incredible Claims, But No Evidence
- •Sidestepping the Question
- •The Heavy Burden of Guilt
- •The Lesser Lights
- •Danny Davis
- •Kathryn (“The Great”) Kuhlman
- •Daniel Atwood
- •David Epley
- •Brother (Reverend) Al (Warick)
- •David Paul
- •Ernest Angley
- •The Happy Hunters
- •Practical Limitations of Medical Science
- •What Does Medical Science Offer?
- •The Attitude of Orthodox Physicians
- •The Experts Speak Up
- •The French Attitude
- •An Interested Anthropologist Looks at Faith-Healing
- •Evangelists as Friends
- •The Aim of Medical Science
- •Where Is the Evidence?
- •Ancient Precursors
- •What You See Is Not What You Get
- •An m.D. Refuses to Answer
- •A Nlneteenth-Century Case and Its Conclusion
- •Willful Blindness
- •The Case of Rose Osha
- •So What Harm Is Done, Anyway?
- •The Nature of the Ailments
- •The Elusive Proof
- •The Mystery of the Discarded Crutches
- •A Personal Experience in Canada
- •The Anthropologist’s View
- •Many Similar Conclusions
- •A Proudly Quoted Miracle
- •A Physician Answers My Request
- •The Newspapers Have a Go at It
- •Why Do They Continue to Believe?
- •A Poor Body of Proof
- •The Devil Known as Science
- •The Refusal to Know
- •A Religious Parallel
- •The Art of Rationalization
- •The Overlap of Magic and Science
- •The Placebo Effect
- •The Endorphin Effect
- •Psychotherapy vs. Faith-Healing
- •Keeping the Victims Dependent
- •Standards of Evidence
- •Oral Roberts Fails Examination
- •An Epilepsy “Cure” by Peter Popoff
- •A Nonexistent Tumor “Cured” by Peter Popoff
- •The Bare Facts
- •A Simple Challenge, Unanswered
- •Legal Aspects
- •Many More Cases of Dying Children
- •A Wise Statement Seldom Heeded
- •A Reluctance to Enforce the Law
- •Other Legal Concerns
- •Final Thoughts
- •An Update
- •Bibliography
- •Appendix Appendix I
- •Appendix II
- •Appendix III
- •Appendix IV
A Brother in Trouble
I must mention one more item used by W. V. Grant in his Dawn of a New Day tirade against secular humanism. A thinly-veiled accusation read like this:In some areas, after the “Amazing Athiest” [sic] magician had had free media time to lie and downgrade the Power of the Holy Spirit in our ministry, we have had death threats against our lives. These threats were probably not by criminal types, but by well-meaning pseudo-Christians he had incited.... Just today, (April 23, 1987), as I write this, a prominent local pastor’s wife was strangled nearly to death, after a series of threats. At this writing, she is still in a coma. Secular humanists, and people they incite, mean business!
As of this writing, four months later, much more has been discovered about that case. The preacher Grant writes about is the Reverend Walker Railey, of Dallas. He is known to have a lady friend who is not his wife. The threatening letters he said he received from the secular humanists turned out to have been written with his own office typewriter. He is the only suspect in the crime. His wife is still in a coma and is not expected to survive. A trial is pending.
Another Well-Informed Reporter
In May of 1987, the Oakland (California) Tribune teamed up with Don Henvick, a mover and shaker with the Bay Area Skeptics who has been on Grant’s trail for several years. Reporter Don De Main was carefully prepared by Henvick and his associates to attend a “crusade” at Oakland’s Calvin Simmons Theater. He knew what to look for, and he found it. In the May 22 issue of the Tribune a story appeared describing De Main’s experience at the Grant vaudeville show that said, in partVictoria, wearing dark glasses, is called up from the front row. “How many think God can heal this blind sister? Everybody say, ‘Praise the Lord.’ “ Everybody does. Grant says Victoria is totally blind. “I’m just crazy enough to believe God can heal a blind eye. I’m going to start praying. Victoria, I’m going to take my hand off your eyes. Say, ‘Jesus, you healed blind Bartimaeus.’ “ Grant places his hands in front of her face. She says she can see his ears, his nose, and the number of fingers he is holding out.
Now, De Main knew something more about this case than the rest of that audience did. He knew that Grant, during his dramatic “healing” of Victoria, had hyperbolized her claim of “limited sight” to “total blindness.” De Main also knew that Grant had approached John Taube, another Bay Area Skeptics member, in the auditorium lobby before the program and had asked about the young lady accompanying him. John had told Grant that it was his “niece” Victoria who was having sight problems. Taube had been at Grant’s meeting the week before and had been “healed.” Taube felt that Grant would recognize him, but he didn’t. The mnemonic system he uses is short-term, of necessity. What De Main missed was a statement by Grant that shows his careful and clever use of implications. He had said:It’s not God’s will for her to have a white cane and walk around with dark glasses.
The truth is that “Victoria” did not carry a cane. Grant’s statement is designed to allow listeners to assume that she did. This semantic trick is commonly used by conjurors, too. The conversation between Grant and Taube had gone like this:Grant: Have you been in an accident? Taube: No, Reverend Grant. Don’t you remember me? I think you’re the most wonderful man in the world. Grant: No, Jesus is. Taube: ... The reason that I’m here tonight is because I’m concerned about my niece, who is blind. Grant: Is she completely blind? Taube: Oh no. She sees a little. Grant We’re going to have a “laying on of hands,” so we’ll pray for her. What’s your name? Taube: I guess you forgot from last week. My name is John. Grant: What’s your niece’s name? Taube: Victoria. Grant: Her doctor is who? Taube: Dr. Rice. In San Francisco. Grant: Well, we’re gonna have a “laying on of hands.” We’ll be praying for her.
Thus prepared, the Reverend Grant launched into the public part of his meeting. Reporter De Main had watched as Grant got the information from John Taube and witnessed the performance as “Victoria” was “healed.” He wrote in his story: But in Victoria’s case, Grant had gotten the wrong message from God. “Victoria” is really Genie Scott, an anthropologist from San Francisco, accompanied by John Taube, who had been called out two days earlier and “healed” of crippling arthritis. They are both supporters of the [Bay Area Skeptics] who went through Grant’s “miracles” for the society’s efforts to uncover the chicanery of faith healers. Both are healthy.... Grant got his information about Genie from chatting with [John] before the faith healing session. But [he] told him she was not totally blind, and could make out lights and shadows and contrasting objects, like Grant’s ears, nose and fingers. Where Grant gets his information on his healing subjects is more mundane than from God. It comes from carefully phrased, casual chats early in the four-hour sessions by Grant’s associates, notably his chief aide, the Rev. Glen Cole, who talks to companions of the would-be subjects and passes on the information.
In this case, De Main told the whole story, based on personal experience and observation in the field, assisted by experts who had the ability to prepare him for the experience. He had to suppose nothing. It was all there for him to see, and he made a complete revelation of Grant’s deception to Tribune readers. One of his sentences sums up the entire faith-healing phenomenon:The real miracle of Grant’s performances, and others like him, is not in their healing, but in charismatic convincing of those who want to be convinced.