- •Table of Contents
- •Also by James Randi The Truth About Uri Geller Houdini: His Life and Art (with Bert Sugar) Flim-Flaml Test Your esp Potential
- •Inquiries should be addressed to Prometheus Books, 59 John Glenn Drive, Amherst, New York 14228-2197, 716-691-0133, ext. 207. Fax: 716-564-2711. Www.Prometheusbooks.Com
- •1. Spiritual healing—Controversial literature. 2. Healers—Controversial literature. I. Title.
- •Isbn 0-87975-369-2
- •Foreword by Carl Sagan
- •Acknowledgments
- •Introduction
- •The Origins of Faith-Healing
- •A Plethora of Religious Flotsam
- •The Royal Touch
- •Valentine Greatraks, the “Stroker.”
- •The Most Famous Christian Shrine
- •Virgins Galore
- •The Afflicted Visionary
- •There Is a Baby in the Bath Water
- •The Problems of Examining Claims
- •A Remarkable Case from Lourdes
- •The Search for Evidence on Micheli
- •The Latest Official “Miracle”
- •Faith-Healing in Modern Times
- •The Pattern Is Established
- •A Similarity to Witchcraft
- •An Orthodox Service
- •It’s Magic
- •Sacred Babble
- •A Minor Test
- •The Most Important Ingredient
- •A Trick with Biblical Roots
- •The “Gift of Knowledge”
- •A Smooth Act
- •The Family Bible Tells All
- •A Disclaimer
- •The Art of Mnemonics
- •All Sorts of Trickery
- •The Church View
- •More Orthodox Views
- •How Do Their Associates Feel About the Faith-Healers?
- •Caution: Demons at Work
- •Send in the Demons
- •The Roman Catholic Bestiary
- •Christianity and Voodoo: Are They That Different?
- •An Early Skeptic
- •Anointing by the Anointed
- •A Lutheran Point of View
- •The Financial Aspects
- •God as Terrorist
- •Saved from the Unthinkable
- •Gold Bars and Cut Diamonds
- •A Very Private Matter
- •The Mail Operation
- •Living High on the Hog
- •Religion, Texas-style
- •Revelations of a Decorator
- •More Real Estate
- •High Living in Texas, Too
- •A Bold Admission
- •The Mail Operations of Faith-Healers
- •I Have a Little List
- •The Biggest Little Mail Room in California
- •The Eagle’s Nest Mail Room
- •The Tulsa Postman’s Burden
- •Copying a Good Idea
- •Faulty Computer Programming
- •A. A. Allen and Miracle Valley
- •A Disclaimer—Just in Case
- •A Colorful Start
- •A Tough Customer
- •The Evidence for Healing
- •The Dream Ends
- •The King Is Dead
- •A Fortuitous Encounter
- •Trouble in Paradise and a Touching Defense
- •Suspicious Signs and Wonders
- •A Man with a Lot of Enemies
- •The Preacher in Prison
- •Enter a New Character, the Reverend Peter Popoff
- •Caught in the Act
- •Back in the Saddle Again
- •A Simple Act to Follow
- •W. V. Grant and the Eagle’s Nest
- •The Big Operator from Big d
- •Diversity of Operations
- •The Elusive Truth
- •Miracle Time
- •How Blind Is “Blind”?
- •A Careful Observer
- •The Wheelchair Trick
- •A Theologian’s Opinion
- •Behind the Scenes
- •Does Grant Ever Heal Anyone?
- •An Unhappy Customer
- •The Pretending Game
- •Not Blind Enough to Be Deceived
- •The Media Attitude
- •A Devastating Exposé in Rochester
- •An Odd Coincidence
- •The Story Starts Falling Apart
- •The Haitian Orphanages
- •W. V. Grant Replies to wokr-tv
- •A Brother in Trouble
- •Another Well-Informed Reporter
- •The Trash Detail
- •A Sad Record of Problems with No Solutions
- •The Written Evidence
- •The “Leg-Stretching” Miracle
- •Celebrities at His Feet
- •A Disillusioned Employee
- •A Brooklyn Encounter with Grant
- •The Interior Decorator Tells All
- •Peter Popoff and His Wonderful Machine
- •A Rellglous Entrepreneur
- •A Major Exposure
- •The Leaflet Campaign
- •Revelations
- •Sophisticated Technology at Work
- •An Intended Deception
- •Case for the Defense
- •A Valuable Colleague
- •The Electronic Evidence
- •A Different Brand of People
- •They’ll Believe Anything
- •The Popoff Camp Answers by Mail
- •Backs to the Wall
- •An Unhappy Toiler in the Vineyard
- •And Then There’s the Other Sherrill Family
- •An Important Character
- •One Broken Promise Too Many
- •Electronics to the Rescue
- •The “Russian Bibles” Vandalism Scam
- •The Plot Thickens
- •The Vandals Strike
- •The Appeal to Repair the Devil’s Work
- •The Smoking Videotape
- •Selling the Snake Oil
- •The Damning Evidence of Popoff’s Personal Involvement
- •The Mail Campaign
- •No Refunds in the Religion Business
- •A Plea from a Colleague
- •A Similar Case in Chicago
- •Expert Advice Is Sought—and Ignored
- •High-Powered Mail
- •Oral Roberts and the City of Faith
- •A Losing Proposition
- •Divine Financial Advice
- •Get Thee Behind Me, Poverty
- •The Canvas Cathedral
- •Economy-Size Miracles
- •The Midas Touch
- •A Few Paradoxes and Second Thoughts
- •The Ultimate Presumption
- •A Word of Knowledge from Pat Robertson
- •The Political Power of the Evangelists
- •Other Wonders, Too
- •A Sour Note from a Colleague
- •A Redefinition
- •The tv Special to End Them All
- •The Psychic Dentist and an Unamazing Grace
- •Skimpy Evidence
- •Going to the Top
- •Trouble Down Under
- •Improving the Account
- •Dentistry by Alchemy
- •A Serious, Direct Health Hazard
- •The Shirley Temple of Faith-Healing
- •Six More Failed Examples
- •An Amazing Lack of Evidence and Loss of Memory
- •The Gift of Knowledge Backfires
- •Father DiOrio: Vatican-Approved Wizard
- •Down Syndrome “Cured”
- •A Superior’s Opinion
- •More Incredible Claims, But No Evidence
- •Sidestepping the Question
- •The Heavy Burden of Guilt
- •The Lesser Lights
- •Danny Davis
- •Kathryn (“The Great”) Kuhlman
- •Daniel Atwood
- •David Epley
- •Brother (Reverend) Al (Warick)
- •David Paul
- •Ernest Angley
- •The Happy Hunters
- •Practical Limitations of Medical Science
- •What Does Medical Science Offer?
- •The Attitude of Orthodox Physicians
- •The Experts Speak Up
- •The French Attitude
- •An Interested Anthropologist Looks at Faith-Healing
- •Evangelists as Friends
- •The Aim of Medical Science
- •Where Is the Evidence?
- •Ancient Precursors
- •What You See Is Not What You Get
- •An m.D. Refuses to Answer
- •A Nlneteenth-Century Case and Its Conclusion
- •Willful Blindness
- •The Case of Rose Osha
- •So What Harm Is Done, Anyway?
- •The Nature of the Ailments
- •The Elusive Proof
- •The Mystery of the Discarded Crutches
- •A Personal Experience in Canada
- •The Anthropologist’s View
- •Many Similar Conclusions
- •A Proudly Quoted Miracle
- •A Physician Answers My Request
- •The Newspapers Have a Go at It
- •Why Do They Continue to Believe?
- •A Poor Body of Proof
- •The Devil Known as Science
- •The Refusal to Know
- •A Religious Parallel
- •The Art of Rationalization
- •The Overlap of Magic and Science
- •The Placebo Effect
- •The Endorphin Effect
- •Psychotherapy vs. Faith-Healing
- •Keeping the Victims Dependent
- •Standards of Evidence
- •Oral Roberts Fails Examination
- •An Epilepsy “Cure” by Peter Popoff
- •A Nonexistent Tumor “Cured” by Peter Popoff
- •The Bare Facts
- •A Simple Challenge, Unanswered
- •Legal Aspects
- •Many More Cases of Dying Children
- •A Wise Statement Seldom Heeded
- •A Reluctance to Enforce the Law
- •Other Legal Concerns
- •Final Thoughts
- •An Update
- •Bibliography
- •Appendix Appendix I
- •Appendix II
- •Appendix III
- •Appendix IV
The Eagle’s Nest Mail Room
One of W. V. Grant’s former employees gave an impressive description of his mail operation in Cincinnati:[Grant’s] mailing room was incredible. It looked like a post office. It had these big tables with states labeled at the head of each one, where the mail was coming in from and going out to. Most of the workers were women.... I never knew how to act around those people. I thought you’re supposed to be nice, wear a tie, talk pretty. But you’d go back there to QC Agency and you’d never have heard such foulmouthed language. Even the women in the mail room! The way they’d be talking! I’d think, these women are working for W. V. Grant?
The Tulsa Postman’s Burden
Oral Roberts sends out more than 27 million letters and publications annually. The operation is so large that his mailing room has its very own zip code, 74171. This rather makes us doubt Roberts’s assurance to the faithful that he personally reads each and every letter. As an example of the high-powered rhetoric that Roberts sends out, consider the letter in Appendix IV. The signature is in blue ink, appearing to be handwritten. There are a number of subtleties here that I should point out. This letter was not just entered into a computer to keep in touch with the faithful. It was carefully designed by a master hand, and it was guaranteed to appeal to lonely, frightened people. The elderly have always been the major targets of the evangelists, and this letter is also worded to appeal to them. Note the inference that Roberts “sat down and wrote” to the recipient, the appeal to the “pen-pal” aspect, and the strong suggestion that Roberts has read the letter that was sent by the person receiving this one. The recipient is also invited to correspond with Roberts on a personal level. This could not happen, in view of the tens of thousands of responses Roberts could expect. The letters begging for money followed soon after this one was received.
Copying a Good Idea
Reader’s Digest often sends out mailings that have the familiar alternate red-and-blue diagonal stripes along the envelope edges. This is usually used to designate an airmail letter, and at one time, before U.S. mail began delivering all first-class mail by air, envelopes so marked assumed greater importance than surface-delivered mail. To many, particularly to older folks, these envelopes still stand out, and this gimmick must be effective, because it is used by prominent mailing houses. Evangelist Rex Humbard has carried this idea a bit further. In December of 1986, those on his mailing list received a letter in the red-and-blue design with a return address that read, “Hotel Inter-Continental, Jerusalem, P.O. Box 19585, Jerusalem.” The apparent cancellation in the upper right-hand corner of the envelope read, “Seasons Greetings From Jerusalem.” The impression given is that this letter arrived via airmail and that it was mailed from Jerusalem. The smallest print on the envelope, in place of the stamp, read “U.S. Postage paid. Rex Humbard Foundation.” In actuality, this was a bulk-mailed piece that was sent from Akron, Ohio, though there is no way the recipient could know this without having the means to refer to the postal permit number, since there is no real cancellation used on such bulk mailings. On the face of the envelope, apparently scrawled there in blue, it says:Please open immediately! In this letter is a beautiful gift for you ... from Jerusalem. The land of the Bible ...
A typical Oral Roberts computerized letter.
The “beautiful gift” was a simple, cheap paper bookmark printed by “Palphot,” a West German printer. The gift was not from Jerusalem, and it was not made in Jerusalem. It was the usual junk come-on. The letter included with this stunning gift appeared to be on Hotel Inter-Continental stationery. It gave, scribbled across the top apparently by hand in the same blue pen, further assurance that: This beautiful Bible bookmark is a Gift from Maude Aimee and me ... We bought this in the holy city of Jerusalem ... Just for you!
The letter began:Dear Precious Partner, Just a few hours ago I completed my special time of prayer at the Seven Miracle Places in the Land of the Bible—the Holy Land.
And further on, it said:Maude Aimee and I purchased for you in Jerusalem—the Land of the Bible—the enclosed bookmark.
The letter tells the recipient that an “urgent situation” has suddenly developed back in Akron that requires “over $135,000” immediately. Enclosed also is an envelope that seems to have been hand addressed (again scrawled in blue pen) as an offering envelope. A further small note repeats the plea for money, and is written (actually printed) on what appears to be a sheet torn from a Hotel Inter-Continental scratch pad; the words “for the convenience of our guests” appear under the hotel’s logo. There is no question about it. This mailing is false, misleading, and mendacious. It is another cheap trick designed to part the faithful from their money.