Способы перевода на русский язык инфинитива в функции определения

Инфинитив в функции определения переводится на русский язык тремя способами:

1. придаточным определительным предложением с модальным сказуемым (наиболее распространенный способ).

She is leaving for the conference to be held in Moscow. – Она отправляется на конференцию, которая должна состояться в Москве.

2) неопределенной формой глагола. При этом наблюдается полное соответствие между английским и русским предложениями.

She got permission to leave. – Она получила разрешение уехать.

I have nothing to say. – Мне нечего сказать.

2. личной формой глагола в том случае, если инфинитив-определение относится к порядковому числительному: the first, the second, the last, the next.

She was the first to come. – Она пришла первой.

Упражнения на закрепление грамматического материала

1. Напишите все возможные формы инфинитива.

To tell, to sleep, to smile, to forget, to run, to hold, to build, to rise, to describe, to explain, to jump, to cross, to do.

2. Измените предложения по образцу.

А) Образец. It is easy to please him. – He is easy to please.

1. It is very important to look at the scene. 2. It was easy to answer the question. 3. It is difficult to recognize him. 4. It is impossible to read his handwriting. 5. It must be interesting to talk to her.

B) Образец: Tom is upset because he hasn’t heard from Mary. – Tom is upset not to have heard from Mary.

1. I was glad when I didn’t see him in the room. 2. I didn’t arrive early. I’m sorry. 3. She’ll be ashamed because she didn’t wear her best clothes. 4. They were angry after they didn’t catch the bus. 5. She doesn’t see him here. She is surprised. 6. He was surprised because he didn’t find his watch in his pocket. 7. He isn’t a good student. He is ashamed. 8. I don’t remember your name. I’m embarrassed. 9. They haven’t heard any bad news. They’re relieved. 10. Next weekend I’ll be glad because I won’t have any more examinations.

C) Образец: I can’t eat this meat (unfit). – This meat is unfit to eat.

1. I can read this book (easy). 2. We can eat our dinner (ready). 3. We can pick this fruit (ready). 4. I can’t understand Mr. Brown (difficult). 5. You can wear these clothes for working in the garden (fit). 6. You can’t wear these clothes in the office (unfit). 7. You can’t eat this meat (good). 8. She can’t wear that dress at the party (fit). 9. I can’t read this book (hard). 10. I can’t drink this coffee (not good).

3. Вставьте частицу to перед инфинитивом там, где это необходимо.

1. I like … play the guitar. 2. My brother can … speak French. 3. We had … put on our overcoats because it was cold. 4. They wanted … cross the river. 5. It is high time for you … go to bed. 6. May I … use your telephone? 7. They heard the girl … cry out with joy. 8. I would rather … stay at home today. 9. He did not want … play in the yard any more. 10. Would you like … go to England? 11. You look tired. You had better … go home. 12. I wanted … speak to Nick, but could not … find his telephone number. 13. It is time … get up. 14. Let me … help you with your homework. 15. I was planning … do a lot of things yesterday.