Appendix

Species

Scientific name

Water, %

Fat, %

Protein, %

Energy value, Cal/lb

angler

Lophius piscatorius

68

7.5

23.2

740

bass

Morone labrax

77

2.5

19.3

470

blue whiting

Micromesistius poutassou

79-80

1.9-3.0

13.8-15.9

340-420

brill

Scophthalmus rhombus

76

2.5

19.8

470

carp

Cyprinus carpio

78-80

2.0-2.2

17.5-18.9

420

catfish

Anarhichas sp.

78

2.1-3.8

17.0-19.7

410-530

cod

Gadus morhua

78-83

0.1-0.9

15.0-19.0

310-360

conger

Conger conger

80

0.2-11.9

19-1

360

dab

Limanda limanda

79

0.5-1.2

12.8-18.2

260-390

dogfish, picked

Squalus acanthias

75

3.9-5.6

19.6

600

eel

Anguilla anguilla

60-71

8.0-31.0

14.4

flounder

Platichthys flesus

81

0.3

16.8

330

grey mullet

Mugil sp.

76

3.9

19.5

530

gurnard

Trigla sp.

76-77

1.1-2.3

19.7-20.2

410-470

haddock

Gadus aeglefinus

79-84

0.1-0.6

14.6-20.3

280-380

hake

Merluccius merluccius

80

0.4-1.0

17.8-18.6

320-380

-, S African

Merluccius capensis

79-84

0.2-1.4

15.2-18.6

320-380

halibut

Hippoglossus hippoglossus

75-79

0.5-9.6

18.0-18.8

440-740

herring

Clupea harengus

60-80

0.4-22.0

16.0-19.0

-, whole

57-79

0.8-24.9

14-18

John Dory

Zeus faber

78

1.3

18.4

400

lemon sole

Microstomus kitt

79

0.5-3.8

16.4-18.4

330-370

ling

Molva molva

78

0.1-0.4

19.5-22.2

370-430

mackerel

Scomber scombrus

60-74

1.0-23.5

16-20

megrim

Lepidorhombus whiff

80

1.0-3.9

17.8

360

Norway pout

Trisopterus esmarkii

73-77

4.2-5.1

16.0

480-520

perch

Perca fluviatilis

79-80

0.8

17.6-19.0

360

pilchard

Sardina pilchardus

60-80

2.0-18.0

17.0-20.0

-, S African

Sardinops ocellata

64-75

2.3-14.7

15.3-18.9

plaice

Pleuronectes platessa

81

1.1-3.6

15.7-17.8

360-490

pollack

Gadus pollachius

79

0.6-0.8

16.4-20.3

320-400

redfish

Sebastes sp.

73-79

3.2-8.1

16.8-19.7

460-670

red mullet

Mullus surmulletus

75

5.1

19.0

570

saithe

Pollachius virens

81

0.3-0.6

16.4-20.3

320-400

salmon

Salmo salar

67-77

0-3-140

21.5

-, Pacific

Oncorhynchus sp.

67-78

2.7-10.6

17.7-21.9

sand eel

Ammodytes sp.

73

6.8

17.8

620

sea bream

Sparus centrodontus

79

1.5

17.6

390

skate, ray

Raja sp.

77-82

0.1-1.6

18.2-24.2

400-450

sole

Solea solea

78

1.8

18.8

430

sprat

Sprattus sprattus

7- 9 cm

80-81

3.8-4.1

14.1-14.8

440

9-11 cm

75-76

7.5-9.5

14.7-14.8

610

12-15 cm

70-73

11.1-14.1

15.3

830

trout

Salmo trutta

70-79

1.2-10.8

18.8-19.1

400

tuna

Thunnus sp.

71

4-1

25.2

630

turbot

Scophthalmus maximus

78

2.1-3.9

16.8-20.6

390-420

tusk

Brosme brosme

79

0-5

18.4

360

whiting

Gadus merlangus

80

0.2-0.6

16.4-19.0

330-370

witch

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus

81

0.2-12.2

14.6-17.5

340.860

shellfish:

crustaceans:

crab, brown meat

Cancer pagurus

70

7.5

13.1

560

-, white meat

74

0.2

22.4

430

king crab, white meat

Paralithodes camchaticus

81-91

0.4-1.7

6.9-14.8

230

lobster, brown meat

Homarus vulgaris

64

14.5

14.5

890

-, white meat

75

0.3

19.7

410

Norway lobster, while meat

Nephrops norvegicus

77

0.6-2.0

19.5

400

prawn, white meat

Palaemon serratus

71

1.3

22.8

480

shrimp, white meat

Crangon crangon

68-70

0.9

10.5-23.2

450-500

molluscs:

cockle

Cardium edule

79-92

0.3-4.8

9.1-9.9

390

mussel

Mytilus edulis

80-84

0.8-2.3

8.9-11.7

270-300

oyster

Ostrea edulis

77-83

1.1-2.5

8.6-12.6

320-460

scallop

Pecten maximus

73-79

0.5-1.0

19.5

350

squid

Loligo vulgaris

78

1.1-1.5

14.9-19.2

390

Product

Water, %

Fat, %

Protein, %

Ash, %

Energy value, Cal/lb

brisling, canned smoked

in oil

50

29.2

18.3

2.6

1,540

-, in tomato

67

17.1

12.2

3.0

885

caviar

38

20

30

4.6

1,530

cod, fried

69

4.7

20.7

635

-, steamed

79

0.9

18.0

370

cod liver

32

55.1

4.6

3.6

2,340

cod milt

82

1.1

14.5

1.8

320

cod roe

70

1.7

24.3

1.8

570

-, fried

62

11.9

20.6

935

crab paste

70

8.6

15.6

3.2

680

fish meal, white

6-15

1.7-5.9

55-71

17.2-25.8

-, average

11

3.6

63

22.3

fish paste

64

9.5

149

790

haddock, smoked,

72

0.9

22.3

450

steamed

herring, fried

59

15.1

21.8

1,070

herring meal

9

8

71

9

herring milt

82

3.0

15.1

2.8

385

herring roe

66

2.4

24.3

1.5

590

kippers

62

13.4

21.1

930

-, baked

59

11.4

23.2

910

lobster, boiled

72

3.4

21.2

540

pilchards, canned

64

15.4

18.9

1,000

plaice, fried

59

14.4

18.0

1,060

-, steamed

78

1.9

18.1

420

salmon, canned

67

9.6

20.6

2.4

800

salt cod

33

0.5

42

22.2

tuna, canned in oil

48

27.7

23.3

1.7

1,570

Element

Average value, mg/100g

Range, mg/100g

sodium

72

30-134

potassium

278

19-502

calcium

79

19-881

magnesium

38

4.5-452

phosphorus

190

68-550

sulphur

191

130-257

iron

1.55

1-5.6

chlorine

197

3.761

silicon

4

–

manganese

0.82

0.0003-25.2

zinc

0.96

0.23-2.1

copper

0.20

0.001-3.7

arsenic

0.37

0.24-0.6

iodine

0.15

0.0001-2.73

Species

Vitamin A, I.U./g

Vitamin D, I.U./g

Oil content, % of liver

a. flesh of:

cod

0-50

0

eel

300-4,500

1-500

haddock

0-50

0

halibut

400

40

herring

20-400

300-1,000

mackerel

50-200

100-1,000

salmon, Pacific

70-500

200-800

sprat

400-1,000

300-1,000

b. Liver oil from:

cod

200-10,000

20-300

50-75

dogfish

160-120,000

5-25

15-75

halibut

2,800-360,000

550-20,000

15-20

herring

3,600-10,000

10

mackerel

2,500-130,000

750-1,000

5-20

salmon

5,000-20,000

10

tuna

40,000-800,000

16,000-30,000

10-35

Species or Product

Thiamine B1, µg/g

Ribo-flavin B2, µg/g

Niacin, µg/g

B6, µg/g

B12, µg/g

Pantothenic acid, µg/g

Biotin, µg/g

cod

0-7

0-8

20

1.7

0-01

1.7

0.03

0.5-1.8

0.2-1.6

15-23

1.2-2.8

0.002-0.011

0.8-3.1

cod liver

3.4

15

0.11

4.3

cod roe

2.5

5.5

8.0

1.4

0.15

19.7

0.17

crab

0.9

17-28

2.3

0.13

7.1

0.10

crab paste

0.6

1.9

12

0.44

15.7

eel

1.5

2.0

35

3.0

0.01

1.5

1.3-2.0

0.4-4.6

33-41

2.0-3.6

0.006-0.03

0.9-2.4

haddock

0.7

1.0

40

1.2

0.01

2.5

0.05

0.3-1.0

0.2-1.6

31-44

0.005-0.02

0.4-2.9

halibut

0.7

0.8

60

4.0

0.01

2.5

0.05

0.3-1.2

0.4-1.8

30-110

1.1-5.5

0.007-0.009

1.5-3.6

0.03-0.08

herring

0.4

3.0

40

4.5

0.1

100

0.1

0.1-1.3

0.9-3.3

20-63

3.5-4.2

0.08-0.14

9.3-9.7

0.09-0.16

herring roe

3.2

14

0.1

17.3

kippers

3.7

48

0.02

10.4

lemon sole

0.9

0.8

35

0.01

3.0

0.7-0.9

26-13

0.006-0.01

2.5-4.2

lobster

0.8-0.9

0.4-0.6

12-21

0.01

mackerel

1.0

3.5

75

7.5

0.1

10.0

0.07

0.2-2.0

1.6-6.6

41-114

5.0-8.9

0.02-0.13

9.7-10.9

0.06-0.08

oyster

1.2

1.8

20

1.5

0.2

2.5

0.09

0.7-2.9

0.6-3.5

14-39

0.15-0.46

plaice

2.0

1.3

40

2.5

0.01

8.0

0.9

0.2-4.6

0.9-3.3

21-106

1.6-3.1

0.009-0.011

6.8-11.2

saithe

1.0

2.0

35

4.7

0.04

4.0

0.07

1.7-3.0

32-14

0.022-0.05

3.5-4.1

salmon

2.0

1.5

70

7.5

0.05

20

0.05

1.4-2.4

0.6-2.2

54-88

6.0-9.8

shrimp

0-2

0.3

25

0.3

0.01

2.5

0.1-0.5

0.1-0.7

11-53

0.1-0.6

1.2-3.8

white fish meal

2.5-3.9

5.9-13.5

44-46

2.7-11.2

0.1

5.6-11.8