Grammar review

Modal verbs and their equivalents

Обов’язок, необхідність – must, should, to have to, to be to Розумова чи фізична здатність – can, could, to be able to Прохання, можливість, дозвіл – may, might, to be allowed to

5. Прочитайте тексти а і в та визначте, в яких випадках використані підкреслені форми дієслів.

1. My TV set broke yesterday. I called a TV repair man. But he could not come yesterday. He can’t come today either. He is too busy. He says he will not be able to come tomorrow, because tomorrow is Sunday, and he does not work on Sunday.

2. Maria had to make an important decision recently. She lost her job as a bookkeeper when her company went bankrupt, and she had to decide what to do. She could find another job as a bookkeeper, but she decided to study computer programming. Maria thinks she made the right decision.

6. Заповніть пропуски відповідними модальними дієсловами can, may, must, should.

1. Nina is ill. She … stay in bed.

2. Drivers … stop when they see the red light.

3. Betty asked: “… I open the window?”

4. Betty asked her father:” … I go to the concert tonight?” Her father said, “Yes, you … go.”

5. Mary is free tonight. She … go to dance.

6. Alec will have an English lesson tomorrow. He … study tonight.

7. Mark is a good student. He … speak English well.

8. There is no ink in my pen. … I write a pencil?

9. My friend gave me an interesting book to read. She said, “ You … keep it for seven days.”

10. You … do what the doctor says.

11. You … study much if you want to pass the examination well.

12. You … not smoke in the dining-room.

13. Little children … go to bed early.

14. If you are ill, you … consult a doctor.

7. Змініть час кожного речення на Past та Future Indefinite, використовуючи відповідні модальні дієслова або їх еквіваленти .

Зразок А: He must learn the new words regularly.

He had to learn the new words regularly.

He will have to learn the new words regularly.

1. We must pass the examination in physics.

2. He must leave early in the morning.

3. You must read the text again.

4. They must begin their work at 9 o’clock.

5. She must go there at once.

Зразок Б: He can skate well.

He could skate well.

He will be able to skate well.

1. He can continue his studies at the evening department.

2. I can meet you at the Metro station.

3. His father can help him in his studies.

4. I can translate this text without a dictionary.

5. She can play tennis after work.

Зразок С: You may open the window.

You were not allowed to open the window.

You will be allowed to open the window.

1. You may go home after classes.

2. They may continue the experiment.

3. The students may use dictionaries at the translation test.

4. He may take my pen.

5. The tourists may attend the sitting of the Parliament.