- •Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Bronze Age Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Saks tribal unity (location, economy, culture, social organization).
- •Huns in the history of Central Asia (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Usuns in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Turks in the history of Eurasia. Turkic and Western Turkic Khanates (politic and social history, economy).
- •7)Turgeshes and Kharlukhs in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Oghuz state in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •The Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan.
- •17) The development of culture and science in VI – XII centuries (Abu Nasyr al-Farabi, Balasaguni, u. Kazhgari, m. Khodzha Akhmed Yassaui).
- •20 )The formation of the state of White Horde and Mughulistan (political history, social organization).
- •The Mongol conquest of the territory of Kazakhstan and the consequences of the invasion.
- •Abulkhair Khanate (1428-1468) or The State of Nomadic Uzbeks.
- •23. Ethno genesis of a Kazakh people. The origin of the ethno name ‘Kazakh’.
- •The Kazakh Zhuzes: the origin, territory, tribal structure.
- •25. The formation and demise of Kazakh khanate XV-XVI.
- •27) The history of assessment of the Small, Middle and Great Hordes with Russia XVIII-XIX cc.
- •28. The history of assessment of the Small and Middle Zhuses with Russia.
- •The history of assessment of the Great Zhuz with Russia.
- •31. The assessment of Kazakhstan into Russian empire: the main stages and their features.
- •Kazakhstan within the Russian empire (administrative reforms of 1822, 1824, 1867-68 years and their colonial character).
- •Islamization and the introduction of Shari’a law by the end of the seventeen century.
- •43. Kazakh Khanate in the late 17-18vv. Politics Khan Tauke to unite the Kazakh land. "Jeti-zhargy."
- •48) The impact of Russian revolution of 1905 – 1907 on Kazakhstan.
- •51) ‘Alash Orda’ political party, its program aims and activity.
- •52) The success of 1917 October revolution and the establishment of Soviet government in Kazakhstan.
- •55) The policy of ‘military communism’ in Kazakhstan (1918-1920).
- •The Collectivization in Kazakhstan (1928-1940): the means of introduction and its consequences.
- •The policy of Soviet government in the field of culture in 1920-1930ss years.
- •In that policy we can find advantages and disadvantages.
- •The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •63) The feats of labour of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •The cultivation of the “Virgin Lands” in Kazakhstan in 1950-1960ss years: the projects and results.
- •68.The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Ibrahim Altynsarin the great teacher of humanity.
- •69. Kazakhstan – the new nation in the system of international relations. (membership in uno and other organizations).
- •72. The history of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •73) The fates of the leaders of Alash Orda government.
- •74) Kazakhstan as the successful experience of multiethnic state.
- •75) The role and functions of the Assembly of Kazakhstan people.
- •76) The foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present time.
- •77. The collapse of the ussr. Proclamation of Kazakhstan as a sovereign and independent state.
- •79, The state symbols of Kazakhstan
- •80. The main priorities of the entrance of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 50 most competitive countries of the world.
- •81) Kazakhstan chairmanship in osce in 2010.
- •82. The Parliament of Kazakhstan
- •86) The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •89) The history of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the XX century. The role of the first Kazakh press.
- •90) The main priority is a multi-vector foreign policy
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The Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan.
The Great Silk Road - one of the most significant achievements in the history of world civilization. Extensive network of caravan routes crossing Europe and Asia from the Mediterranean to China and served in an era of Antiquity and Middle Ages an important means of trade relations and dialogue between the cultures of East and West. The most extensive part of the road passed through the territory of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Asian Silk Road station, if it move from west to east, coming from Shashai (Tashkent) via Turbat in Isfidzhab, Sairam. From Isfidzhaba caravans were on the east through the town of Taraz in Sharab and Buduhket. From Taraz eastward path walked by Kulanu, passed through Suyab through the Issyk-Kul, Ili Valley, Kayalyk (capital karlukskih dzhagbu). From Isfidzhaba in Arsubaniket to Arysi through Shavgar, Yangikent. \ \ The Silk Road served initially for the export of Chinese silk. In turn, of Rome, Byzantium, India, Iran, the Arab Caliphate, and later from Europe and Russia went on the myrrh and frankincense, cardamom and nutmeg, ginseng and gall python, carpets and paintings, diamonds and jasper, ivory and «rybi tusks», ingots of gold and silver, furs, coins, and many others On the Silk Road extended cultivated crops: grapes, peaches and melons, spices and sugar, fruit and vegetables and herbs. Silk Road expands not only products but also the fashion for art styles, and getting to the prepared soil in a particular ethno-cultural environment, are widely available. \ \ Along with the proliferation of products, scientific and technological innovation, culture samples in applied arts, architecture, wall paintings Silk Road on the east and west spread the art of music and dance, visual representations, a kind of "stage" the Middle Ages. For example, Iranian, Sogdian and Turkish actors brought a lot of choreographic culture of China. When the excavation of historical monuments throughout the Silk Road found numerous tangible confirmation of the development and cross-fertilization of musical and theatrical cultures of different peoples. \ \ The Silk Road spread religious teachings and ideas, various missionaries transferred their faith in the overseas country. From India via Central Asia and East Turkistan came to Buddhism, from Syria, Iran and Arabia, spread Christianity and then Islam. \ \ Along with Buddhism on the Silk Road coming from the West to the East, Nestorian Christianity spread wing. In the 7-8 centuries. nestorianstvo widely spread in the cities of South Kazakhstan and Semirechye.
15) The towns and urban culture of Kazakhstan in Medieval Ages (VI – XII cc.).
On the territory of Kazakhstan identified major historical and cultural development of regions settled, and in the Medieval Ages, and urban life. Some of them were Southern Kazakhstan and Zhetysu.
In Zhetysu there are two historic and cultural areas: the south-western and north-eastern Zhetysu. / / The first description of the city Zhetysu belongs to the Buddhist pilgrim Xuan Jian. Some researchers believed that the agricultural culture in the territory as a result of a Zhetysu Sogdi colonization. There is also the opposite, the autochthonous model of origin of urban culture Zhetysu on which region of Southern Kazakhstan and Zhetysu has not been subjected to colonization Sogd, and independent, with great economy and culture of the region, played a significant role in the historical and economic destinies of the peoples of Central Asia. / / In Zhetysu, in southern Kazakhstan and Maverannakhr extends Turkic cultural complex. Thus, during the early Medieval Ages in southern Kazakhstan and Zhetysu a unique culture, which is integrated into a Turkish cultural complex. The most striking manifestation of this integration is observed in the culture of the city. / / Archaeological research in southern Kazakhstan recorded 25 hill with layers VI-IX centuries., Which can be considered remnants of cities. There are names of some of them - Isfidzhab, Sharab, Buduhket, Otrar (Farab) Shavgar. These cities include: Ark (citadel), Shahristan (inner city) and rabad (suburb). / / In the south-west Zhetysu (Chui and Talas valleys), according to archaeological data, there are 27 hill, most of which are identified with annalistic Taraz, Kulan, Atlah, Dzhamukat, Merka. / / Unlike Southern Kazakhstan’s hill topography of Zhetysu is different: there is a central part consisting of a citadel and Shakhristan and suburban area, surrounded the long wall. / / Cities are centers of trade and commerce. In addition to international trade has developed a local regional trade and trade with the nomads. It is spread among different religions. In the process of adding the urban culture of Turkic tribes to take an active part, living in the towns and oases of southern Kazakhstan, Zhetysu and Central Asia. Their culture is one of the summands in the early urban cultures around the Central-Kazakhstan region. The local features of urban culture in the south of Kazakhstan and south-west Zhetysu impose identity on the hill topography, urban housing, ceramic, ideology in each of these areas and the entire area as a whole.
16) Aqtaban Shubirindi – the Great Retreat. The struggle of a Kazakh people with Zhonghar invasion in XVII-XVIII centuries.
Aqtaban Shubirindi – the Great Retreat. The great threat to the Kazakhs was the rise of the Kalmyk state in the east, which by 1630 contained western Mongolia, the Ile River region, and part of eastern and southeastern Kazakhstan (the eastern portion of Semirech’e). In the early part of the seventeen century the Kalmyks, pastoral nomads of Mongol stock, began migratind in seazable numbers into the lands just east of the Kazakhs. Attracted by the goods traded in the Syr Darya cities, they began periodically to attack the cities as well as the Kazakh population whose herds grazed on the periphery. The economic balance of the steppe was quickly upset; the number of caravans crossing the Kazakh steppe was sharply reduced. The decline of trade in Syr Darya cities led the Kazakhs to the cities of Mawarannahr for their goods, which they raided when their attempts at conquest failed. The major east-west trade routs had moved; the relative isolation of Central Asia forced all the constituent states and peoples to vie for the limited economic resources available.
The Great Retreat started in 1723 when the Kalmyks crossed the Karatau to take control of the Talas valley. The Kazakhs were caught by surprise as they prepared to leave their winter campsites and fled, leaving most of their possessions and livestock. During their subsequent campaign, 1723-1725, the Kalmyks quickly captured the Syr Darya River basin from Yasi to Tashkent, forcing the Kazakhs to flee from their ancestral pasturelands. The Kalmyks continued to absorbed the territory; in 1728 they took over the land around Lake Tengiz, so posing a direct threat to Chimkent in the south. They also took control over Lake Balkhash and the lands of the Small and Middle Hordes in central Kazakhstan. By that time it was evident that without Russian assistance the Kazakhs couldn’t resist to the aggressive Kalmyks. In 1731 Abu’l Khayr, with his sons and deputies, swore their loyalty to the Russian empress. This action marked the end of an independent Kazakh state.