МЕТ_1к_1ч

Unit 2

THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE QUIZ

1. How many words do you think there are in the English language? a) 70,000 b) 170,000 c) 500,000 d) 2 million+

2.The following English words come from other languages. Can you guess which language they are borrowed from?

3.The majority of English words fall into a small number of types of words. These are called word classes. Name the word classes in this table. The first one has been done for you.

4. The American English word 'zucchini' means what in Standard British English? a) beet b) courgette c) radish d) spring onion e) garlic

5.After the Battle of Hastings in 1066 what language was spoken by the Royal Court and the ruling class?

a) Latin b) German c) English d) French e) Swedish

8.According to the U.S. Census, how many languages are spoken in the United States?

Unit 3

WHAT'S YOUR BRAIN POWER?

Try to solve these problems with a partner. 1. How many squares do you see?

2.When my mother was 41 years old, I was 9. Now she is twice as old as I am. How old am I?

3.How can you make four 9's equal 100?

4.Can you make eight 8's equal 1000?

5.You go to bed at 8 o'clock in the evening and set the alarm to get up at 9 in the morning. How many hours of sleep would this allow you?

6.One month has 28 days. Of the remaining 11 months, how many have 30 days?

7.Why can't a man living in New York, N.Y. be buried west of the Mississippi?

8.If you stand on a hard marble floor how can you drop a raw egg five feet without breaking its shell?

9.Two fathers and two sons shot three deer. Yet each took home one deer. How was that possible?

10.How many times can you subtract the numeral 2 from the numeral 24?

11.A farmer has 4 7/9 haystacks in one corner of the field and 5 2/9 haystacks in another corner of his field. If he puts them all together, how many haystacks will he have?

12.You won a prize in a contest and could choose either a truckload of nickels or half a trucktoad of dimes. Which would you choose? (Both trucks are identical in size and shape.)

13.You are sitting in a room with 12 friends. Can any of them seat themselves in any particular place in this room where it would be impossible for you to do so?

242

14.After a woman was blindfolded, a man hung up her hat. She walked 50 feet, turned around, and shot a bullet through her hat. How was she able to do this?

nickel: coin of the U.S. and Canada worth 5 cents

dime: coin of the U.S. and Canada worth 10 cents, smaller in size than a nickel

Unit 4

The questions below are all taken from the different IQ tests and each is aimed at examining one of the 7 basic skills (to find out what these basic skills are you need to look through the text Parts of an IQ Test below). First, try to find the solutions and then define which skill is being examined in each case.

1. Which of the figures, you think best fits the series below?

2.If NEW YORK can be encrypted as PGYAQTM, how can you code the word CHARLOTTE?

A.EICSNPVVG

B.EJCTNQVVG

C.EICTNPVVF

D.EJCSMPVVG

3.The day after the day after tomorrow is four days before Monday. What day is it today?

A.Monday

B.Tuesday

C.Wednesday

D.Thursday

E.Friday

4.Forest is to tree as tree is to ...............?

A.plant

B.leaf

C.branch

D.mangrove

5.Rearrange the following letters to make a word and choose the category in which it fits. "FADLOFDI"

A.city

B.fruit

C.flower

243

D. vegetable

6. Identify the pair, one word from each group, that is closest in meaning (match

7. If 10 people can do a piece of work in 5 days, working 2 hours a day, how long will 2 people take to do the same work, working 5 hours a day?

A.8

B.5

C.10

D.12

8.Which number should come next in this series? 10, 17, 26, 37, ?

A.46

B.52

C.50

D.56

9.Pick out the odd diagram?

10. Select the figure that is missing from the collection below:

244

11. Choose the odd one out.

Unit 5

A FAMOUS PUZZLER'S LOGIC

Lewis Carroll, the author of the famous children's book, "Alice in Wonderland", earned his living as a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford, and was also extremely interested in puzzles. The ones that follow are taken from his book "Symbolic Logic".

Draw conclusions from the statements made. Write down the answers. Make sure you have written a proper sentence.

A

1.Babies are illogical;

2.Nobody is despised who can manage a crocodile;

3.Illogical persons are despised.

В

1.My saucepans are the only things I have that are made of tin;

2.I find all your presents useful;

3.None of my saucepans is of the slightest use.

C

1.No potatoes of mine, that are new, have been boiled;

2.All my potatoes in this dish are fit to eat;

3.No unboiled potatoes in this dish are fit to eat.

D

1.Everyone who is sane can do logic;

2.No lunatics are fit to serve on a jury;

3.None of your sons can do logic.

E

1.No experienced person is incompetent;

2.Jenkins is always blundering;

3.No competent person is always blundering.

F

1.No one takes in The Times unless he is well-educated;

2.No hedge-hogs can read;

3.Those who cannot read are not well-educated.

G

1.All puddings are nice;

2.This dish is a pudding;

3.No nice things are wholesome.

245

H

1.All the old articles in this cupboard are cracked;

2.No jug in this cupboard is new;

3.Nothing in this cupboard, that is cracked, will hold water. blundering: making clumsy mistakes

wholesome: good for you

Unit 6

PURE LOGIC

By now you should be able to answer this quiz easily! Work with a partner. Do you know any similar problems of logic? If so, write them down and try them out on a partner.

1.In a certain African village there live 800 women. Three per cent of them are wearing one earring. Of the other 97 per cent, half are wearing two earrings, half are wearing none. How many earrings altogether are being worn by the women?

2.A logician with some time to kill in a small town decided to have his hair cut. The town only had two barbers, each with his own shop. The logician glanced into one shop and saw that it was extremely untidy. The barber needed a shave, his clothes were unkempt, his hair was badly cut. The other shop was extremely neat. The barber was freshly shaved and spotlessly dressed, his hair neatly trimmed. The logician returned to the first shop for his haircut. Why?

3.A secretary types four letters to four people and addresses the four envelopes. If she inserts the letters at random, each in a different envelope, what is the probability that exactly three letters will go into the right envelopes?

4.If you took three apples from a basket that held 13 apples, how many apples would you have?

5.If nine thousand, nine hundred and nine pounds is written as £9,909, how should twelve thousand, twelve hundred and twelve pounds be written?

6.A chemist discovered that a certain chemical reaction took 80 minutes when he wore a tweed jacket. When he was not wearing the jacket, the same reaction always took an hour and 20 minutes. Explain.

7.A customer in a restaurant found a dead fly in his coffee. He sent the waiter back for a fresh cup. After a sip he shouted, "This is the same cup of coffee I had before!" How did he know?

8."I guarantee," said the pet-shop salesman, "that this parrot will repeat every word it hears." A customer bought the parrot but found it would not speak a single word. Nevertheless, the salesman told the truth. Can you explain?

246

Unit 7

NUMBER & MATH PLAY

ROMAN VALUES

What is the second to the largest number and the second to the smallest number that you can make if you have one each of the following Roman numerals?

I V L X

TIME PUZZLE

Two hours ago, it was as many hours after one o'clock in the afternoon as it was before one o'clock in the morning.

What time is it now?

WHAT'S YOUR SIGN?

In the equation below, replace each question mark with one of the four mathematical signs: +,-, ×, or ÷. Each sign can be used only once. Fill in the blanks to solve the equation. (Hint: the first sign is +.)

7 ? 5 ? 4 ? 7 ? 6 = 15

WHERE'S THE FRUIT JUICE?

A catering company sells large containers of iced tea and large containers of fruit juice. Right now the company has six containers, each holding the following amounts:

Container A: 30 quarts Container B: 32 quarts Container C: 36 quarts Container D: 38 quarts Container E: 40 quarts Container F: 62 quarts

Five of the containers hold iced tea, and one container holds fruit juice.

Two customers come into the shop. The first customer buys two containers of iced tea. The second customer buys twice as much tea as the first customer. Which container is holding the fruit juice?

CATS & DOGS

All of Jenny's pets are dogs except one. All of her pets are cats except one. How many cats and dogs does Jenny have?

247

Unit 8

NUMBERS QUIZ

Each question below contains some numbers plus the initials of words of a clue to a well-known fact or phrase. Find the missing words that apply to the number.

Example: 7 = D in a W Answer − 7 Days in a Week

248

Appendix 12: SCRIPTS

Unit 1

STUDIES AND DEGREES IN GREAT BRITAIN

Courses in sciences are offered by most universities. There are 45 universities in Britain.

Some of them are very old such as Oxford and Cambridge date from the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Most of the universities were founded in the 19th or 20th centuries. They concentrate on technology although they also offer a number of courses in social studies, modern languages and other non-technological subjects. About 45 percent of full-time universities in Great Britain take arts or social studies courses and 41 percent science and technology; about 10 percent study medicine and the remainder agriculture, forestry, veterinary, architecture and country planning.

University degree courses generally extend over three or four years, though in medicine five or six years are required. The first degree in Bachelor is awarded on the competition, depending on satisfactory examination results. Further study or research is required at the modern Universities for the degree of Master. Actual degree titles vary according to the practice of each Universities.

University teaching combines lectures, practical classes (in scientific subjects) and small group teaching in either seminars or tutorials.

Most of members of the academic staffs devote time to research and at all universities there are postgraduate students engaged in research.

Unit 2

LINGUA FRANCA: MANY LANGUAGES FOR MANY DIFFERENT

ROLES

The definition of lingua franca accepted by most sources is a common language used by people who normally speak other languages. While the words actually mean 'Frankish language', from the Italian language, the concept is much older than Italian, or even Latin.

Before the rise of Rome, Greek was the language of educated men, from the philosophers of Greece to Alexander the Great. Because Alexander conquered most of the 'known' world, most important documents were copied in Greek, even if they were written in other countries.

As the Roman Empire began to conquer the world, Latin spread where ever the legions went. For a while, educated Roman citizens had their children taught by Greek tutors, and even after the fall of Rome to barbarians in the fifth century, the Byzantine Empire, which saw itself as the surviving Rome, kept Greek alive as an essential language.

249

Latin, however, had spread far beyond where Greek had gone, and as the language of the Catholic church, stayed of primary importance. Monasteries had precious libraries of Latin scrolls and then books, and it was the language of scholarship. When universities were established in the middle ages, the men of many countries who attended them were taught in Latin, and they wrote the fruits of their scholarship in Latin as well. Even today, Latin is not only the lingua franca of the Catholic church, but is the official language of the Vatican.

Arabic was a lingua franca among the countries in the Islamic Empire, till the fall of the Ottoman Empire, and was used by all those who traded with the Islamic Empire. It is still the lingua franca of the Mid East. Arabic is also a language gaining in use on the Internet.

Early in the 20th century, English became the language which most scientific research was published, although many papers continued to be published in the native language of the scientist as well. Now, to get cataloged internationally, a paper needs to be available in English, whatever the native language of the scientist.

Rebecca Scudder

Unit 3

HUMAN BRAIN VS. THE COMPUTER

The human brain and the computer are often compared to one another because they can both perform many similar tasks.

__ Both the brain and a computer use electricity in order to send signals. However, the electricity sent through the brain is based solely on the wiring of the computer, while the human brain uses chemicals like sodium and potassium to transmit electrical signals. The computer powered only by electricity, while the brain requires an assortment of vitamins and minerals in order to continue functioning.

__ Computers can continue to store memories as long as more RAM is added. The information never goes away unless the data is damaged or corrupted in some way. The computer also stores information in a more organized way than the human brain. Also, the memory never changes. However, the human brain sometimes fails to store information, struggles to locate buried information, loses information and sometimes remembers things incorrectly.

__ The human brain adapts to new circumstances and learns new ideas more quickly than the computer, since many new tasks for a computer have to be coded and sometimes must have new hardware developed in order to correspond with the task. However, a computer can manage several tasks simultaneously without error, while some people struggle to walk and chew bubble gum at the same time. The computer can perform calculations faster than the human brain, although the brain has the ability to interpret information, come up with new ideas and be imaginative.

250