Тема 2. Россия в «Эпоху дворцовых переворотов».

Persian campaign (1722-1724 rr.)

1724 - Peace Treaty by Persia: Accession to Russia of the western and southern coasts of the Caspian

PLAN

1. "The era of palace coups": from Catherine I to Paul I.

2. Catherine II and the policy of "enlightened absolutism": basic reforms, character and contradictions.

PROBLEM OF THE FIRST QUESTION:

1. List the main reforms of Anna Ioannovna, Elizabeth Petrovna, Peter III.

2. Paul I - the law of succession to the throne.

PROBLEM OF THE SECOND QUESTION:

1. The coming to power of Catherine II.

2. Reforms of Catherine II.

Structural and chronological schemes

1.

Peter Alekseevich (the Great) І 1682-1725.

The first palace coup took place in 1725.

By the time of his death, Peter I did not

have time to express his WILL about the

heir to the throne. This was the REASON

for the era of palace coups.

the fall of Menshikov; the influence of the Dolgoruky; - died of smallpox.

Екатерина I

(жена Петра I)

(1725-1727)

Private Privy Council - MTC (7 people) (Menshikov, Osterman);

- the right to report at Menshikov; will in favor of Peter's grandson

1 - Peter II.

Петр II Алежести

(онук Петра 1)

(1727 - 1730)

- ВТС - offers to sign conditions,

- breaks conditions, elimination -

The Supreme Privy Council

- Bironovschina;

- the Cabinet of Ministers is created;

- creation of the Secret Chancellery;

the Decree on single inheritance is canceled -

estates are recognized as the property of nobles

Gentry corps-attributed

children of dboryan from birth to adulthood became officers

- the term of the noble service was reduced

up to 25 years old;

- the pogos got the right

impose punishment for the escape of peasants

Анна Иоанновна (племянница Петра I) (1730-1740)

Иван VI Антонович (внучатый племянник Анны) (1740-1741)

overthrow of Birok;

-regent-mother Anna Leopoldovna-dominance of the Germans in the country;

- inability to deal with the affairs of the state

overthrown by the Preobrazhensky grenadier company shelf.

led a palace coup,

- restoration of Peter's traditions -

reinstated the Senate and others

Peter's institutions, - the time of the Baroque - splendor, endless entertainment;

-1749 - tax reform;

- 1753 - abolition of internal customs;

1754 - creation of 2 banks

- Noble and Merchant; 1756/63

- Seven Years War with Prussia;

- the right of nobles to exile peasants to Siberia: -1755 - the opening of the Moscow the university

abolished the Secret Chancellery; - decree on religious tolerance; - 1762 - Manifesto of Liberty

the nobility - allowed not to serve and travel abroad, to give children home education; - secularization of church lands in

benefit of the state;

peace with Prussia: - introduced a tiresome German drill and uniform into the army

Екатерина II (жена Петра I II) (1762-1796)

came to power as a result of the overthrow of Peter III;

- The era of "enlightened absolutism";

-1783 - accession of Crimea to Russia

Павел I (сын Екатерины II) (1796-1801)

-1797 - Decree on succession to the throne - from father to son (only in the male line);

- the department of appanages was formed, which ruled over the imperial lands;limited the validity of the Charter to the nobility;

- 1797 - Manifesto on the three-day corvee; - foreign policy: an alliance with England, Austria against France, which seized Malta; after the occupation of Malta by England, entered into an alliance with France killed in a coup d'état

2.

-1764 - seculars of ecclesiastical lands, peresi in the rank of state,-1764 - abolition of the hetmanate in Ukraine

-1767 - 68 - Ulozhennya removed - Catherine writes the Order: presumptuousness; only the court determines a person's pogu: everyone is equal before the law - does not work - is dissolved;

--1773 - introduced for thermal damage;

-1775 Constipation Sich - most of the kako peresi to the Kuban

-1775 - provincial reform - headed by the governor: -1785 - Certificate of honor to the nobility “Certificate of Appreciation to Cities.

Education reform

-organization of the Free Economic

opening of the Hermitage. Public library, -Introduction of the classroom-lesson system; -development of women's education - the Catherine School and the Smolny Institute for Noble Maidens; 1765 - competition in the Free Economic Society; -journal polemic with N.I. Novikov, - permission to create private printing houses.

State reforms

Тopic 3.. Domestic and foreign policy during the reign of Alexander I.

PLAN

1. Russia in the first half of the 19th century. Reforms of Alexander I.

2. Patriotic War of 1812.

3. Movement of the Decembrists: the main organizations and their programs;

PROBLEM OF THE FIRST QUESTION:

1. The first stage of the reforms of Alexander I.

2. Activity of M.М. Speransky and his draft plan for the state transformation of Russia.

3. Reforms of Alexander I after the Patriotic War of 1812.

PROBLEM OF THE SECOND QUESTION:

1. Causes and course of the Patriotic War of 1812.

2. Foreign campaign of the Russian army in 1813-1814. and the Congress of Vienna 1814-1815.

PROBLEM OF THE SECOND QUESTION:

1. What secret organizations appeared in Russia after 1815?

2. Software installations of secret societies in Russia.

3. Reasons for the defeat of the Decembrist uprising.

Structural and chronological schemes1.