Board of Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov

The rebellious age: the salt revolt boyar Morozov /, the copper revolt Zemsky Sobor 1649: reforming the legal system

state, introduction of serfdom -installed

indefinite search for fugitive peasants:

... Nikon's reform: a split in the Orthodox Church

Module II. Russian Empire from Peter I to Alexander II (XVIII - mid-XIX centuries).

Topic 1. Russia in the XVIII. The reign of Peter I.

PLAN

1. Reforms of Peter the Great.

2. The place of Peter's reforms in the history of Russia.

3. Foreign policy of Peter the Great.

PROBLEM OF THE FIRST QUESTION:

1. The role of the reforms of Peter I in the modernization of Russia?

2. Reforms of Peter I in the economy, politics, culture and everyday life?

PROBLEM OF THE SECOND QUESTION:

1. Results of Peter's transformations. Have they brought Russia closer to Europe?

2. Scientific assessment of the reforms of Peter I. What is more: positive or negative consequences?

PROBLEM OF THE THIRD QUESTION:

1. Why did Russia need to enter the European arena?

2. The significance for Russia of the "western" and "eastern" directions of foreign policy.

3. What are the results of the Northern War? Have they influenced the international position of Russia?

Structural and chronological schemes

1.

1. Accession of Peter

NATALIA NARYSHKINA

MARIA MILOSLIVSKAYA

I ALEXEI MIKHAILOVICH 1645 - 1676

Azov campaigns - 1697, 1698;

- The Great Embassy - 1697 - 1698;

- Strelets uprising - 1698 ("Morning of the Strelets' execution")

FEDOR (1676 - 1682) - decree about abolition of parochialism;

SOFIA (1682 - 1689) - regent;

IVAN V (1682 - 1696) - - not capable - daughters Anna and

Ekaterina (her daughter Anna Leopoldovna)

PETER 1 (1682 - 1725)

1682 - Strelets uprising -

-Peter I are proclaimed tsars

Ivan V, regent Sophia;

-The overthrow of Sophia in 1689

GOVERNANCE REFORM:

Boyar Duma ceases to exist;

1711 - creation of the SENATE (headed by the Prosecutor General);

1722 - the position of the prosecutor is introduced - supervision over the observance of the rule of law in country;

1718 - 1721 - Creation of collegia (headed by the chief prosecutor);

CHURCH REFORM:

- 1721 - the abolition of the patriarchate;

- Permission to violate the secrecy of confession in cases of state crimes,

Creation of the Spiritual College (SINOD)

The church became an element of the state system

Clothing reform by western version:

Reform of the calendar from the date of

Nativity of Christ Decree to shave beards

REFORMS OF LIVING

EMPEROR

SCHEME OF THE ABSOLUTE MONARCH AND

CEHAT

COLLEGES

ORDER ABOUT THE HERESTONES AND THE DEALS OF Tsarevich Alexei)

PROVINCE REFORM:

The country was divided into provinces - Bo headed by the governor:

on the provinces - at the head of the voivode: to the counties-headed by the zemstvo commissar

Waging wars - claimed the lives of many people; Strengthening of serfdom;

Formation of a "police state" that strictly regulates all aspects of life;

The accession of the church - it became completely dependent on the state, ceased to be the intercessor of the humiliated and oppressed; The strongest bureaucratic system has been created;

Having destroyed his own identity, he could not instill the western one.

The personality of Peter is the personality of the reformer:raised the country's prestige in the international arena;

Development of education, science, technology;

Strengthening central government, strengthening statehood

Westerners - highly appreciated the reforms of Peter. We brought Rossio closer to world civilizations. He opened a "window to Europe", bringing Russia closer to Western countries. Reforms are a big step towards progress.

Slavophiles - negatively assessed the reforms of Peter the Great. They violate the identity of Russia. They destroyed traditions, but they never brought them to the Western ones. Conservation of the feudal-serf system.

2.

European direction

FOREIGN POLICY OF PETER I

3.

Northern War (1700 – 1721)

1700-Narva embarrassment; 1709-Poltava b / v defeat of the Swedes:

1714 Gangutskoe battle: 1721battle at Grengam. marine islands NISHTAD PEACE TREATY

The Great Embassy About Peter I went to Europe - to find the ALLY P / BTurkey; Ho! FoundALLIES n / a

Sweden is created

Northern Union

Asian direction

Prut campaign (1710-1711 rr.)

Loss to Russia: -received Turkey

tore down the fortifications of Taraspora

Azovskne hiking (1695-1696 rr.)

I campaign is unsuccessful,

I hike-taking