5.Выучите необходимые для понимания темы слова.

Framework – каркас

excavation – котлован

brick – кирпич

soil – почва

sinking – проседание, осадка

load – нагрузка

to meet requirement – отвечать требованию

sufficient strength – достаточная прочность

basement – подвал

attic – чердак

solid – цельный,

hollow – полый, пустотелый

loadbearing (non-loadbearing) – несущий нагрузку (не несущий нагрузку)

partition – перегородка

to enclose – ограждать

firmness – жесткость

slate – шифер, черепица

tile – плитка

6.Найдите соответствия английским фразам из приведенных русских фраз.

Monolithic concrete	Dead load
Live load	Meet requirements
Sufficient strength	Sound insulation
Fire resistance	To be liable to
Basement floors	Attic floors
To serve as partitions	Bearing members
Waterproof covering	Водостойкое покрытие
Быть подверженным	Достаточная прочность
Отвечать требованиям	Монолитный бетон
Огнестойкость	Служить в качестве перегородки
Несущие элементы	Чердачные перекрытия
Переменная нагрузка	Постоянная нагрузка
Подвальные перекрытия	Звукоизоляция

7.Прочитайте и переведите текст. Какая часть здания, на ваш взгляд, наиболее важна? Почему? Попытайтесь объяснить по-английски.

TEXT: PARTS OF A BUILDING

A building consists of foundation and framework. To build a house first the excavation must be dug. Then the foundation is constructed. The foundation is the lowest part of the structure. It is usually made of monolithic concrete or bricks. It keeps the walls and floors from contact with the soil, supports the framework and prevents the building from sinking.

The stability of the structure depends upon the framework. It carries the load from the roof and floors.

Floors divide a building into stories and carry the dead load and the live load. According to the design floors are classified as basement floors, upper floors and attic floors. They should meet some requirements: sufficient strength, good sound insulation, fire resistance. Timber floors are liable to fire, rot and are not so durable. Reinforced concrete floors are not liable to fire, they are strong, durable and economical.

Walls may be constructed as of solid or hollow type. They are made of wood, brick, stone, concrete, reinforced concrete. As to the function there are loadbearing and non-loadbearing walls (partitions). Therefore, the function of the walls is to enclose areas, to resist loads from the floors or to serve as partitions inside the building.

A roof is the topmost part of a building. It covers the building and protects it, ties the walls and gives strength and firmness to the structure. It consists of bearing members and of waterproof covering. Slates and tiles are largely used as coverings because they are fire- and water-resistant, non-conductors of heat, durable and economical.

All parts of a building are very important and should meet fire requirements.