V. Read the text about Khaled Saleh. He is a technician in a big oil company. Where is he now?

1. the USA the UAE plant

inside outside control room

It’s my Job

Hi. My name is Khaled. I am from the UAE - that’s the United Arab Emirates. I am a technician with an oil company here. I like my job because every day is different.

Today I am in a team of five technicians at a new plant. One man is inside in the control room, and I’m outside with the other three men. One man is from the US, and two are from India. We are from different countries, but we all speak English. We use radios to speak to the man in the control room.

Most people in the company are Emirati, but there are many other nationalities too – American, British, Canadian, Egyptian, Indian, and many more. I like meeting foreign people and practicing my English.

2. Answer the questions.

1. Why does he like his job?

2. Is he inside or outside today?

3. How many technicians are in his team?

4. How many men are outside with him?

5. Where are they from?

6. How do they speak to the control room?

7. What nationalities are there in the company?

VI. Read about the uk. Is your country similar or different?

Some countries have a national oil company (NOC), but there isn’t a NOC in the UK. There are three other kinds of employer:

1. Operating companies. These are IOCs (international oil companies) with famous names like Shell, Aramco, and Exxon Mobil. They operate the wells and plants. There are smaller operating companies too.

2. Drilling companies. The operating companies usually employ drilling companies for drilling wells. Some are foreign companies.

3. Service companies supply equipment and technical services to the other companies. They also do special work, such as underwater work. There are a lot of service companies.

You can find a job with all these companies in newspapers, government job centres, and on the Internet.

VII. Read the text and do the tasks. Upstream and Downstream

The oil and gas industry has two sectors the upstream sector and the downstream sector. Workers in the upstream sector find and produce crude oil and gas. Workers in the downstream sector produce useful things from crude oil, like fuel for cars and planes.

How do oil companies find oil and gas? The first step is exploration. Scientists study rocks and do scientific tests. They look for rocks that can hold hydrocarbons.

What are hydrocarbons? Oil and gas are made of hydrogen (H) and carbon (C). So we call them hydrocarbons.

Do scientists find hydrocarbons? No, they don’t. They choose a good place for the next step: drilling. Drillers drill a well, and they sometimes find hydrocarbons.

Does production start immediately after drilling? No. First the company does more tests and asks: “How much oil is there?” and “Are there any problems?” If the results of the tests are good, they go to the next step: development.

What does development mean? It means they prepare for production. For example they build a pipeline to transport the oil.

How long does development take? From a few weeks to many years. Then production starts. Crude oil and/or gas flow from the well and along the pipeline.

1. Match the bold words with the explanations a-f.

a) petrol/gasoline and diesel oil, for example

b) oil under the ground, usually dark brown

c) bring out or make

d) parts of an industry

e) the part that gets oil and gas out of the ground

f) the part that makes and sells useful products

2. Complete the four steps in this chain:

1. __________→ Possible hydrocarbons?→Yes. 2.___________→ Hydrocarbons?→Yes. →Go to next step?→Yes. → 3.____________→ 4.___________.

3. Answer the questions about the text.

1. What do scientists try to find?

2. Do drillers always find hydrocarbons?

3. What do companies do before development?

4. Why do they build pipelines?