X. Complete the sentences using variants (a) or (b).

1. A bulldozer is a pendant attachment mounted

a) on a crawler tractor

b) on crawler and wheel tractors

2. In laying a roadbed bulldozers are employed

1. to remove bushes, stumps and small trees

2. to remove snow from motor roads

3. At storage depot and construction site bulldozers

1. push soil from cuts to spoil banks

2. transport, pile and load loose materials

4. In cable bulldozers the blade is raised and lowered by

1. a hydraulic cylinder

2. a cable hoist system

5. In hydraulic bulldozers the hydraulic cylinders are supplied with working fluid

1. by a mechanically operated pump

2. by a pump under pressure

XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.

1. In winter-time bulldozers … to remove snow from motor-roads.

2. Bulldozers … cuts to a depth of up to 3 metres.

3. Bulldozers … on low-pressure air-tyred tractors.

4. A universal blade … the earth forward and aside.

5. Bulldozers mounted on low-pressure air-tyred tractors … more popular.

6. The blade of a bulldozer … by a cable hoist system.

XII. Fill in the preposition. Translate the sentences.

1. The efficiency … bulldozers … a number … jobs is high.

2. Bulldozers are classified …the type … carrying vehicle.

3. Cable hoist system is driven … a winch mounted … the tractor.

4. A pendant attachment is mounted …a crawler or wheel tractor.

5. In fixed-blade bulldozers the blade is perpendicular … the longitudinal axis …the tractor.

6. In universal blade bulldozers the blade can be set … angles to cast dirt … either side.

XIII. Express agreement or disagreement with the following statements. Use the expressions: “I think so”, I don`t think so”.

1. As far as I remember a universal blade can push the earth forward and aside.

2. I think a universal blade cannot shape an earth bed.

3. It is said that bulldozers mounted on low-pressure air-tyred tractors are becoming more popular.

4. I think that in fixed-blade bulldozers the blade is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the machine.

5. As far as I remember a bulldozer is a pendant attachment mounted on crawler and wheel tractors.

6. It seems to me that bulldozers cannot erect fills to a height of up to 3 meters.

7. It is proved that bulldozers can erect fills and dig cuts to a height or to a depth of up to three meters.

8. In my opinion in hydraulic bulldozers the blade is operated by hydraulic cylinders.

XIV. Make up questions according to the model using the words given below.

Model 1. What is a bulldozer ?

a jack

a hoist

a load moment

Model 2.What can you say about the use of bulldozers ?

multi-bucket loaders

single-bucket loaders

tower cranes

self-powered jib cranes

XV. Ask questions on the underlined words.

1. A bulldozer coupled with other machines can be used for auxiliary jobs.

2. By the type of carrying vehicle there are two types of bulldozers.

3.Bulldozers mounted on low-pressure air-tyred tractors have the same cross country capacity as crawler-mounted machines.