- •М.Г. Кочнева строительные и дорожные машины
- •Рецензенты:
- •I. Read the following words and translate them into Russian:
- •II. Read the following numbers:
- •III. Learn the following information about the Infinitive:
- •IV. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •V. Learn the following words.
- •VI. Find the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •VII. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Participle and the Gerund.
- •VIII. Read the following text.
- •IX. Find the proper function to the following handling equipment mechanisms.
- •X. Complete the sentences using variants (a), (b) or (c).
- •XI. Replace the underlined words by their synonyms given below.
- •XII. Make up sentences according to the scheme:
- •It is interesting to note that a… b
- •XIII. Make up questions according to the models using the words given below:
- •2.What are jacks used for?
- •XV. Read, translate and retell the following text using the introductory phrases:
- •XVI. Translate into English.
- •XVII. Retell the text according to the following scheme.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 2 lesson two
- •I. Read the following words. [au] [qu] - tower, counterweight, thousand, mounted, lower, slower, flow. But: group [grHp]
- •II. Learn the following words.
- •III. Find the equivalents to the following English terms.
- •IV. Find the correct equivalents to the English word combinations.
- •V. Learn the following model and the information about the Infinitive.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •VII. Read and translate the following text.
- •Tower cranes
- •Fig. 4. Tower cranes
- •IX. Connect the sentences according to the contents.
- •X. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XII. Fill in the prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XIII. Make up questions with words given below using the models. Answer them.
- •2. How are tower cranes classified ?
- •XIV. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XV. Read, translate and retell the text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 3 lesson three
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •V. Find the equivalents using variants (a) or (b).
- •VI. Learn the following models and the information about the Complex
- •VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject and the Complex Object.
- •VIII. Read and translate the following text.
- •IX. Make up sentences using the scheme. Translate them into Russian.
- •X. Connect the sentences according to the contents.
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XII. Fill in the prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XIII. Use the Complex Subject and the Complex Object instead of complex sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •XIV. Make up questions with the words given below using the models:
- •2. Where are self-powered jib cranes used ?
- •XV. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XVI. Read and retell the text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVII. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 4 lesson four
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Form nouns from the following verbs by means of the suffix “tion”.
- •III. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the Russian equivalents to the following English terms.
- •V. Find the English equivalents to the following Russian words.
- •VI. Translate the following word combinations into Russian.
- •VII. Learn the following information about the Gerund.
- •VIII. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the Gerund.
- •IX. Read and translate the following text.
- •X. Connect the following parts of sentences using variants a and b.
- •XI. Complete the following sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •XII. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •XIII. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XIV. Fill in the gaps with prepositions. Translate the sentences.
- •XV. Express your doubt using expression: “Is it really so?” (Это на самом деле так?) Ask a general question.
- •XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Learn the following words:
- •III. Find the correct equivalents to the English terms.
- •IV. Find the English equivalents to the following Russian words:
- •V. Learn the information about the translation of the verb “to be”.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verb “to be”.
- •VII. Read and translate the following text.
- •VIII. Connect the following sentences according to the contents.
- •IX. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the
- •Infinitive, the Complex Subject and the Complex Object.
- •X. Insert the verbs in the proper forms. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Fill in the prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XII. Make up questions with the given terms using the model.
- •2. What are the basic elements of a belt conveyor?
- •XIII. Express your agreement or disagreement with following statements.
- •XIV. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XV. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVI. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 6 lesson six
- •I.Read the following words.
- •II. Form adjectives by means of suffix “able”.
- •III. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the equivalents to the following English terms.
- •V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •VI. Learn the following models and the information about Participle II.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Participle II.
- •VIII. Read and translate the following text.
- •IX. Complete the following sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •X. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Infinitive and the Complex Subject.
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XII. Fill in the prepositions. Translate the sentences.
- •XIII. Express agreement or disagreement with the following statements.
- •XIV. Ask questions on the underlined words:
- •XV. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 7 lesson seven
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Mind the stress.
- •III. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the equivalents to he following English terms:
- •V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms:
- •VI. Translate into Russian using variants.
- •VII. Learn the following information about «that».
- •IX. Read and translate the following text.
- •X. Complete the sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XII. Fill in the preposition. Translate the sentences.
- •XIII. Express agreement or disagreement with the following statements. Use the expressions: “I think so”, I don`t think so”.
- •XIV. Make up questions according to the model using the words given below.
- •XV. Ask questions on the underlined words.
- •XVI. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XVII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVIII. Read and retell the following text using introductory phrases.
- •XIX. Learn the following dialogue.
- •V. Find the equivalents to the following terms.
- •VI. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •VII. Make up sentences according to the scheme.
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verb “should”.
- •IX. Read and translate the following text.
- •X. Make up sentences according to the scheme using the columns a and b.
- •XI. Complete the sentences using variant (a) or (b).
- •XVIII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XIX. Learn the following dialogue.
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Form nouns from adjectives by means of suffixes “-ity’и “ability”.
- •III. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the equivalents to the following English terms.
- •V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the translation of the verbs “to be”, “to have”.
- •VII. Use the Complex Subject and the Complex Object in the following sentences.
- •VIII. Read and translate the following text.
- •IX. Complete the following sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •X. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Fill in the necessary prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XV. Answer the following questions using some of the introductory phrases.
- •XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Урок 10 lesson ten
- •I. Read the following words.
- •II. Learn the following words.
- •IV. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •V. Learn the information about the word “most”.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the word “most”.
- •VII. Read and translate the following text.
- •VIII. Define the functions of the shovels.
- •IX. Complete the following sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •X. Use the Gerund instead of the Infinitive.
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XII. Fill in the necessary prepositions. Translate the sentences.
- •XVI. Answer the following questions using the introductory phrases.
- •XVII. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVIII. Read and retell the following texts using the introductory phrases.
- •XIX. Learn the following dialogue.
- •II. Read the following words paying attention to the endings.
- •III. Learn the information about Participle I.
- •IV. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Participle I.
- •V. Learn the following words.
- •VI. Find the equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •VII. Read and translate the following text.
- •VIII. Connect sentences according to the contents:
- •IX. Complete the sentences using variants (a) or (b).
- •X. Fill the gaps with prepositions.
- •XI. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences.
- •XIII. Answer the following questions.
- •XIV. Translate into English.
- •XV. Read, translate and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVI. Learn the following dialogue and make up your own dialogue about wheel excavators. Use the scheme of this dialogue.
- •1. Read the following words.
- •III. Form adverbs from the adjectives, translate them.
- •IV. Learn the following words.
- •V. Find the equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •VI. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Participle, the Gerund, the Infinitive, the Complex Subject, the Complex Object.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction.
- •VIII. Read and translate the following text.
- •IX. Connect the sentences according to the contents. Translate them.
- •X. Insert the verbs in the proper form. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XI. Fill in the necessary prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •XVI. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •XVII. Read and retell the following text using the introductory phrases.
- •XVIII. Learn the following dialogue.
- •Приложение
- •Supplementary reading
- •Суффиксы прилагательных и нареий
- •Cловарь
- •Open, V [`qupqn] открывать
- •Заключение
- •Библиографический список
- •Рекомендуемая литература
- •Оглавление
- •Маргарита григорьевна кочнева строительные и дорожные машины
- •394006 Воронеж, ул. 20-летия Октября, 84
I. Read the following words and translate them into Russian:
Mechanical, hydraulic, efficiency, structures, meter, tons, operation, channel, stopped, operated, construction, electric, friction, type.
II. Read the following numbers:
Example: 0.10 – ou point ten.
0.05 – ou point ou five.
0.15; 0.125; 0. 3; 0.25; 0.5; 0.1; 0.65; 0.08.
III. Learn the following information about the Infinitive:
Признак инфинитива - частица to. В функции подлежащего инфинитив переводится на русский язык или существительным, или глаголом. Например:
To prevent the oscillation of springs is the function of shock absorbers. Предотвратить тряску рессор - функция амортизаторов (или: Предотвращение тряски рессор – функция амортизаторов).
В предложениях типа:” It is necessary to note that brakes are the most important mechanisms on the car”- инфинитив переводится неопределенной формой глагола, а it не переводится. “Необходимо отметить, что тормоза являются самыми важными механизмами на машине”.
В функции обстоятельства инфинитив может стоять в начале или в середине предложения. На русский язык переводится: 1) придаточным предложением, которое вводится союзами “чтобы”, “для того чтобы”; 2)существительным с предлогом. Например:1. Brakes are necessary to slow or stop the car. Тормоза необходимы для того, чтобы замедлять или останавливать машину (или: для замедления и остановки машины).
2. To raise heavy structure several jacks are jointed together. Чтобы поднимать тяжелые грузы, несколько домкратов соединяются вместе.
IV. Translate into Russian paying attention to the Infinitive.
1.Brakes are necessary to slow or stop the car.
2. The body of the automobile is designed to contain and protect the engine and other car components and also to provide protection to the people riding in the car.
3. To prevent the oscillation of springs shock absorbers are used.
4. The frame is made to provide support for the engine, the body, the wheels and the power-train members.
5. To reduce friction between moving surfaces is the function of lubrication.
6. The frame is made extremely rigid to withstand shock blows.
7. The engine is insulated from the frame by rubber pads to prevent the noise.
V. Learn the following words.
1. Load lifting appliance [ q`plaiqns] - грузоподъемное приспособление
2. Jack [Gxk], n - домкрат
3. Screw jack [`skrH`Gxk] -винтовой домкрат
4. Rack-and-pinion jack [`rxk `qnd`pinjqn] - реечный домкрат
5. Gear drive [`giq`draiv] - зубчатая передача
6. Dangerous [`deinGqrqs], а - опасный
7. Raise [`reiz], v - поднимать
8. Rise [raiz], v - поднимать
9. Ratchet pawl [`rxCit`pLl] – храповой механизм
10. Release [rJ`lJs], v - ослаблять, разъединять
11. Efficiency [I`fiSqnsi], n - эффективность
12. Handle [hxndl], v - перемещать
13. Actuate [`xktueit], v - приводить в движение
14. Ram [rxm], n - плунжер
15. Fluid [`flHid], n - жидкость
16. Winch [winC], n - лебедка
17. Erect [I`rekt], v - монтировать
18. Pull [pHl], n - тяговая сила
19. Valve [vxlv], n - клапан, золотник
20. Rope drum [`rqup`drAm] - канатный барабан
21. V-belt drive [`vJ`belt`draiv] - клиноременная передача
22. Hoist [hoist], n - таль, подъемник
23. Lever [lJvq], n - рукоятка, рычаг
24. Pair of gear wheels [`pEq qv`giq`wJlz] - пара зубчатых колес
25. Fit freely [`fit`frJli] - свободно монтировать
26. Capable [`keipqbl] a - способный
27. Reciprocate [ri`siprqkeit] v - двигаться взад и вперед
28. Joint [GOint] v - соединять