Раздел 1 Второе занятие

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б) Прочитайте текст еще раз и составьте краткий реферат на английском язы­ке. (Бшголы-сказуемые — основное средство выражения информации.) Ис­пользуйте следующие речевые отрезки:

... briefly surveys...

... is wide...

... are monolithic IC and film circuits ...

... is an extension of...

... are made by forming ...

... are mounted side by side ..

... are combinations of...

Integrated Circuits

The potential of integrated circuits is so wide that in addition to replacing similar discrete component circuits they are responsible for creating a completely new technology of circuit design.

There are two basic approaches to modern microelectronics — monolithic integrated circuits and film circuits.

In monolithic ICs all circuit elements, active and passive, are simultaneously formed in a single small wafer of silicon. The ele­ments are interconnected by metallic stripes deposited onto the oxi­dized surface of the silicon wafer.

Monolithic IC technology is an extension of the diffused planar process. Active elements (transistors and diodes) and passive elements (resistors and capacitors) are formed in the silicon slice by diffusing impurities into selected regions to modify electrical characteristics, and where necessary to form p-n junctions. The various elements are designed so that all can be formed simultaneously by the same se­quence of diffusions.

Film circuits are made by forming the passive electronic com­ponent and metallic interconnections on the surface of an insulation substrate. Then the active semiconductor devices are added, usually ■n discrete wafer form. There are two types of film circuits, thin film ^and thick film.

In thin film circuits the passive components and interconnec­tion wiring are formed on glass or ceramic substrates, using evapora- !i⁰ⁿ techniques. The active components (transistors and diodes) are ^bricated as separate semiconductor wafers and assembled into the

circuit.