6. Запомните новые для вас слова:

acid ['xsId],adj - кислотный

chamber ['CeImbq], n - камера

damaged['dxmIGd],adj - поврежденный

discarded [dIs'kRdId], adj - выброшенный

encounter[In'kQuntq], v - встретиться

expel [Iks'pel], v – выводить, исключать

gasket [gxskIt], n - прокладка

injury['InGqrI], n – повреждение, травма

inverted[In'vWtId],adj - инвертированный

inverting[In'vWtIN],adj - инвертирующий

leaking['lJkIN],adj - протекающий

obsolete['ObsqlJt], adj - устаревший

7. Внимательно прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык:

TEXT: PRECAUTION MEASURES WITH DAMAGED EXTINGUISHERS

Leaking, corroded or other damaged extinguisher shells or cylinders should be discarded or returned to the manufacturer for repair. While operating damaged extinguishers it can result in serious injury to the user or people standing nearby. If an extinguisher shows only slight damage or corrosion it should be given a hydrostatic test by the manufacturer or a qualified testing agency. Leaking hoses, gaskets, nozzles and inner chambers can be replaced by firefighters.

Occasionally, firefighters encounter older fire extinguishers with which they are not familiar. These are often found in older buildings, particularly factories. In most cases, these extinguishers are no longer recommended for use. All obsolete extinguishers should be removed from service and replaced with new ones.

One of the most common obsolete extinguishers still found in service is the type designed to operate after being inverted. The inverting types include the following:

- The soda-acid extinguisher is the most common inverting-type extinguisher.

The pressure on an acid-corroded shell has exploded many soda-acid extinguishers.

- Inverting foam extinguishers have been replaced by stored-pressure AFFF

units described earlier.

- Cartridge-operated water extinguishers. The pressure of the gas released from the cartridge expels the water.

- Liquid carbon tetrachloride extinguishers have been obsolete since 1960s.

When carbon tetrachloride comes in contact with heat, it releases a highly toxic phosgene gas.

It is estimated that there are still several million of obsolete extinguishers in use. The disadvantages of these types include the following:

• they cannot be turned off once activated; the agent is corrosive; they are potentially dangerous, they can explode if the cylinder is damaged or corroded.

8. Подтвердите следующие суждения цитатами из текста:

1. Damaged extinguishers are dangerous for the user. 2. Some obsolete extinguishers are used today. 3. When subjected to heat, liquid carbon tetrachloride extinguishers are dangerous. 4. Some parts of the extinguisher can be replaced by firefighters.

9. Замените выделенные слова (а) их синонимами (b):

а) 1. Occasionally firefighters encounter older fire extinguishers. 2. If an extinguisher shows only slight damage or corrosion it should be given a hydrostatic test. 3. One of the most common obsolete extinguishers still found in service is the type designed to operate after being inverted. 4. All obsolete extinguishers should be removed from service. 5. It is estimated that there are still several million of obsolete extinguishers in use.

b) meet; pass; constructed; taken away; sometimes; usual; to work; service.

10. Переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие the Absolute Participle Construction (подлежащее + причастие):

Обратите внимание: Если этот оборот используется в начале предложения, то в зависимости от смысла начинайте перевод со слов «так как», «если», «когда», «после того, как», если этот оборот завершает предложение, то в переводе (на месте запятой) употребите «а», «и», «но», «причем».

1. Older fire extinguishers being often found in older buildings, they should be removed from service. 2. Chemical extinguishers do not need any special freeze. 3. Dry chemical extinguishers using nitrogen as the pressurizing gas, care should be taken on electrical fires. 4. Special extinguishing agents having been developed, the manufacturer’s recommendations should be taken into consideration.