Методическое пособие 485

3.The cradle of the first Russian fleet (Peter the Great, 200 ships).

4.The Great Patriotic War (defenders, the 25-th of January 1943; the Order of the Patriotic War).

5.Voronezh today (population, high-rise buildings, pattern of streets and squares).

6.The industry of the city (enterprises, aircrafts, earth-moving machines, car tyres, aluminium construction parts, presses, lathes, engines, steel bridges, mineral processing equipment).

7.The city of science (research institutions, higher educational establishments).

8.Cultural traditions of the city (theatres, museums, poetry, folk tales, songs).

4.3.CITY FACTS

The city is not a concrete jungle, it is a human zoo.

Desmond Morris, 1928 -, British biologist and writer

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Запомните английские пословицы, связанные с родными местами.

1.East or west home is best. – В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше. Восток ли, Запад ли, а дома лучше всего.

2.There is no place like home. - Нет места лучше, чем собственный дом.

3.Dry bread at home is better than roast meat abroad. – Дома сухой хлеб вкуснее, чем жареное мясо в гостях. Дома и стены помогают.

4.An Englishman’s home is his castle. – В чужой монастырь со своим уставом

не ходят. Дом англичанина – его крепость.

5.When at Rome, do as the Romans do. - Когда ты в Риме, делай так, как делают римляне. В чужом доме – не хозяин.

6.Practice makes perfect. - Повторение – мать учения. Золотые руки у того, кто обучался хорошо. Практика ведет к совершенству.

7.Rome was not built in a day. – Не сразу Москва строилась. Рим не был построен в один день.

8.Home is where the heart is. – Дом там, где ваше сердце.

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Закончите пословицы.

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ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Прочитайте текст и: a) выберите правильные утверждения о городе:

Ten Facts about Sao Paulo

1.It’s in the south of Brazil.

2.It’s a big city.

3.It isn’t the capital of Brazil. (Brasilia is the capital.)

4.It’s 75 kilometres from the sea.

5.In summer, the weather is hot and wet.

6.It’s famous for coffee!

7.The restaurants are good.

8.Sao Paulo and Corinthians are football clubs in the city. They’re famous in South America.

9.It isn’t a quiet city. In fact, it’s very noisy.

10.The buses aren’t expensive.

True or false:

a)1. It’s in Brazil.

2.It’s small.

3.It’s the capital of Brazil.

4.It isn’t in the north of Brazil.

5.The summers are dry.

6.The football clubs aren’t famous in South America.

b)напишите 10 фактов, связанных с вашим родным городом (деревней).

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Прочитайте текст и вставьте слова: England, famous, gardens, population, students

Cambridge

Cambridge is a famous university city in the UK. It’s in the east of … , 80 kilometres north of London. It’s a small city with a … of 110,000. Cambridge is a beautiful old city, and very green, with many parks and … . There are 31 colleges in the University of Cambridge – King’s and Trinity are two … colleges. There are 17,000 … at the university.

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Прочитайте текст об известных городах и скажите, чем они знамениты, вставив данные слова: films, beaches, water.

Famous Cities

In all cities there are large buildings, parks, museums and schools, but a lot of cities are famous for other things.

Sydney, city of music and city of … .

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Sydney is in the southeast of Australia. The population is four million. In Sydney there is an Opera House and there are a lot of lovely beaches. Bondi Beach is famous for surfing. Sydney is a fun city.

Mumbai, city of … .

Mumbai is in the west of India. It’s a big city with over ten million people – it’s a busy city. There isn’t an opera house, but the city is famous for films. In Los Angeles, there is Hollywood; in Mumbai, there is Bollywood. In Mumbai there are a lot of cinemas – over 200! It’s an exciting city.

Venice, city of … .

Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It isn’t a big city – the population is under 500,000. In Venice there aren’t any buses or cars. Venice is a city of water. There are 150 canals and a lot of boats. It’s a beautiful city.

ЗАДАНИЕ 6. Прочитайте текст и выберите название каждой части, данные после текста.

Toronto

1 …………

Toronto is in the southeast of Canada, in Ontario. It is on Lake Ontario. 2 …………

In the summer Toronto is warm (25◦ C) and in the winter it is very cold (- 10◦C). 3 …………

Toronto is a big city. The population is 2,5 million. 4 …………

Toronto is a modern and busy city. There is a beautiful harbour. There are a lot of museums, theatres and restaurants.

5 …………

Chinatown – there are a lot of restaurants and Chinese shops.

General description

Location

Tourist attractions

Size

Climate

ЗАДАНИЕ 7. Прочитайте текст и закончите название каждой части, используя слова данные после текста.

All change! Countries and cultures change for many different reasons. 1. Changes because of ….

The Chinese economy is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. Han Li’s life is completely different from her grandparents’ life. “They couldn’t travel to other countries, but I can. I can drive a car, but my grandfather could only ride a bicycle.”

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Bo Li, Han’s grandfather, smiles and says, “We can afford to buy an air conditioner. Before, we couldn’t relax in the house during the hot summer.

2. Changes because of the ….

Under the old government of Afghanistan, there were many strict laws. For example, people couldn’t listen to music or watch TV. Farida, a mother of two children, says, “Life is much better now. Boys and girls can play together, and I can go out on my own. But, best of all, teenage girls can go to school”.

3. Changes because of the ….

The Inuits of Northern Canada are losing their old way of life because the environment is changing. “The ice is disappearing now, so we can’t get food in the old way,” says Tootega. “When I was young, I could travel on the ice for days and find seals. Now, there is almost no ice. Our children can’t learn the old skills and they are leaving our villages to find work in the cities. It makes me sad.”

Unit 5

5.1. BRITAIN

A man travels the world in search of what he needs and returns home to find it.

George Moore, 1852-1933, Irish novelist

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Прочитайте интернациональные слова и определите их значения, обращая внимание на части речи:

а) существительные: continent, ocean, channel, climate, topic, area, producer, exporter, machinery, electronics, navigation equipment, constitutional monarchy, population, function, banker, industrialist

б) прилагательные: official, total

в) глагол: abbreviate, separate, vary, start, contain

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Прочитайте следующие географические названия.

The United Kingdom – Соединенное Королевство

Great Britain - Великобритания

Northern Ireland – Северная Ирландия

Scotland – Шотландия

Wales – Уэльс

The English Channel – пролив Ла-Манш

The Strait of Dover – пролив Па-де-Кале

The Thames – река Темза

The Severn – река Северн

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Gulf Stream – течение Гольфстрим

Lake District – Озерный край

British Isles – Британские острова

The Highlands – Северошотландское нагорье

The Lowlands – Шотландская низменность

ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Прочитайте следующие имена собственные.

The House of Lords – палата Лордов

The House of Commons – палата Общин

Church of England – англиканская церковь

The Conservative Party - консервативная партия

The Labour Party – лейбористская партия

The Liberal Party – либеральная партия

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. а) Прочитайте следующие числительные с существительными. Переведите их на русский язык.

244,000 square kilometers, four countries, 32 km wide, 60 million inhabitants, 46 million people, 15 lakes, eighty per cent, two chambers, 651 members, 20 ministers, 2000 museums

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Вставьте предлоги.

1.The United Kingdom ... Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

2.The UK is made up ... England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

3.The UK consists ... about 70 counties.

4.The UK is situated … the British Isles.

5.The country is washed … theAtlantic Ocean.

6.The warm waters … Gulf Stream.

7.Afine morning can change … a wet afternoon.

8.The highest legislative power belongs … Parliament.

9.The UK is famous … its industry.

АДАНИЕ 6. Подберите русские соответствия английским словам, данным под чертой.

the ruling party, is often abbreviated, playwright, comprising, inhabitants, temperate and mild, trading nation, bishop, law-making, holiday resort, greet, peers, all over the year round, urban

драматург, страна торговый партнер, правящая партия, курорт, круглый год, часто сокращается, жители, епископ, здороваться, включающий, законотворчество, умеренный и мягкий, городской, лорды

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ЗАДАНИЕ 7. Подберите соответствия географическим названиям.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8. Познакомьтесь со словами и словосочетаниями, которые помогут вам понять текст ‘Britain’:

1) surface – поверхность

The surface of the British Isles varies very much.

2)valley - долина

3)plain - равнина

The south has beautiful valleys and plains.

4)changeable – переменный, изменчивый

The weather in Britain is very changeable.

5)the highest legislative power – высшая законодательная власть

The highest legislative power belongs to Parliament.

6) a chamber – палата

Parliament consists of two chambers.

7)inherited – наследственный

Peers have inherited titles.

8)to appoint - назначать

Peers are appointed for life.

9) a newspaper proprietor – владелец газеты

10)an industrialist – промышленник, предприниматель

Lords include newspaper proprietors and industrialists.

11)the highest executive power – высшая исполнительная власть

The highest executive power belongs to the Government.

12)the majority – большинство

The government is formed by the party that receives the majority in the House of Commons.

13)a highly developed industrialized country – высокоразвитая

промышленная страна

The UK is a highly developed industrialized country.

14) heavy and light engineering – тяжелое и легкое машиностроение

The country is famous for its heavy and light engineering.

ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Прочитайте текст к теме «Великобритания».

Britain

1. The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The official name is often abbreviated to the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain or the UK.

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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles lying to the north-west of the continent of Europe. The British Isles consists of two large islands, Great Britain (comprising England, Wales and Scotland), and Ireland (comprising Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic) and about five thousand small islands.

2. Britain is one of the world’s smaller countries with an area of 244,000 square kilometers.

The UK is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and doesn’t include Northern Ireland. The capital of the UK is London.

The country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Irish Sea. Britain is separated from European continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover (32 km wide).

3.The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands.

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the busiest and the most important one. The UK has many beautiful lakes. The Lake District in northern England with its lakes, mountains and valleys is a favourite holiday resort. The region contains 15 lakes. Its beauty attracted many poets, writers and artists.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles, making it temperate and mild all over the year round. The weather in Britain is very changeable. A fine morning can change into a wet afternoon and evening. The English people say: "Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather." The weather is the favorite conversational topic in Great Britain. After they greet each other they start talking about the weather.

4.Nowadays the population of the United Kingdom is more than 60 million inhabitants. England is the largest and the most populated part of the country. Over 50 million people of the population of the UK live in England. About eighty per cent of the population live in urban areas.

5.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. The Queen (Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II) or the King is the Head of the state. But the power of the British monarch is limited by Parliament. The highest legislative power belongs to Parliament which consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are at present 651 members of the House of Commons, who are elected by people every five years. The House of Lords, or the Upper House, is composed of Church of England bishops, peers, who have inherited titles and peers who are appointed for life. One-third of the Lords today are company directors. They include bankers, steel magnates, newspaper proprietors and industrialists of all kinds. The main function of the Parliament is lawmaking.

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The highest executive power belongs to the Government and is realized by Prime Minister and his or her Cabinet. The government is formed by the party that wins the election and receives the majority in the House of Commons. The leader of the party becomes the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister appoints ministers and forms the Cabinet, consisting of 20 ministers.

There are several political parties in the United Kingdom. At present the main political groupings are the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal Party. One Party is the ruling party; the other is the Opposition.

6.The UK is a highly developed industrialized country. It is famous for its industry, heavy and light engineering. Now high technology industries are more developed than heavy engineering. The country is the fourth largest exporter of manufactured goods, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. The UK is a major industrial and trading nation. The main industrial centers and at the same time the largest cities of the country are London, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Glasgow and others. London, the capital of the UK is a world centre for business and money trading, the country’s largest port and a cultural centre.

7.Birmingham is the Britain’s second largest city and its engineering centre. Sheffield is the centre of the steel industry. It produces airplanes, motor-cars, electric and agricultural machinery, railway carriages. Manchester became the world’s leading producer of cotton goods. It is also famous for its football club. The wool industry, England’s oldest large trade, is located in Leeds and in Yorkshire. Shipbuilding is centered in Liverpool and Glasgow.

Liverpool is the home city of the Beatles. Stratford-on-Avon is the birthplace of William Shakespeare, the greatest and most famous of English writers, and probably the greatest playwright who has ever lived.

8.The history of the UK is the story of how a small island country became the world’s powerful nation. The history of the UK is in its museums. There are about 2000 museums and galleries in Britain, which include the chief national collections. Among them are the British Museum, the Science Museum, the National Gallery, the Tate Gallery, the Natural History Museum, the Tower of London and many other treasure institutions.

ЗАДАНИЕ 10. Закончите предложения.

1.The full name of the country is … .

2.The UK is made up … .

3.The United Kingdom is a … . This means that it has a monarch and a parliament.

4.Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II is … .

5.Britain is separated from European continent by … .

6.Parliament consists of … .

7.The mountains, … influence the climate of the British Isles.

8.The House of Commons is made up of 651 … .

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9.England is the most … part of the country.

10.2000 museums in Britain include the chief … .

ЗАДАНИЕ 11. Соедините названия городов Британии и то, чем они известны.

ЗАДАНИЕ 12. Ответьте на вопросы о Великобритании.

1.What is the official name of the country?

2.Where is the UK situated?

3.What islands does the UK occupy?

4.What seas is the country washed by?

5.What is the surface of England (Scotland)?

6.What is the longest (the busiest) river in Great Britain?

7.Where are the most beautiful lakes in Britain situated?

8.Why is the British climate mild?

9.What is the favourite topic of conversation of the British?

10.What is the most populated part of Britain?

11.What is the population of the UK (England)?

12.What is the capital of England?

13.What river is London situated on?

14.What are the largest industrial cities and ports in Britain?

15.What kind of country is the UK?

16.What place does Britain occupy among the exporters of industrial goods?

17.What kind of state (the political structure) is the United Kingdom?

18.Who is the head of the state in Britain?

19.What is the highest legislative power of Britain?

20.What is the main function of Parliament?

21.How many members are there in the House of Commons?

22.Who are the members of the House of Lords?

23.What is the highest executive power of the country?

24.Who usually becomes the Prime Minister?

25.How many ministers does the Cabinet consist of?

26.Who appoints Ministers in the Cabinet?

27.What are the main political parties in Britain?

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ЗАДАНИЕ 13. Составьте рассказ о Великобритании по плану, используя слова, данные ниже.

1.Geographical position.

a)the official name of the country

b)the British Isles

c)England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland

d)theAtlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Irish Sea, the English Channel

e)the surface

f)the Lake District

g)the climate

h)the population

2.Political Structure.

a)constitutional monarchy

b)the Head of the state

c)the highest legislative power - Parliament

d)the House of Lords and the House of Commons

e)the highest executive power - the Cabinet

f)the Prime Minister

g)political parties - the Conservative and the Labour Parties

3.Economy

a)a highly developed industrialized country

b)heavy and light engineering

c)the largest exporter of manufactured goods

d)shipbuilding

e)trading nation

f)the main industrial centres

g)the capital

4.History and Culture

a)powerful nation

b)museums and galleries

c)national collections

d)treasure institutions

ЗАДАНИЕ 14. Поговорите о погоде (хорошей или плохой), используя фразы из приведенных ниже диалогов.

For good weather

A.Nice day, isn’t it?

B.Isn’t it beautiful? A. The sun is shining.

B.Isn’t it wonderful?

A. Yes, wonderful, isn’t it?

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