Методическое пособие 485

5.Murmansk, Vladivostok; big ports

6.Novosibirsk, Voronezh, St. Petersburg; university cities

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Познакомьтесь со словами и словосочетаниями, которые помогут вам понять вторую часть текста «Наша страна»:

1)the highest legislative body – высший законодательный орган

The highest legislative body is the Federal Assembly.

2)the highest executive body – высший исполнительный орган

The highest executive body is the Cabinet of Ministers.

3) a work – завод

There are many metallurgical works in Magnitogorsk.

4) primary, secondary, higher education – начальное, среднее, высшее образование

There are four main types of education: primary, secondary, secondary technical and higher.

5) to attend – посещать

The children between the ages of 7 and 17 attend school.

6)to aim – ставить цель

7)a law-governed state - правовое государство

Our country is aiming to build a law-governed state.

8) to carry out – выполнять

The Democratic Russia has to carry out economic reforms.

9) well-being – благосостояние

Economic reforms have to ensure well-being of the citizens.

10)to remain – оставаться

11)a power – держава

Russia remains a great power in the 21st century.

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Прочитайте вторую часть текста к теме «Наша страна».

OUR COUNTRY

The Russian Federation is a constitutional republic headed by the President, who is elected every six years. The highest legislative body is the Federal Assembly comprising two chambers: the Council of Federation and the State Duma. The highest executive body is the Cabinet of Ministers (the government) headed by the Prime Minister.

Speaking about the education in Russia it should be said that there are four main types of education: primary, secondary, secondary technical and higher. All the children in our country between the ages of 7 and 17 attend school or college. The main higher educational institutions are universities and institutes. Moscow, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Voronezh are university centres.

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Russia is a developed industrial country. It produces machinery, chemicals, weapons, cars, textiles and many other items.

There are many big industrial cities in Russia, such as Yekaterinburg, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Moscow and many others. In Magnitogorsk there are many metallurgical works because it is situated near very rich iron ore deposits. Ural is a known highly-industrialized area. The agricultural areas are the Central Chernozem zone, the Krasnodar Region. Murmansk, Vladivostok, St. Petersburg are the big ports.

The Russian Federation is currently a dynamically developing country. Great changes are taking place in Russia. Economics, social and humanitarian spheres are actively developing. The country is aiming to build a law-governed state. The economic management system is being transferred from the administrative methods to economic ones. Russia has to carry out economic reforms in industry and agriculture, science and education, art and culture to ensure well-being and freedom of its citizens. Russia remains a great power in the 21st century.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7. Дополните информацию, данную в левой части, информацией из правой части.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8. Используя образец и слова, данные ниже, скажите, в каких областях осуществляются реформы в России, но сначала повторите:

to carry out reforms – проводить, осуществлять реформы

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Образец: Russia has to carry out radical economic reforms in (промышленности) – industry

1)в сельском хозяйстве (agriculture)

2)в науке (science)

3)в образовании (education)

4)в искусстве (art)

5)в культуре (culture)

ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Подтвердите словами из текста, что:

1.Россия является развитой промышленной страной.

2.В нашей стране имеется четыре основных вида образования.

3.Большие изменения происходят в России.

4.Россия в настоящее время – динамично развивающаяся страна.

There are four main types of education: primary, secondary, secondary technical and higher.

The economic management system is being transferred from the administrative methods to economic ones.

Russia produces machinery, chemicals, weapons, cars, textiles and many other items. Economics, social and humanitarian spheres are actively developing.

ЗАДАНИЕ 10. Выбрав правильный вариант, закончите следующие предложения:

1. The Russian Federation is … a) a constitutional republic; b) a constitutional monarchy. 2. Ural is a known … a) agricultural; b) highly-industrialized area. 3. There are … a) four; b) two main types of education. 4. Russia is … a) a developed industrial country; b) a developing country.

ЗАДАНИЕ 11. Продолжаем учиться общаться.

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3.2. Review – Our Country

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Исходя из содержания текста и своих знаний, ответьте на вопросы о своей стране, используя слова, данные в скобках:

1.What is your native country? (the Russian Federation)

2.What territory does it cover? (17 million square kilometres)

3.Where is Russia situated? (Europe, Asia)

4.What oceans wash the borders of the Russian Federation? (the Pacific, the Arctic, the Atlantic Oceans)

5.What can you say about its wonderful scenery? (forests, lakes, mountains, seas)

6.What rivers are the longest in Russia? (the Lena, the Volga)

7.What natural resources is our country rich in? (minerals, furs, woods)

8.Is our country a multinational state? (different peoples and nationalities)

9.What is the population of Russia? (143 million people)

10.Who is the head of the state? (the President)

11.When was the first artificial satellite launched in our country? (1957)

12.Who was the first man to fly into outer space? (Y. Gagarin; greatly impressed)

13.What kind of country is Russia? (a developed industrial country)

14.Where are the biggest deposits of rare metals, huge resources of iron ore, diamonds, building materials concentrated in our country? (Siberia, Far East)

15.What is the leading coal – mining area in Russia? (the Kuzbas coal-field)

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16.What is Ural known for? (highly-industrialized area)

17.What are agricultural areas in Russia? (the Central Chernozem zone, the Krasnodar Region)

18.What are University centers? (Moscow, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Voronezh)

19.What can you say about education in our country? (primary, secondary, secondary technical, higher)

20.What changes are taking place in Russia? (economic reforms in industry, agriculture, science, education, culture, art)

21.What is the highest legislative body? (the Federal Assembly)

22.What does the Federal Assembly consist of? (the Council of Federation and the State Duma)

23.What is the highest executive body? (the Cabinet of Ministers)

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Читайте текст, вставляя пропущенные слова:

а) выберите те, которые соответствуют тексту:

b) Продолжайте рассказывать текст, вставляя пропущенные слова:

There are four main types of e … in our country: primary, secondary, secondary technical and higher. Great changes are taking p… in Russia. The Russia Federation has to carry out economic reforms in industry and a …, s … and education, art and culture.

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ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Составьте рассказ о Российской Федерации по плану, используя слова, данные в скобках:

1.The territory of the Russian Federation (17 million square kilometres; Europe, Asia).

2.Climate and scenery of Russia (forests, lakes, rivers, mountains).

3.Natural resources (minerals, furs, woods).

4.A multinational state (population, the President).

5.Discoveries of our scientists (the artificial satellite, spaceship).

6.The education in Russia (primary, secondary, secondary technical, higher).

7.Reforms in Russia (great changes, a developed industrial country).

3.3.From the History of Russia

History never stops …

Trying to stop it is like trying to stop geography.

Augusto Monterroso, 1921-2003, Guatemalan writer

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Прочитайте интернациональные слова и определите их значения: nations, voluntarily, Slavs, farmers, hordes, heroic, commerce, empire, university, republic, national, attack

ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Прочитайте следующие имена собственные и дайте их русские эквиваленты.

Russia, Eastern Slavs, Ukrainian, Byelorussia peoples, Moscow, Eastern Europe, Kiev Russ, Mongol-Tartar hordes, Russian Empire, St. Petersburg, the Great Patriotic War, the Second World War, the Victory Day

ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Прочитайте следующие числительные с существительными. Переведите их на русский язык.

the 9th century, the 13th century, 250 years, 1480, the 14th century, 1564, 1755, 1917, 1922, 1941, 1945, the 9th of May

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Познакомьтесь со словами и словосочетаниями, которые помогут вам понять текст:

1) to join – присоединяться

Some nations voluntarily joined Russia.

2)to conquer – завоевывать

3)force – сила

Some nations were conquered by force.

4) forefather – предок

Eastern Slavs were forefathers of the Russian, Ukrainian and Byelorussian peoples.

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5) to dwell – жить

Eastern Slavs dwelled in Eastern Europe.

6)slim – стройный

7)fair-haired – светловолосый

Slavs were slim, fair-haired people.

8)a shepherd – пастух

9)a hunter – охотник

Slavs were hunters, shepherds.

10)a log – бревно

11)to roof – крыть (дом)

12)straw – солома

The houses of the Slavs were put together with logs and roofed with wood or straw.

13) a hearth – очаг

A hearth was built of stones.

14)a chimney – труба, дымоход

There was no chimney.

15)a bench – скамья

Along the walls wooden benches stood.

16) an invader – захватчик

Russia fought against the invaders.

17) to overthrow – свергать

In 1480 the Mongol-Tatar rule was overthrown.

18) to save – спасать

Europe was saved from the invasion.

19) to print – печатать

Ivan Fyodorov printed Russia’s first book.

20) entire – весь

The entire people fought against the enemy.

21) troops – войска

Soviet troops won the Second World War.

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. Прочитайте текст «История России».

From the History of Russia

Russia is a very old state. It was built up over several centuries. Some nations voluntarily joined Russia, others were conquered by force. Long ago the Eastern Slavs, forefathers of the Russian, Ukrainian and Byelorussian peoples, dwelled in Eastern Europe. They were slim, fair-haired people. The ancient Slavs were farmers, hunters, fishermen, shepherds. Their life was hard. They had to work a great deal and often had to fight. The houses of the Slavs were put together with logs and roofed with wood or straw. The windows were right down by the ground. The floor was of

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earth. In one corner a hearth was built of stones. The smoke from the fire escaped through the doorway as there was no chimney. Along the walls wooden benches stood.

In the 9th century the first big state of the Eastern Slavs – Kiev Russ – was founded. In the 13th century Russia was conquered by the Mongol-Tartar hordes. For 250 long years Russia fought against the invaders and in 1480 the Mongol-Tartar rule was overthrown. Thanks to the Russian peoples heroic fight Europe was saved from this terrible invasion.

In the 14th century Moscow became the capital of the new state. In 1564 Ivan Fyodorov printed Russia’s first book. Great changes took place in the state during the reign of Peter the Great. Commerce and trade with other countries developed. The country’s strength grew and it came to be known as the Russian Empire. Peter I established the new capital of Russia St. Petersburg.

The founding of the first University in Moscow in 1755, by the great scholar Mikhail Lomonosov and the Count Ivan Shuvalov, was a great event in the history of Russia.

In 1917 the revolution happened and in 1922 Russia became one of the republics of the new state – the Soviet Union.

In 1941 Nazi Germany attacked the country and the entire people were fighting against the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. In 1945 Soviet troops with US, British and French troops won the Second World War. The Victory Day on the 9th of May has now become our national holiday.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7. Скажите, в связи, с чем в тексте приводятся следующие цифры:

several centuries, the 9th century, the 13th century, 1480, the 14th century, 1564, 1755, 1922, 1945

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Russia was built up several centuries.

In the 9th century Kiev Russ – the first state of the Eastern Slavs – was founded. In the 13th century Russia was conquered by Mongol-Tartar hordes.

In 1480 the Mongol-Tartar rule was overthrown.

In the 14th century Moscow became the capital of Russia. In 1564 Ivan Fyodorov printed Russia’s first book.

In 1755 the first University in Moscow was founded.

In 1922 Russia became one of the republics of the new state – the Soviet Union. In 1945 Soviet people won the Great Patriotic War.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8. Выбрав правильный вариант, закончите следующие предложения:

1.Russia was built up … a) several centuries; b) hundred years ago.

2.The Eastern Slavs dwelled in … a) Western; b) Eastern Europe.

3.They were …a) fair-haired; b) dark-haired people.

4.The houses of the Slavs were put together with …a) logs; b) bricks.

5.The houses were roofed with … a) tiling; b) straw.

ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Читайте текст, вставляя пропущенные слова, выберите те, которые соответствуют тексту:

Unit 4

4.1. OUR CITY (VORONEZH part 1)

Home is where the heart is.

English proverb

ЗАДАНИЕ 1. Прочитайте интернациональные слова и определите их значения, обращая внимание на части речи:

а) существительные: region, zone, chronicles, dock, fleet, million б) прилагательные: military, memorial, geometrical

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ЗАДАНИЕ 2. Прочитайте следующие географические названия.

The Voronezh Region – воронежский край (область)

The Middle Russian Uplands – Среднерусская возвышенность

The Central Black Earth (Chernozem) Zone – Центрально-Черноземный район

ЗАДАНИЕ 3. Используя образец и выражения, данные справа (за чертой), скажите, где располагается Воронеж, наш край, но сначала повторите глаголы: lie – находиться

is situated (located) – расположен comprise – охватывать, занимать

Образец: Our city lies (как вы думаете, на какой реке?) on the river Voronezh.

ЗАДАНИЕ 4. Прочитайте следующие числительные с существительными. Переведите их на русский язык.

400 years ago; 212 days and nights; 12th century chronicles; the 25th of January 1943; 200 ships; one million people; 600 kilometres; 1695; 1586

ЗАДАНИЕ 5. а) Познакомьтесь со словами и словосочетаниями, которые помогут вам понять первую часть текста:

1) a fortress – крепость

The Fortress was the beginning of our city.

2) to mention – упоминать

Voronezh is mentioned in the 12th century Russian chronicles.

3)bustling – шумный a bustling city

4)to destroy – разрушать

During World War II many buildings were destroyed in Voronezh.

5) a cradle – колыбель

Voronezh is the cradle of the First Russian Fleet.

6) a pattern – тип, образец

the pattern of streets and squares – тип планировки улиц и площадей

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