- •Tapescripts
- •Introduction
- •Aviation English
- •Part I English in Aviation communication
- •Dreams take flight
- •Concorde - end of an era?
- •Deal could revive supersonic flights
- •Airbus 350 cleared for take-off
- •International aviation and space shows
- •The flight crew
- •The Flight Deck
- •Reducing fuel burn on the md-11
- •Sukhoi Superjet 100
- •Air Traffic Control
- •Air traffic controllers
- •Controller-pilot data link communication
- •Free flight
- •Recommendations for air traffic controllers
- •At the Airport
- •A modern airport
- •A Variety of Airport jobs
- •Controlling the planes
- •Airport transport and vehicle
- •Truck collapse leads to delay
- •Welcome aboard
- •Recommendations for pilots
- •Cabin staff
- •Services on board singapore Airlines launches Connexion-based live tv
- •Onboard cellphone
- •Bad passenger behaviour
- •Plane diverted after passenger attacks crew
- •1. First Aid
- •Medical care in air
- •Doctor’s recommendations
- •Potential health risks for pilots
- •Aerodrome forecasts
- •Flying forecast
- •Meteorological hazards
- •Volcanic ash
- •Wind shear and turbulence alerts at Hong Kong International Airport
- •Bird strike hazard
- •Border collies prove effective in controlling wildlife at airports
- •Cabin safety
- •Flight hazards
- •The effect of fatigue on performance and safety
- •Decision-making and Team performance
- •Emergency landing
- •European inspection programme targets aircraft during airport turnarounds
- •Turnaround
- •Aircraft security. The threat of terrorism
- •Hijackers escape
- •Security alert
- •Collision course
- •The runway collision at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport
- •Kegworth crash
- •Flying fur
- •Steps to eliminate runway incursions
- •Recommendations for pilots and controllers
- •The taxi phase should be treated as a critical phase of flight
- •General phraseology and guidance in the uk
- •Recommendations for Pilots:
- •How to be a safe pilot
- •What communication skills mean
- •Plane's mayday call missed due to pilot's poor English
- •Effective Communication
- •Recommendations for pilots and controllers
- •Linguistic problems of aviation english
- •Confusingly related words
- •Part II. English for everyday communication
- •A pilot by passengers’ eyes
- •Flight attendants
Controlling the planes
Big airports have ground-control radar. This enables controllers to see everything which is moving on the airport, even in the foggiest weather. The controllers can tell from the “blips” on the radar screen what each airliner is doing, they can see if one aircraft is moving too close to another. In addition to the radar displays, the controllers have a wide range of technical devices to help them. They can speak directly over the radio with the flight crews of the planes they are controlling.
Area controllers work in a building away from the airport. On their strong radar sets they can see almost every plane that is flying in an area. The controllers can identify each plane because every blob on their screens has a code number behind it. From this they can tell which airline each plane belongs to and where it is going. If they see that two blobs are moving dangerously close to one another, the controllers can radio to the pilots of the planes and warn them to move apart.
When two planes are cruising, they could be approaching one another at a total speed of over 1600 kph and the pilots would have no more than 30 seconds to take avoiding action.
21 Exercise 5.
Airport transport and vehicle
There is a whole range of specialist vehicles at airports. These range from trucks with sets of steps on their back which are run up to the doors of planes on some occasions so that the passengers can disembark, to large and powerful tractors capable of towing the biggest jet with a full load of passengers and freight.
At some airports passengers are taken to the airliners from the terminal in a fleet of mobile lounges. They are like huge buses. Drivers raise the body level with the door of the plane and passengers walk on board through a corridor which looks like a giant concertina.
As soon as the passengers and their baggage have been unloaded after arrival, the plane is made ready for its next flight. It is surrounded by a fleet of trucks. Each one has a different job – refueling, taking off luggage, bringing new catering supplies – which must be completed before another flight can start.
Vehicles on the runways must obviously be very carefully monitored and drivers must learn to follow the instructions given to them by ground control at all times.
22 Exercise 6.
Truck collapse leads to delay
A SCISSOR truck collapsed under a catering lorry, delaying a Virgin Atlantic flight for more than an hour.
The incident happened at stand 33 of the South Terminal, when a Gate Gourmet lorry was loading meals on to a Virgin Boeing 747.
The 10 am flight to Bridgetown, Barbados, was delayed until 11.41am while the lorry was being freed from behind the wing of the aircraft.
A spokeswoman for Gate Gourmet said: "We are still investigating the incident, but the main thing is there were no injuries and we do not believe safety was compromised."
It is thought the problem happened as the catering lorry was being lifted to the aircraft, when the rear of the scissor truck that was supporting the lorry collapsed. The aircraft was not damaged.
A spokeswoman said there seemed to be a fault with the scissor truck's hydraulic system and the airport's health and safety team is investigating to find out what went wrong.
Unit 5. Welcome aboard
23 Exercise 1.