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Steps to eliminate runway incursions

The UK Civil Aviation Authority's flight operations department has pro­duced a new docu­ment to remind airport operators and flight crews of the procedures and phraseology that they should be using within the UK to help reduce the number of runway incursions.

The first section of the new doc­ument com­prises advice and reminders about taxiing operations covering issues such as planning, briefings, cross­-monitoring of clearances, obser­vance of standard operating proce­dures, use of logo lights to increase visibility, and the adop­tion of a sterile flight deck while manoeuvring on the ground.

A second component covers radiotelephony phraseology and procedures, which has been taken from the existing CAP413 radiotelephony document. Issues covered include differences between phraseology in different states, conditional clearances (i.e. where an instruction becomes valid after another event has occurred), observance of standard operating proce­dures, read-back requirements, taxi instructions, pre-departure manoeu­vring and runway vacating.

57 Exercise 6.

Recommendations for pilots and controllers

From CAP 413 Radiotelephony Manual

Communications shall be concise and unambiguous, using standard phraseology for all situations for which it is specified. Only when standard phraseology can not serve an intended transmission, shall PLAIN language be used.

Concise and unambiguous phraseology used at the correct time is not only the means by which information is passed but it also assists pilots in maintaining an awareness of other traffic in their vicinity particularly in poor visibility conditions.

Pilots are expected to comply with ATC instructions as soon as they are issued.

Messages will not be transmitted to an aircraft during take-off, the last part of final approach or the landing roll, unless it is necessary for safety reasons, because it will be distracting to the pilot at a time when the cockpit workload is often at its highest.

58 Exercise 7.

The taxi phase should be treated as a critical phase of flight

(from Air Traffic Services information Notice)

Communications Procedures brief

The brief identifies differences between UK phraseology (specified in CAP 413 Radiotelephony Manual) and the international standard phraseology specified by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

The brief notes that, within the UK, pilots are expected to use the phraseology that incorporates UK differences, although air traffic service staff will respond appropriately to pilots who use the phraseology published by ICAO.

English is the primary language used for aeronautical communication and, indeed, it is the primary language for teaching aviation skills. Aviation English is designed to facilitate concise communication using the English language in a way that will convey identical meaning to the native and non-native English speaker alike.­

It is essential that correct Aviation English be used for radio communication in order to ensure that the intended message is conveyed

When specific phrases exist, it is essential that they be used and enunciated in a clear, concise manner to preserve the meaning. Where no phrase exists, communication should use clear concise English.

59 Exercise 8.

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