- •Introduction
- •Chapter 1 Occupational safety and health legislation
- •1.1. Legislation of occupational safety
- •1.1.1. Occupational safety law
- •1.1.2. Protection of women labor
- •1.1.3. Protection of underage labor
- •1.1.4. Occupational safety financing
- •1.1.5. State standard acts of occupational safety
- •1.1.6. Standard acts of occupational safety in enterprise
- •1.1.7. General duty of care and responsibilities
- •1.1.8. International cooperation in occupational safety
- •1.2. State management of occupational safety
- •1.2.1. Bodies of state management of occupational safety
- •1.2.2. Occupational safety management system
- •1.3. Occupational safety training
- •1.3.1. Occupational safety training
- •1.3.2. Occupational safety instruction. Types of instruction.
- •1.4. State and common supervision of occupational safety
- •1.4.1. State supervision
- •1.4.2. Public supervision of occupational safety
- •1.5. Principles of accident prevention
- •1.5.1. Accident investigation and recording
- •1.5.2. Occupational disease investigation
- •1.5.3. Accident auditing
- •1.5.4. Accident analysis
- •1.5.5. Risk management
- •1.5.5.1. Hazard identification
- •Inspection worksheet
- •1.5.5.2. Risk assessment
- •1.5.5.3. Risk control
- •Chapter 2 Occupational sanitation and hygiene
- •2.1. Work area microclimate
- •2.1.1. Biological effect of microclimate parameters
- •2.1.2. Meteorological standard
- •2.2. Airborne contamination
- •2.2.1. Biological effect of airborne contaminants
- •2.2.2. Airborne contaminant exposure standard
- •2.3. Ventilation systems
- •2.3.1. Natural ventilation
- •2.3.2. Mechanical ventilation
- •2.3.3. Ventilation system requirements
- •2.4. Heating systems
- •2.5. Illumination of work areas
- •2.5.1. Biological effect and technical characteristics
- •2.5.2. Requirements to work area illumination
- •2.5.3. Types of work area illumination
- •2.5.4. Natural illumination
- •2.5.5. Artificial illumination
- •2.5.6. Artificial illumination standard.
- •2.5.7. Artificial illumination prediction methods
- •2.6. Protection from noise and vibration
- •2.6.1. Noise physical characteristics
- •2.6.2. Noise exposure standard
- •2.6.3. Noise control
- •2.6.4. Infra sound
- •2.6.5. Ultra sound
- •2.6.6. Vibration exposure
- •2.6.7. Vibration control
- •Chapter 3 Electrical safety
- •3.1. Biological effect
- •3.2. Types of electric injury
- •3.3. Why electric injury can be fatal
- •3.4. Basic factors resulting in electric injury
- •3.5. Causes of electric injuries
- •3.6. Assessing risk associated with operating power facity
- •3.6.1. Danger in one-phase power line.
- •3.6.2. Danger in three-phase power line with insulated neutral.
- •3.6.3. Danger in three-phase power line with grounded neutral.
- •3.7. Systems of electric injuries prevention
- •3.7.1. Technical protective systems applied for power facilities in normal operation.
- •3.7.2. Technical protective systems applied for power facilities in emergency operation.
- •3.8. Electro-protective equipment
- •3.9. First aid on electric injury
- •Chapter 4 Occupational safety regulations
- •4.1. Protection from atmospheric electricity. Lightning-proof category and zone type
- •4.1.1. Lightning-proof installation
- •4.2. Fire safety systems
- •4.2.1. Fire safety
- •4.2.2. Automatic fire detectors installing.
- •4.3. Safety rules for computer operators
- •4.3.1. Visual overloading.
- •4.3.2. Overexertion of skeletal-muscle system.
- •4.3.3. Skin irritation.
- •4.3.4. Central nervous system lesion.
- •4.3.5. Effecting on reproductive function.
- •4.4. Workplace aesthetic.
- •4.5. Occupational safety standards for computer workplace
- •4.6. Prophylaxis of occupational disease
- •4.6.1. Medical examination
- •4.6.2. Nutrition
- •4.6.3. Psychological relaxation
1.1.2. Protection of women labor
Labor legislation sets special norms to protect labor and health of women, considering physical capabilities, and to care of motherhood and childhood. According to art. 174 of Labor Code of Ukraine (LCU) women labor can’t be used at heavy, unsafe and harmful workplace and also at underground work.
Women can’t be assigned to work associated with lifting or carrying weights over set norms. Weight limits are:
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10 kg for periodically lifting and carrying weights (2 times for hour) simultaneously with other kind of work;
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7 kg for constantly lifting and carrying weights during work shift.
Total weight to be lifted (carried) during every hour of work shift can’t be higher 350 kg if it’s lifted from working face or 175 kg – from the floor.
Involving women for work in night hours is suppressed and only admitted temporarily (art. 175 of LCU).
Pregnant women and women who have children younger 3 years are not involved into work in night hours, overtime and days off, they also can’t be sent to busyness trip (art. 176 of LCU). Women who have children from 3 to 14 years old can’t be assigned to work overtime or sent to busyness trip without their agreement (art. 177 of LCU). Pregnant women should be transferred to work with less work production but keeping the same salary (art. 178 of LCU). Pregnant women have vocation connected with pregnancy and childbirth with duration of 126 days (70 days before and 56 days after childbirth). After this vocation woman has right to have another vocation to look after children for three years and additional unpaid vocation for three more years until child is in 6 years age. Length of service continues during these vocations (art. 181 LCU).
Pregnancy or having children can never be considered by employer as the reason not to give an employment. Woman having children younger 3 years can’t be fired by employer’s initiative (art. 184 LCU).
1.1.3. Protection of underage labor
According to legislative acts of Ukraine labor of under ages is prohibited on heavy work and in harmful or hazardous condition. Under ages can’t be assigned for work associated with lifting or moving weights over the set limits. Person under age of 16 can’t be employed. As exclusion 15 years old person can be employed with agreement of one of the parent (art. 188 LCU). Under ages can’t work in night hours and overtime (art. 192 LCU).
Short working week – 36 hours is set for persons in age from 16 to 18; 24 hours – for 15 years old. Salary paid to under age employee working through short work shift is the same as that paid to adult employees doing work of the same Category (art. 194 LCU).
Annual vocation is given to under age employee in summer or another season they prefer (art. 195 LCU). Duration of such vocation is one calendar month.
Under age person can be fired by employer’s initiative only approved by Commission of under age affairs (art. 198 LCU).
1.1.4. Occupational safety financing
Occupational safety funds are created according to the regulations of governmental, branch, regional funds of occupational safety and funds of occupational safety of enterprise, branch in regional and governmental level.
Governmental Inspection of Occupational Safety regulates governmental fund of occupational safety. Fund is used in accordance to national program to improve safety, occupational hygiene and working environment.
Ministries and other central executive bodies, concerns, corporations regulate branch funds of occupational safety and coordinate occupational safety of enterprises.
Council of Ministries of Crimea Autonomous Republic, Kiyv and Sevastopol municipal administration regulate their regional funds of occupational safety. Funds are used in accordance to regional programs to improve safety, occupational hygiene and working environment.
Proprietor of enterprise establishes order of funds regulation. Funds are used to accomplish complex measures or to satisfy standard acts of occupational safety and also to improve safety in industry.
Governmental Inspection of Occupational Safety supervises incoming and using funds in general.