baibakova_i_gasko_o_fedorishin_m_red_getting_on_in_english_i

90_____________ __________________________________________________ j_________________ UN IT 3

recognition - визнання - acknowledgment, e.g. Kyrylo Synelnykov (bom in Dnipropetrovsk region) won wide recognition in thefield of nuclear physics.

27. reflect - відображати - express, show the nature or quality of something, e.g. Science not only reflects the level of the development of society, but also greatly influences this development.

28.revive - відроджувати, -ся - come or bring back into existence or to an earlier state, e.g. Many national traditions have been revived in our country.

revival - відродження - coming or bringing back into existence or to an earlier stage, e.g. The proclamation of independence of Ukraine led to the revival of national self-consciousness.

29.search - пошук - looking for, e.g. The search for new sources of energy is still going on.

30.self-consciousness - самосвідомість - awareness of one’s own existence, thoughts and actions, e.g. The revival of national self-consciousness manifested itself in everincreasing interest ofpeople in the national histoiy, art and science.

31.society - суспільство, товариство - a) social community; b) organization of persons formed with a purpose; association, e.g. Some people consider that society should fund scientific research. In the 19th century, scientific societies often organized lectures on the latest achievements of sciencefor general public.

32.success - успіх - achieving one’s aim, e.g. Some scientists generated a lot of valuable ideas, butfailed to achieve success in their implementation.

successful - успішний - having success, e.g. Serhiy Koroliov supervised a lot of successful space programs.

33.versatile - багатогранний - many-sided, e.g. Puluy’s versatile creative activity made himfamous in both science and literature.

Task 3.5. Revision of the essential vocabulary used in the previous Units. Fill in the gaps with proper forms of the words:

1.create (створювати); creative (творчий)

a)Many world-famous scientists, composers, writers and artists started their__ activity in Ukraine.

b)Yuriy Kondratiuk’s idea t o ___ a base round the Moon made it possible for American astronauts to land on the Moon many years after his death.

2.ensure (забезпечити, гарантувати)

a)Talent and tremendous work of Ukrainian scientists __ tangible progress of

mankind.

3.invent (винайти); invention (винахід); inventor (винахідник)

a)He hasn’t registered his___yet.

b)The activity of___s should be encouraged.

c)When did Arkhyp Liulka___a turbo-jet engine?

4.manage to do (вдається / зуміти щось зробити)

a)This Ukrainian scientist__ ed to make a brilliant career abroad.

Task 3.6. Complete the words to match the definitions given:

Task 3.8. Form the nouns denoting occupations using the following words and suffixes:

“-or” - 1. invent; 2. construct; 3. investigate; 4. operate; 5. create;

“-er” - 6. discover; 7. geography; 8. sing; 9. astronomy; 10. write; 11. research; 12. phi­ losophy; 13. design;

“-ist” - 14. scientific; 15. economy; 16. geology; 17. speciality; 18. physics; 19. chemistry; “-ian” —20. mathematics; 21. academic; 22. history; 23. technical; 24. physic (=medicine).

Task 3.9. Fill in the gaps with proper words from the list below:

societies, contribution, granted, discovery, encourage, successful, prosperity, researcher

1. Illia Mechnykov made a great__ to biology. 2. Roentgen was awarded the Nobel Prize for the___of X-rays. 3. Ivan Puluy was a prominent physicist,___ , linguist and philosopher. 4. Many scientific___appeared in our country in the 19th century. 5. The inventor has been___a patent. 6. This Ukrainian scientist made a ___ career abroad.

1. The state should___the work of scientists and fund their research. 8. New inventions and discoveries are regarded as a barometer of a country’s economic___.

Task 3.10. Complete the sentences with the derivatives of the given words using proper suffixes

(-or, -(t) ion, -ing, -ive, -ed):

1.create

a)Arkhyp Liulka was a ___of a turbo-jet engine.

b)The idea of___a base in orbit round the Moon belonged to Yuriy Kondratiuk. c)The ___ work of Stepan Tymoshenko in the field of mechanics resulted in publishing the manual which is still used at higher schools.

2.invent

a)Hryhoriy Sharpak was awarded the Nobel Prize for th e ___of a new nuclear particle detector.

b)To obtain a patent, an___should submit his/her application to the Patent Office.

c)Having ___ a vacuum lamp, Puluy demonstrated it at the World ElectricalEngineering Exhibition in Paris.

3.investigate

a)___the phenomenon, Puluy received photoprints by means of the invisible rays in 1883.

c) The scientific legacy of our prominent countrymen has not been properly___yet.

Task 3.11. Do the crossword puzzle using the definitions below:

Task 3.12. Match the words in section A with their antonyms in section B:

Task 3.13. Choose the proper forms to fiU in the gaps:

1.Unfavourable historic events made a lot of Ukrainians___their homeland.

a)to leave; b) leave; c) to be left.

2. __this engine, Arkhyp Liulka carried out a lot of experiments.

a)having been created; b) being created; c) creating.

3.She wants m e___a scientific report on this subject.

a)to make; b) to have been made; c) makes.

4.They knew his research___successfully.

a)to have been completed; b) to complete; c) to be completing.

5.They consider him___an outstanding scientist.

a)was; b) is; c) to be.

6.We think his discovery___the world science.

a)to be enriched; b) to have enriched; c) to have been enriched.

7.,__ the experiments, he published the results.

a)completed; b) having completed; c) having been completed.

8.He is said___Rector of Bologna University.

a)to have been; b) was; c) be.

9.He was reported___his right to this discovery a month ago.

a)to have been claimed; b) to be claimed; c) to have claimed.

10.At that time he was known___a new nuclear particles detector.

a)designs; b) to be designing; c) to have been designed.

11.He is supposed___this phenomenon for ten years or so.

a)to have been investigating; b) to be investigated; c) to investigate.

12.This manual seems___in the 19th century.

a)to print; b) to be printed; c) to have been printed.

13.__ in the 1940s, transistors are widely used in electronics.

a)inventing; b) having been invented; c) having invented.

Task 3.14. Choose proper forms to fill in the gaps:

1. ... the temperature we slow down the reaction.

a)to decrease; b) having decreased; c) decreasing.

2.1.Puluy is known ... linquistically gifted,

a)to be; b) being; c) to have been.

3.The experiment... in the article attracted my attention.

a)describing; b) described; c) being described.

4.He entered the room without... her.

a)noticed; b) noticing; c) having noticed.

5.You can’t make me ... that all these stories are true.

a)to believe; b) believe; c) believing.

6.Rubber is said ... from America.

a)to have brought; b) brought; c) to have been brought.

7. ... all the exams he left for Lviv.

a)passing; b) having passed; c) being passed.

8.Some elements ... resulted in new elements.

a)combined; b) combining; c) being combined.

9.The experiment resulted in ... valuable data.

a)obtained; b) being obtained; c) obtaining.

10.The test... in our lab is very important for our work,

a)carrying out; b) was carried out; c) carried out.

7. Повідомляють, що українські вчені зробили великий внесок у розробку космічних ракет. 8. Виявляється, що М.Туган-Барановський займав посаду Міністра фінансів у Центральній Раді, 9. Малоймовірно, що він приїде .завтра. 10. Цей метод, здається, дуже надійний.

Task 3.20. Complete the sentences using the phrases given in brackets:

1. She made . . . 2. 1 watched ... 3. I hear ... 4. He noticed ... 5. They wanted ... (to understand him; to come to the same decision; to be a clever man; to return home; to change one’s mind)

Task 3.21.

Role-play A. One of the students of your group acts the part of a famous Ukrainian scientist whom you have just read about in the text "Ukrainian Names in World Science". Using the active vocabulary from the text (as many new words as possible), s/he tells about his life and scientific carrier, and the class should guess his name.

Role-play B, One of the students acts as a famous Ukrainian scientist. Other students ask him at least 5 questions concerning his life, career, scientific work, etc, and try to guess what famous person the student acts. The winner is the student who guessed the name of the scientist and he is the next to continue the game.

Task 3.22. Read the dialogue and reproduce its contents:

Anna: The situation of the society’s attitude to nature is grave today. What can you say to that?

Borys: The activities /of man today must match the forces of nature. V.I.Vernadsky wrote: "Mankind taken as a whole is becoming a powerful geological force. And the question arising before it, before its intellect and labour, is one of rebuilding the biosphere in the interest of humanity as a freely-thinking race”.

A.: What do you know about Vernadsky?

B.: Volodymyr Ivanovych Vernadsky (1863-1945), academician, an outstanding Ukrainian scientist and naturalist was the founder of geochemistry, biochemistry and radiogeology. It was largely due to his ideas that the concept of man’s absolute domination of nature gave the way to that of relations between equal partners. It was still in the 1950s that teachers of natural science lectured on the conquering of nature. Whereas Acad. Vernadsky taught that nature is not to be conquered, but rather cherished and cooperated with.

98 UN IT З

A.: What education did he get and where?

B.: V.I.Vemadsky was bom in St.Petersburg in the family of Prof. I.V. Vernadsky who was a relative of the well-known writer V.H.Korolenko. In Д885 he graduated from St. Petersburg University. In the years 1898-1911 he was professor of mineralogy and crystallography at Moscow University. In this period he studied the deposits of iron ores in Kryvy Rih and later, in 1915 the natural productive resources of Ukraine and Russia.

A,: How was his career built up during the next period of his life?

B.: The Ukrainian period of his life started after 1917. With a group of scientists Vernadsky organized the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences which was established in 1919. He became its first President. The Academy included sections of historical and philological, physical and mathematical, social and economic sciences. He was one of the main founders of the State Public Library in Kyiv. Vernadsky, a prolific scientist, became the most active organizer of scientific activity.

A.: What are the details of his organizational activities ?

B.: On Vernadsky’s initiative and with his most active participation important scientific institutions were organized: the State Radium Institute (1922), the Commission on the History of Knowledge (1926), the Department of Living Matter (1927) later transformed into the Biogeochemical Laboratory, and others. Academician Vernadsky enriched our science with profound ideas in modem mineralogy, geology, hydrogeology etc. His works laid the basis for the theory of the feasibility of man’s transforming the biosphere into a sphere of reason, a science dealing with the interaction between nature and man. The new sphere involves a balanced relationship between man and the environment, the absence of pollution, the use of natural resources in ways harmless to nature, and the scientific management of ecosystems. Vernadsky stressed that the development of the new sphere was a common and the only intelligent way for the Earth dwellers to face their future.

A.: Was Vernadsky’s activity spreading beyond the borders of Ukraine?

B.: Yes, it was. He was Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1909 and the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine since 1919. He was elected an Honorary Member of the Czechoslovak and Paris Academies of Sciences, many domestic and foreign scientific societies.

A.: What about keeping memory about the scientist now?

B.: The scientist’s merits are highly appreciated now. An avenue in Kyiv was named after him in 1973, where a monument to the great scientist was erected in 1981. The Central Scientific Library in Kyiv bears his name.

Task 3.23. Read the dialogue between two students sharing information about Vasyl Milianchuk, a famous theoretical physicist. Give an oral summary of the information it contains.

Ihor: Hello, Oleh! Haven’t seen you for ages. How are you getting on?

Oleh: I feel very well, thank you. I’m delighted to see you. But you look seedy. What happened to you?

I.: Well, all last week I was ill. I had quinsy but now I’m recovering. And what about you? What are you so happy with?

0.: You know, it is the first time I’m so proud of myself. I have just finished a report to be presented before my classmates. It is the best report I have ever made. There is no doubt about it. I’ve learned a huge amount of material on this topic.

1,: Excellent! I’m extremely glad for you. By the way, what does your report deal with? 0.: It is about V.Milianchuk, one of the most famous physicists. Do you know anything

about him.

1.: Of course, I’ve heard this name before. Our teacher of physics told us about him, but very little. I know that the name of V. Milianchuk is associated with the scientific school of the field quantum theory.

0,: Moreover, it was he who founded that school,

1.: He seems to have been born in Lviv and educated at Kyiv University.

0,: I can’t agree with you. As far as I know, V.Milianchuk was bom in a village near Kolomyia (Ivano-Frankivsk region) and he got his education at the Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty of Lviv I. Franko University and at the Faculty of Physics of Lviv Polytechnic Institute. I have it on good authority. Shame on you, my dear friend. He was our countryman and it is our duty to know about his life and activity. I can’t endure the thought that my generation doesn’t know anything about such a famous person.

1,: You are quite right. It is clear as a day. What interesting things you are speaking about! Would you mind telling me something more about him?

0.: Willingly. I have got some spare time. What are you interested in? 1.: I’d like to know where he worked.

0.: Well, Vasyl Milianchuk worked at the Department of Theoretical Physics of I. Franko University where he gained the Doctor’s degree of Philosophy a couple of years later. World War П ruined his creative plans. But after the war he was engaged in the revival of physical science at Lviv University. In 1946 he was appointed Head of the Department of Physics.

1.: By the way, I’ve just remembered our teacher told us that V.Milianchuk had held a post of professor.

0.: Quite right. He successfully defended his doctorate thesis in the field of atomic spectroscopy in 1957.

1.: Is he still alive?

0.: Oh, no. Exactly one year later, in 1958, V.Milianchuk died. His life was not very long but it was very fruitful. He was among the most outstanding theoretical physicists who trained many famous scholars.

1.: Thank you very much for such interesting information. You are an excellent narrator. I see that you can tell much about this person. But it will be better for me to read your report and then express my opinion.

0.: It would be great.

1.: Good bye! I’ll call you later. O.: O.K. Good luck!