- •The links of lexicology with other branches of linguistics.
- •Other classifications of words.
- •Different approaches to the problem of the word.
- •Features of the word.
- •The size of unit problem (Проблема отдельности слова).
- •The identity of unit problem (Проблема тождества слова).
- •Language as a system of signs.
- •The principles of iconicity.
- •In language a more important thing comes first. F.E. Ladies and gentlements.
- •Features of linguistic signs.
- •Laws of linguistic signs.
- •The meaning of the word.
- •The structure of lexical meaning.
- •Types of lexical meaning according to Виноградов:
- •Semantic changes:
- •Other semantic changes:
- •Homonymy.
- •Semantic contrastives.
- •Conversives.
- •Word formation.
- •Compounding.
- •Affixation.
- •Conversion.
- •The fate of borrowed words in English:
- •Контрольная.
The fate of borrowed words in English:
1) they can become completely assimilated
2) they can change their meaning in competition with the native words. F.e.: In French “large” meant “wide”, but it was not needed, now “large” mean “big in size”.
3) a native word can change its meaning under the influence of the borrowed one. F.e.: heofon (OE), steorfan (OE).
4) sometimes native words can disappeared under the influence of borrowed ones. F.e.: “niman” (OE) disappeared under the influence of “take”
5) word can become frequent. F.e.: they, them, their (Scandinavian borrowings).
6) borrowed word can disappear after a period of time
7) a native word and a borrowed can exist as an absolute synonyms, as free variant. F.e.: бегемот – гиппопотам.
Контрольная.
1) совместить термины с их определениями.
2) семантические изменения, семантический процесс – минимальное объяснение.
3) определить тип словообразования (15 слов).
4) задания по знаку (индекс, икона, символ) – определить тип знака + минимальное объяснение.
5) несколько предложений – какой знак и объяснить почему (law).
6) дать примеры (напр., hyper-hyponymy).