823

The arylsulphatase activity was point-kriged, based on spherical isotropic model, on a 1x1 km grid (1008 locations) by using the ten nearest neighboring points. Descriptive statistics were presented in Table 3 on observed and point-kriged ASAc values.

Table 3

Descriptive statistics on observed and kriged of ASAc values

As shown in Table 3, not only the range of point-kriged arylsulphatase activity values was 0.28 to 3.93 g p-nitrophenol g-1 dry soil but also mean values was 1.95 g p-nitrophenol g-1 dry soil, somewhat narrower than the range and mean of the measured ASAc values (0.11-4.29 g p-nitrophenol g-1 dry soil and 1.86 g p-nitrophenol g-1 dry soil). Also why standard deviation on kriged ASAc values was lower than the measured selected model was true [23, 16]. A point-kriged map of arylsulphatase activity was illustrated using the same 1008 points that was used to krige ASAc in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Point-kriged map of ASAc, g p-nitrophenol g-1 dry soil

Conclusion. The current study illustrates the arylsulphatase activity. Knowledge of the spatial variability of soil biological properties is one of the most important keys in further development of precision quality of agricultural ecosystems. Reliable information on the range of spatial relationships enables defining the sampling strategy needed to carry out maps on soil enzymatic activities accurately. Spherical isotropic model was the best fitted experimental semi variogram model for ASAc in this study area. Also the range of model was 21.5 km. The ratio of nugget variance to sill expressed in percentages can be regarded as a criterion to classify the spatial dependence of soil properties. If this ratio is less than 25%, the variable has strong spatial dependence; if the ratio is between 25 and 75%, the variable has moderate spatial dependence;

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otherwise, the variable has weak spatial dependence [7]. The ratio of nugget to total variation of ASAc was 37.2 % indicating that the spatial correlation of ASAc at the large scale was moderate dependence. Röver and Kaiser (1999) reported the moderate spatial variability reflected interactions between the soil physical, chemical and biological components during the period of investigation. The information of obtained from geostatistical techniques should be used to gain a better knowledge on spatial distribution of hydrolytic extracellular enzyme activities in a pasture [2, 12]. The results suggested that the use of kriging could decrease the existing sampling density under the small scale. In discussing soil quality indicators, Karlen et al. (1997) included extracellular enzyme activity as biological indicators. The soil microbial activities assessments consequently are generalized and should only be used for regional planning purposes. Also, this knowledge should be used as a literature for identifying the sampling and mapping strategies on agricultural ecosystem studies.

References

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2.Aşkın, T., Kızılkaya, R., Özdemir, N., 2004. The Spatial Variability of Soil Dehydrogenase Activity: A Study in Pasture Soils. International Soil Congress (ISC) on ―Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development‖, 7-10 June, Soil Science Society of Turkey,

Atatürk University, N.1-N.11:7-14, Erzurum-Turkey.

3.Bandick, A. K., Dick, R. P., 1999. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 31, 1471-1479.

4.Bonmati, M., Ceccanti, B., Nanipieri, P., 1991. Spatial variability of phosphatase, urease, protease, organic carbon and total nitrogen in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23, 391-396.

5.Burns, R.G., 1978. Enzymes in soils: some theoretical and practical conciderations. In: Burns, R.G. (Ed.). Soil enzymes. Academic Press, London, UK. pp. 295 – 339.

6.Chhonkar, P.K., Tarafdar, J.C., 1984. Accumulation of phosphatases in soils. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 32: 266 – 272.

7.Chien, Y.J., Lee, D.Y. H., Guo, Y., Houng, K.H., 1997. Geostatistical analysis of soil properties of Mid-west Taiwan soils. Soil Science 162, 291-298.

8.GS+, 1998. Geostatistics for the environmental sciences, Gamma Design Software, Plainwell, Michigan, USA.

9.Haas, H., Redl, B., Friedlin, E., Stöffler, G., 1992. Isolation and analysis of the Penicillium chrysogenum phoA gene encoding a secreted phosphaterepressible acid phosphatase. Gene 113: 129 – 133.

10.Hofmann, E., 1963. The analyses of enzymes in soils. In: Linskens, H.F., Tracey, M.V. (Eds.). Moderne Methoden der Pflanzenanalyse. Vol.VI. Springer Verlag Berlin: 416 – 423.

11.Karlen, D.L., Mausbach, M. J., Doran, J.W., Cline, R.G., Haris, R.F., Schuman, G.E., 1997. Soil quality: a concept, definition and framework for evaluation. Soil Science Society of American Journal 61, 4-10.

12.Kızılkaya, R., Aşkın, T., 2004. Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of Surface Agricultural Soils within an Urban Area. International Soil Congress (ISC) on ―Natural Resource Management for Sustainable Development‖, 7-10 June, Soil Science Society of Turkey, Atatürk

University, N.1-N.11:15-21, Erzurum-Turkey.

13.Kuprevich, V.F., Shcherbakova, T.A., 1971. Comparative enzymatic activity in diverse types of soil. In: McLaren, A.D., Skujins, J. (Eds.). Soil Biochemistry, Vol. 2, Marcel Dekker, New York, USA. pp. 167-201.

14.Ladd, J.N., 1985. Soil enzymes. In: Vaughan, D., Malcom, R.E. (Eds.). Soil organic matter and biological activity. Martinus Nijhoff Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands. pp. 175 – 221.

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15.Marinari, S., Masciandaro, G., Ceccanti, B., Grego, S., 2000. Influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Technology 72: 9-17.

16.Öztaş, T., 1996. Eğimli bir arazide erozyonla kaybolan toprak derinliğindeki değişimin Kriging analizi ile belirlenmesi. Tarım-Çevre İlişkileri Sempozyumu ―Doğal Kaynakların Sürdürülebilir Kullanımı‖, s: 327-335, 13-15 Mayıs, Mersin.

17.Rowell, D.L., 1996. Soil science: Methods and applications. Longman, UK, 350 p. 18.Röver, M., Kaiser, E.A., 1999. Spatial heterogeneity within the plough layer: low

and moderate variability of soil properties. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 31, 175-187.

19.Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil Survey Manuel. USDA Handbook No:18, Washington,

USA.

20.Speir, T.W., Ross, D.J., 1978. Soil phosphatase and sulphatase. In: Burns, R.G. (Ed.). Soil enzymes, Academic Press, London, UK. pp 197-250.

21.SPSS, 1999. SPSS for Windows, Release 10.0.5, SPSS Inc., USA.

22.Tabatabai, M. A., Bremner, J. M., 1970. Arylsulphatase activity of soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 34, 225-229.

23.Trangmar, B.B., Yost, R.S. Uehara, G., 1985. Application of geostatistics to spatial studies of soil properties. Advances in Agronomy, vol. 38, pp: 45-93.

24.Voets, J.P., Dedeken, M., 1966. Observations on the microflora and enzymes in the rhizosphere. Annls. lnst. Pasteur, Paris Suppl. No. 3: 197-207.

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ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES

SCIENTIFIC AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

PROBLEMS OF SPECIALIST TRAINING

UDC 378:631(091)(470.53) Iu. N. Zubarev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

FROM THE AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY FACULTY TO THE ACADEMY OF KNOWLEDGE

The work illustrates the formation and development of specialist training at the Perm State Agricultural Academy during 95 years of its existence in the higher education system of Russia.

Key words: academic process, material resources, scientific work.

UDC 378.18

V.D. Galkin, А.F. Koshurnikov,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

STUDENT SELF-STUDY AT THE FACULTY: AIM AND OBJECTIVES,

METODOLOGICAL APPROACHES

The aim is to improve the training of engineering specialists to gain new knowledge and turn them into innovation by improving the efficiency of student selfwork.

Along with reading available literature, student self-work management information model has been proposed, providing the use of modern mathematical methods in order to describe the studied processes, conduct numerical experiments using computer programs developed using refined mathematical models design, manufacturing, research followed by machine prototype testing during field trips by students on the basis of established at the Faculty methodological support.

Key words: management of student self-study, new knowledge, mathematics methods, calculating experiments, innovative developments.

UDC 33(092):378

L. Е. Krasilnikova,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

AGRARIAN ECONOMIC EDUCATION – YOUR WAY TO SUCCESS

Efficiency of duration of agricultural branch depends on quality of personnel and scientific providing.

The Economics, Finance and Commerce faculty of the higher educational institution Perm State Agricultural Academy already more than half a century stores and develops traditions of Russian education. Since 1961 the faculty started preparing

294

experts, and to the present day the teachers work for the aim that graduates of faculty meet the modern development level of economic science and technical progress, successfully realize received knowledge in the labor activity.

Training of specialists is conducted by highly skilled teachers combining in the work facultative and perspective education, constructed on future vision and understanding of natural development of economy, society, considering that innovative education is possible only as a result of the whole complex of transformations in the content of training, knowledge management, education technologies, motivation and quality assessment.

Possessing high scientific potential, the faculty makes a powerful contribution to the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region.

Keywords: education, history, economic education, research activity, extracurricular activities, international activity.

UDC 378.14:001(470.53)

Е.А. Renyov,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

SCIENCE AND ACADEMIC PROCESS INTEGRATION AT THE FACULTY OF AGROTECHNOLOGIES AND FORESTRY

The article is devoted to the problem of interconnection of science and educational process in institutions of higher professional education in the light of assimilation of modern education programmes for bachelor degree at the Agrotechnologies and Forestry faculty of the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher professional education. The example of science and educational process interconnection within Federal state education standards for higher professional education of the third generation has been given.

Key words: education system, academic process, scientific activities, integration, practical training.

AGRONOMY AND TECHNOLOGY OF FOOD PRODUCTS

UDC 631.847.1:631.84

S.L. Eliseev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

THE 90th ANNIVERSARY OF THE CROP CULTIVATION DEPARTMENT

AT THE PERM STATE AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY

Scientific, educational work and staff training at the crop cultivation department from 1923 till 2013 have been shown.

Key words: scientific research, educational and methodical work, academic and teaching staff training, science history.

295

UDC 631 (470.53) S.L. Eliseev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

ESTABLISHER OF THE URAL LARGEST SCIENTIFIC SHOOL (TO THE 110th ANNIVERSARY OF PROFESSOR V.N. PROKOSHEV)

Course of life and work of Professor Vasiliy Nikolaevich Prokoshev, his main professional achievements have been shown.

Key words: scientific work, scientific school, science history.

UDC 631 (470.53) S.L. Eliseev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

AT THE CUTTING-EDGE OF SOLVING SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS (TO THE 95th ANNIVERSARY OF BIRTHDAY OF PROFESSOR N.A. KORLYAKOV)

Principal stages and direction of scientific work of Professor Nikolay Alekseevich Korlyakov, formation of his forage production scientific school and malting barley, leguminous crops research results have been displayed.

Key words: malting barley, leguminous crops, agro-techniques, protein quality, programming, science history.

UDC 631(470.53) S.L. Eliseev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

ON SOLVING GRAIN PROBLEM

(TO 85th ANNIVERSARY OF PROFESSOR V.M. MAKAROVA)

Principal stages and direction of scientific work of Professor Valentina Mikaylovna Makarova, formation of her crop cultivation scientific school and grain crops research results have been shown.

Key words: grain crops, agro-techniques, products quality, science history.

UDC 633.13:631.582:631.526.32:631.559(470.53)

N.V. Ashikhmin, K.V. Vygolovskaya, N.N. Yarkova, S.L. Eliseev, Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

INFLUENCE OF FORECROP ON GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY OF OAT SORTS

IN PREDURALYE

Comparative productivity of oat sorts depending on fore-crop has been presented in paper. Two sorts of crops from different maturity groups and four fore-crops (winter rye, barley, clover and pea) have been given for research. Therefore, winter rye and clover have been identified as the best fore-crops for oat on sod-podzolic middle-cultured soil in weather conditions of 2013 year. High productivity of sort Konkur has been received with winter rye and barley as fore-crops and of sort Dens – with pea. Changes of productivity have been caused by different crop density formation.

Key words: oat, fore-crop, sort, grain productivity.

296

UDC 632.7

E.V. Balandina, B.N. Balandin,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

MAIN BLASTS OF TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE IN PERMSKII KRAI

Blasts, their biological characteristics of development and control measure have been researched on clover sowings.

Key words: Trifolium pratense, Sitona, productivity, biological effect, insect, species composition.

UDC 633.1:631.55

I.V. Batueva, S.L. Eliseev, N.N. Yarkova,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

WINTER GRAIN CROPS PRODUCTIVITY DEPENDING ON HARVEST TIME

Harvest time has the great significance for the quality grain receiving. Reduction in grain crops yields happens because of grain loss increasing by harvesting and also because of imperfect harvest method and postharvest storage. They deteriorate sowing and yielding qualities of seeds. The aim of this research is study of yield formation specifics of winter grain crops (rye, wheat, triticale) by different time of single-phase harvesting. Research have shown that wheat and triticale have been the most productive among winter grain crops on sod-fine podzolic loamy clay. Studied crops have shown different response to harvest time in research years. The maximum productivity and mass of one thousand grains have been formed in year with optimum precipitations and temperatures. For maximum productivity winter rye should be harvested not later than 3-6 days, winter wheat – 6-9 days and triticale – 12 days after approach of 30 percent grain humidity. Real harvest of winter rye carried out while firm ripe stage, winter wheat and triticale – at the end of dough stage and while firm ripe stage.

Key words: harvest time, productivity, winter rye, winter wheat, winter triticale.

UDC 631.32 (470.53)

Yu.N. Zubarev, Ya. V. Subbotina, E.G. Kuchukbaev,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

GROWING OF BREWING BARLEY UPON TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE

IN PREDURALYE

Research results of a cultivation of brewing barley upon Trifolium prаtense layer in Preduralie have been presented in this work. The results on productivity, infestation and quality of brewing barley have been displayed. It has been determined that quality brewing barley can be received in Preduralye up 4t/ha upon Trifolium prаtense layer by carrying out a flat autumn plowing in aggregate with spring loosening by subsurface cultivator even during droughty vegetation period.

Keywords: brewing barley, tillage.

297

UDC 631.5

Yu.N. Zubarev, Ya. V. Subbotina, I.P. Vyatkina, A.V. Vyatkin, Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

RESEARCH OF LAWN AGROPHYTOCENOSES FOR PREDURALYE FROM

RUSSIAN FEDERATION VARIETIES OF GRASS

Research of lawn agrophytocenoses from Russian Federation varieties grass for Preduralie has shown that to 4th – 5th year of lawn the quality of its cover remain at good

– excellent level with average density of sward till 9444 sprouts per square meter with projective cover 94% even while droughty vegetation period with hydro-thermic coefficient 0,96 – 0,98. Presence of Poa pratensis in grass as well provide with good projective cover due to its the most optimal development to this period as allow lawn to undergo regular cutting well.

It has been determined that mixed grass crop IV (Festuca rubra 50 % + Poa pratensis 50 %) is more drought-resistant and forms good quality grass.

Key words:gazon agrophytocenosi,s gazon quality, grass mixture.

UDC 633.17:631.5

S.I. Kokonov, R. F. Dyukin,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

RESPONSE OF PANIC GRASS UDALOYE VARIETY TO FORECROP

AND PRESOWING TILLAGE

Research results for 2011-2013 years on panic grass response to fore-crops, presowing tillage methods on sod-podzolic medium-textured loam have been presented in this paper. The maximum carrying capacity 3.02 – 3.24 thousands of fodder units/ha and 39.9 – 42.4 GJ/ha of exchange energy have been received by panic grass sowing after pea and tilled crops as fore-crops (potato, maize). The sowing of panic grass after winter rye for green fodder has caused quite big reduction of carrying capacity. The maximum gather of fodder units 2,900,000 fodder units/ha of panic grass has been received by pre-sowing tillage by cultivator KMN-4 and sowing by combined sowing machine SZRS-2.1.

Key words: panic grass, carrying capacity, fore-crop, pre-sowing tillage.

UDC 633.521:661.162.63(470.51/54) E.V. Korepanova, I.I. Fatyhova,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

THE RESPONSE OF FIBRE FLAX VOSKHOD VARIETY TO DESICCATION AND HARVESTING TIME BY CULTIVATION FOR FIBRE IN CONDITIONS

OF THE MIDDLE PREDURALYE

The response of fibre flax Voskhod variety to desiccation and harvesting time while cultivation technology for fibre in conditions of the Middle Preduralye has been researched. The fibre productivity formation and quality of processed stems response of fibre flax Voskhod variety to single-phase harvest while beginning of early yellow ripening degree - early yellow ripening degree (7 days) without desiccant treatment was the same with harvest in 7-14 days after desiccation by preparation Raundup while beginning of early yellow ripening degree and with harvest after 7 days after desiccation

298

while early yellow ripening degree. The desiccation while above-mentioned ripening degree quickened the ageing of processed stems up 9-12 days.

Key words: fibre flax, Voskhod variety, desiccation, productivity, fibre, quality of processed stems.

UDC 633.11 «321» 632 (470.51)

O. V. Korobeynikova,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

PHYTOSANITARY CONDITION OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES IN CIRCUMSTANSES OF VARIETY TEST PARCEL OF EDUCATIONAL FARM IYULSKOE IN VOTKINSKII DISTRICT OF UDMURTSKAYA REPUBLIC

Research has been devoted to study of productivity and diseases spreading of spring wheat varieties of Udmurtskaya republic added to State Register from 1995 year. Simbirtsit and Omskaya 36 varieties have been determined as the most productive on the ground of this research 2011 -2013 years. However these varieties have been affected deeply by root rot, Septoria, brown rust some years.

Key words: spring wheat, varieties, productivity, diseases spreading, root rot, brown rust, Septoria.

UDC 633.13:631.81.095.337(470.51)

A.I. Kubasheva, V.G. Kolesnikova, I.Sh. Fatykhov,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

RESPONSE OF AVENA SATIVA VARIETIES TO SULPHATES

OF MICROELEMENTS IN THE MIDDLE PREDURALYE

Response of Avena sativa Ulov and Gunter varieties to seeds pre-sowing treatment by microelements sulphates has been researched. The increasing in grain productivity up 17-31% has been identified by results of two years research. The maximum increase in productivity of Avena Ulov and Gunter varieties in average for 2012-2013 years has been received by seeds pre-sowing treatment by zinc sulphate (2.11 t/ha) and microelements mixture (2.26 t/ha). It has been 0.21 t/ha with LSD05 (least significance difference).

Key words: Avena, Ulov and Gunter varieties, seeds pre-sowing treatment, microelements, meteorological conditions.

UDC 633.11«321» : 631.5

A.M. Lentochkin, V.V. Tarasova,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

RESPONSE OF SPRING WHEAT SVECHA VARIETY TO EXTREME

ABIOTIC FACTORS

Sod-middle podzolic medium-textured loamy middle-eroded soil with peracidity in conditions of higher air temperature during vegetation period has an inhibiting effect to growth and development of spring wheat Svecha variety. It causes low general survival rate of crops – about 57%, low density of productive crops, low ear productivity – about 0.51 g and low grain productivity – about 14 dt/ha.

Key words: spring wheat, acid soil, seeding rate, nutrition background.

299

UDC 631.616.22 : 631.11 «324» V.I. Makarov,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

IMPACT OF THE SEEDS PRESOWING TREATMENT BY AGROCHEMICALS

ON PROCESSING CHSRACTERISTICS

Efficiency of spring wheat seeds pre-sowing treatment by agrochemicals has been researched during micro-field experiments on sod-podzolic loam soil of the Middle Preduralie. Using of fertilizer Micromak provide with increase in productivity 1417 g/m3 (8.3-9.3%) and reduction of protein content and crude gluten in wheat grain in the circumstances of deficient nitric nourishment. Application of macro-fertilizer in amount N40Ph20P20 increases protein content in grain up 1.30-2.37% and crude gluten - up 3.30-4.84%.

Key words: mineral fertilizers, micro-fertilizer, spring wheat, seeds pre-sowing treatment, protein, crude gluten, sod-podzolic soil.

UDC 633.162:631.51.022:632.95 I.N. Medvedeva, N.Yu. Skorodumov,

Perm State Agricultural Academy, Perm, Russia

IMPACT METHODS OF PRESOWING TILLAGE IN AGGREGATE WITH PLANT

PROTECTION PRODUCTS ON BARLEY PRODUCTIVITY

Combined methods of plant protection have been examined in this paper. These methods aimed to increase in productivity of malting barley. The combination of presowing tillage methods with application of two chemical preparations as protectants has been researched. Used preparations were allowed preparation albite, TPS and experimental alcamonum, PS. The influence of combined methods on affection by root rot of malting barley has been described in the paper. The impact of complexes on as well spreading as development of root rot has been shown in this work. Authors described the efficient application of alcamonum in comparison with allowed preparation. The influence of combined methods on malting barley productivity has been identified and the most efficient ones have been determined. Authors gave the information on biological and economic efficiency of these methods and on the most optimal methods.

Key words: malting barley, Bios-1, pre-sowing tillage, treatment, alcamonum, albite, root rots.

UDC 635.63:631.81.095.337

V.M. Merzlyakova, V.V. Sentemov, N.Yu. Gorlova,

Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia

IMPACT OF COMPLEX COMPOUNDS AND MINERAL SALTS

OF MICROELEMENTS ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CUCUMBER BY CULTIVATION IN WINTER AND SPRING ROTATION

Response of compelx compounds and mineral salts of microelements on growth, development and productivity of cucumber by cultivation in winter spring rotation of winter greenhouses has been identified during two years research. Mn – Y, Cu – Х have been identified as the most optimal options by productivity in the circumstances of winter and spring rotation.

Key words: cucumber, complex compounds, microelements, winter and spring rotation, productivity.

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