Assignments for self-control

1. Did you agree with a large amount of statements?

2. Are your personal characteristics and hobbies important for the interviewer?

3. What moment does the interview begin?

4. What should a thank you letter include?

5. Your own views and decisions are necessary, aren’t they?

Vocabulary in need

Education	Образование
BA (Bachelor of Arts)	Бакалавр гуманитарных наук
Bsc (Bachelor of Science)	Бакалавр точных наук
MA (Master of Arts)	Магистр гуманитарных наук
Msc (Master of Science)	Магистр точных наук
PGCE (Postgraduate Certificate in Education)	Сертификат об окончании аспирантуры
MBA (Master of Business Administration)	Магистр в области управления бизнесом
Med (Master of Education)	Магистр в области образования
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)	Кандидат и доктор наук

Job hunting	Устройство на работу
applicant, candidate	кандидат, претендент
application	заявление, заявка
apply (for)	претендовать на
CV (Curriculum Vitae)	автобиография, резюме
employment agency	агентство по трудоустройству
human resource, personnel department	отдел кадров работа (место или отдельное задание)
Job occupation	род занятия
reference	рекомендация
salary	зарплата служащих
skilled	квалифицированный
wage	зарплата рабочих

Organizations and companies	Организации и компании
head office	главный офис
headquarter	штаб-квартира
joint venture	совместное предприятие
shareholder, stockholder	акционер

Jobs	Должности
Board of Directors	совет директоров, правление
chairman (UK), president (US)	глава фирмы
deputy	заместитель
director (UK), vice president (US)	заведующий отделом
employee	наемный работник
employer	работодатель
executive	исполнитель
general manager (UK)	генеральный директор
chief operating officer (US) head	глава, заведующий
lawyer	юрист
managing director (UK) chief executive officer (US)	исполнительный директор
receptionist	секретарь приемной
security guide	охранник

Departments	Отделы
design	конструкторское бюро
development	опытно-конструкторский
finance, financial control	финансовый
production	производственный
purchasing	снабжения
sales	сбыта
services	техобслуживания

Events	События
acquisition	приобретение одной фирмы другой
boost	спад
downturn, decline	снижение темпов роста
drought	финансовые трудности
merger	слияние фирм
takeover	захват одной фирмы другой

Expressions	Выражения
be accountable to, report to, be under	подчиняться кому-либо
be qualified for a job	подходить для работы
be self-employed	работать на себя, самостоятельно
compete against, with others	конкурировать с кем-либо
competitive edge	конкурентоспособность
face competition	испытывать конкуренцию
fierce, keen competition	жестокая, острая конкуренция
fire, dismiss someone	увольнять кого-либо
grant authority	наделить полномочиями
handle authority	пользоваться властью
hire, employ someone	нанимать кого-либо на работу
hold a post, fill a position	занимать должность
join the company	поступить на работу
make requests	обратиться с просьбой
run	управлять
tailor a particular position	рассчитывать на конкретную должность
upgrade product	усовершенствовать продукцию
work background	профессиональный опыт

SPEECH ETIQUETTE

На званом вечере два господина

Представляются друг другу:

- Серонсен, коммерсант: уголь и кокс.

- Ольсен, директор тюрьмы: вода и хлеб.

What is the speech etiquette? We can define it briefly as “what to say and how to say in different situations”.

When you attend any office on your personal or business affair, certainly you should greet and introduce yourself before you’ll start your conversation.

There are some common rules of greeting (greeting etiquette) which you have already known, I suppose.

They are the following ones:

1. The person who is entering greets the first.

2. The man greets the woman.

3. The younger person greets the senior one.

4. You should look at the person you greet with smile.

5. In European countries and in Russia people shake hands each other, even the man and the woman. And in Arabian countries it isn’t accepted.

6. While speaking with an unknown person don’t use informal greetings such as ‘Hi’, ‘Hello’ and something like that. You should say ‘Good morning’, ‘Good afternoon’. Such informal expressions as ‘Hi’, ‘Hello’, ‘Bye-bye’, ‘So long’, ‘See you later’ etc. are more often used by friends.

7. When you are introduced your surname and name are called loudly to everybody and you only nod your head lightly. When you introduce yourself call your surname, name and sometimes patronymic (middle name). The person who you introduce yourself says ‘Glad (nice) to meet you’.

8. There are different ways of addressing people in different languages. In English, there is only one personal pronoun ‘you’ which is used both to strangers and to close friends and family members. While in Spanish there are three personal pronouns depending on the degree of familiarity: ‘usted’ – ‘вы’ – официальная вежливая форма по отношению к одному человеку (the official polite form applied to one person); ‘ustedes’ – ‘вы’ – (plural); ‘tu’ – ‘ты' – неофициальное обращение (unofficial addressing). In American English there is a tendency to reach ‘first-name terms’ with strangers as quickly as possible. The British, on the other hand, are more cautious about using first names and tend to stick with ‘Mr Smith’ or ‘MISS brown’ until they are invited to use first names. Other languages such as Korean have a complex system of honorific titles.

«Заговори, чтобы я тебя увидел» (Сократ) – “Speak to see you” or “Speak I can see you”.

Speech etiquette is a complex of rules, principles and specific forms of verbal communication presupposing the respectful attitude to the interlocutor.

It is the speech etiquette which regulates the business relations.

The functions of speech etiquette:

1. Establishment of contact between people –

Speech etiquette allows to attract attention to the interlocutor, to contact, to meet the interlocutor.

2. Maintenance of contact between people –

It is a conversation “about nothing” during which people make impressions about each other, find out news and support their relations.

3. Demonstration of politeness and respect to the interlocutor –

It’s reached with the help of various means – different forms of addressing, apologies, gratitude, greeting, request, sympathy.

4. Regulation of people’s behavior in the society –

The preservation of etiquette rules makes people’s behavior predictable, and gives an opportunity to determine how to behave in specific situation.

5. Prevention of conflicts –

The reliable means of conflict prevention is maintenance of etiquette communication and if the conflict breaks out the etiquette allows to overcome it.

FORMAL AND INFORMAL LANGUAGE

The most important elements of speech etiquette:

1. GREETING

For business communication the stylistically neutral greetings are common:

• How do you do?

• Good afternoon, colleagues!

• Good evening, ladies and gentlemen!

• Glad to meet you!

• I am greeting you (Let me greet you).

2. ADDRESSING

This element presupposes the addressing to the interlocutor by name, surname, profession or post:

• Dear colleagues!

• Ladies and gentlemen!

• Professor!

• Sir! (in the USA army) Comrade Colonel! (in our army)

• Mr Brown!

In the western companies it’s commonly accepted to address “you” and call by name. In Russian business circles there are no established traditions. Usually you address to your direct chef and to the person at the first contact by name and middle name.

Addressing “citizen” is held in official situations, especially dealing with lawguarded bodies and also in documents. When you address to official person you should say “Mr President”, “Comrade Colonel” – without name. If you communicate with the scientist the appropriate form of addressing is “Dc Johnson” or Pr Likhachyov”.