Вариант 2

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Выпишите слова с окончанием -s и определите, чему оно соответствует:

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. My mother is about my fathers age.

2. He became interested in computers from the fifth form.

3. You cannot believe everything he says.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, поставив прилагательные в скобках в нужной по смыслу форме; укажите степень сравнения прилагательных:

1. Although she is very popular, she is not (pretty) than her sister.

2. The painting by Rafael is (valuable) in my collection.

3. Mary is as (young) as Ann.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите все глаголы и укажите их видо-временную форму, залог и инфинитив.

1. Now she is travelling round Europe.

2. One theory was developed by A. Maslov.

3. Over the years, the Paris Club has become a key instrument in implementing the international debt strategy.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. This approach may easily be shown to be far more productive.

2. We know of the earth behaving as a large magnet.

3. Youre supposed to be home by six.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Findinq the Riqht Market

It only makes sense that, before you go after new customers or bring a product or service to market, you should sure the product or service has a market. Likewise, you should know who has a desire and need for your product or service. This means digging up all the information you can - about present and potential customers, about the competition, and about the image people have of your company, product, or service. This brings us to three highly important words in marketing - demographics, psychographics, and geographics.

Demographics provides the most frequently used information. It includes data about age, sex, occupation, income, race, religion, family size, level of education, and nationality.

Psychographics gets personal. It gives psychological characteristics. It zeroes in on the behaviour that reveals peoples personal values, self concepts, interests, opinions, and lifestyles. It tells, for instance, why people buy certain products over those of the competition, how often they make such purchases, and whether they are impulse buyers or planned purchasers.

Geographics is particularly useful for direct-mail programs. With geographics, a target market is defined by its location - a neighbourhood, city, or state, or sometimes according to population density (urban, suburban, or rural market, for example).

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 3

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Выпишите слова с окончанием -s и определите, чему оно соответствует:

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The students were given a lot of work to do last month.

2. I dont know Eddys telephone number.

3. She never comes to work in time.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, поставив прилагательные в скобках в нужной по смыслу форме; укажите степень сравнения прилагательных:

1. Moscow is (large) than St. Petersburg.

2. It was (bad) cold lve ever had.

3. The Russian grammar is (difficult) than the English one.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите все глаголы и укажите их видовременную форму, залог и инфинитив.

1. A memorial complex was set up in Khatyn in 1969.

2. Yet reform has been slow and seldom successful.

3. She gave me a friendly smile.

IV. Перепишите и письменно перевeдите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. You would be able to hear me if the TV werent so loud.

2. When studying market economy we have to understand that business enterprise is the very heart of private property and market relationships.

3. I used to work every day.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Is Privatization Succeeding ?..

One should make a clear distinction between Hungarian and Russian privatizations. Hungarian privatization was basically a spontaneous process in which the managers actually gained control. To some extent that differs from the Russian process which was a voucher privatization program. To push it through, it seemed politically expedient to give preferences to enterprise insiders. Although one can never be sure about numbers in a country of that size, we did a very extensive survey in Russia, and it appears that 60-70% of Russian enterprises are insider-controlled, meaning managers and workers own over 51% of the shares.

Nevertheless, enough people have benefited from these reforms to make them irreversible. I do not think the Russian government could renationalize the newly privatized enterprises. This would not be politically easy, and I doubt anyone would ever attempt it.

On the other hand, it is not clear that privatization has established in Russia a market environment with reasonable assurances of medium-term growth and a rapid increase in the number of people benefiting from it. The reason for this is that the transfer of shares to enterprise insiders has had a number of undesirable consequences. For example, it has created an environment in which trading is very difficult because enterprise insiders are reluctant to sell, fearing for their jobs.

There is an interesting paradox in all this. In order to push privatization through, insiders of state enterprises had to be given ownership preferences. However, the program has failed to create the kind of institutions that would guarantee a hospitable market environment.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.