- •Мурманского государственного технического университета
- •Оглавление
- •Введение
- •Part one getting azquainted
- •1. Do you know how people greet each other when they meet? Discuss it with your partner and tell your fellow students. Read the text to know about possible ways of greeting and why people do it.
- •2. Read the following words and word combinations below and try to memorize them.
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the questions to the text.
- •Phrases to remember
- •1. Read the following phrases and try to memorize them.
- •2. Read the dialogues and dramatize them in class.
- •3. Translate the dialogues into English.
- •Part two Unit 1
- •I am a student of the Murmansk State Technical University
- •1. Look up the words in a dictionary, find their pronunciation and read them aloud.
- •2. Read the following words and word combinations and learn them by heart.
- •3. Read the following words and word combinations and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Make up your own sentences using words and phrases from tasks 1, 2, 3.
- •5. Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •Additional vocabulary
- •6. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •7. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •8. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text.
- •9. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. When you disagree give the correct information.
- •10. Answer the questions using the information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •11. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and compare them with the given ones. Work in pairs.
- •12. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Compare them with the given sentences. Work in pairs.
- •Unit 2 My friend's family
- •3. Read the following words and word combinations and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Make up your own sentences using words and phrases from tasks 1, 2, 3.
- •5. Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •6. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •7. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •8. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text.
- •9. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. When you disagree give the correct information.
- •10. Answer the questions using the information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •11. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and then compare them with the given ones. Work in pairs.
- •12. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •Unit 3 My study at the University
- •3. Read the following words and word combinations and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Make up your own sentences using words and phrases from tasks 1, 2, 3.
- •5. Read and translate the text.
- •6. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •7. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •8. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text:
- •9. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. When you disagree give the correct information.
- •10. Answer the questions using information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •11. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and then check them up with the given ones.
- •12. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •13. Read the dialogue and dramatize your own dialogue using words and word combinations from the text and these dialogues as a model.
- •Unit 4 My friend's study at the University
- •3. Read the following words and word combinations and translate them into Russian.
- •4. Make up your own sentences using words and phrases from tasks 1, 2, 3.
- •5. Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •6. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •7. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •8. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text.
- •9. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. When you disagree give the correct information.
- •10. Answer the questions using information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •11. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •12. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Compare them with the given answers. Work in pair.
- •2. Make up your own sentences using words and phrases from task 1.
- •3. Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
- •4. Find in the text Russian equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •6. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •7. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text.
- •8. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. If you disagree give the correct information.
- •9. Answer the questions using information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •10. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and compare them with the given ones. Work in pairs.
- •11. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •Unit 6 My friend's day off
- •4. Find in the text Russian equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases:
- •6. Replace the words in brackets with the corresponding English words and phrases.
- •7. Complete the following sentences using the information from the text.
- •8. Read the following statements and express your agreement or disagreement. When you disagree give the correct information.
- •9. Answer the questions using information from the text and compare them with the given answers. Work in pairs.
- •10. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and compare them with the given ones.
- •11. Translate interrogative sentences from Russian into English. Mind the proper usage of auxiliary verbs and word order. Check up on your answers.
- •12. Ask your friend about his/ her day off.
- •13. Speak about your friend's day off, using as many words and word combinations from the text as possible.
- •14. Write a composition on the following topics:
- •Part 3 grammar drill Present Simple
- •Past Simple
- •Did you go to the sea-side last summer?
- •Revision
- •Использованная литература
Past Simple
Task 11. Read the following information.
The Past Simple Tense употребляется:
-
Для выражения действия, произошедшего в прошлом. – I entered the University last year.
-
Для выражения общеизвестной истины в прошлом. – Petersburg was the capital of old Russia.
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Для выражения обычных, регулярно повторяющихся действий в прошлом. – We went to the forest every day last year.
-
Для выражения повторяющегося действий в прошлом употребляются также конструкции used to + Infinitive (иметь обыкновение) или would + Infinitive (часто бывало).
He used to come to see us on Sundays.
She would read tales to the children in the evenings.
-
Для выражения ряда последовательных действий. – We took our textbook, opened them and began to read.
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The Past Simple Tense часто употребляется со следующими обстоятельствами времени: yesterday, in 1997, two days ago, then, last week/month/year/summer, when, how long ago…? и др.
По способу образования прошедшего неопределенного времени все английские глаголы делятся на правильные и неправильные.
The Past Simple Tense правильных глаголов образуется при помощи прибавления окончания -ED к инфинитиву смыслового глагола. Неправильные глаголы образуют Past Simple путем изменения корневой гласной или всей основы.
to study – studied |
to begin – began |
to work – worked |
to do – did |
Вопросительная и отрицательная форма глаголов в Past Simple образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола DID.
Did you go to the sea-side last summer?
I didn't go to the disco last Sunday.
Task 12. Look at grammar pattern 1 and translate the sentences.
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Grammar pattern 1
They |
V2(ed) |
You |
|
We |
|
I |
|
My friends |
|
Fred and Mike |
|
He |
|
She |
|
It |
Они ушли в университет в 8 часов. |
They left for the University at 8. |
Студенты делали всё, что в их силах, чтобы сдать экзамен. |
Students did their best to pass the exam. |
Не смотря на погоду, Джейн бегала трусцой. |
In spite of the weather Jane jogged. |
Когда он был студентом, он посещал все занятия. |
When he was a student, he attended all lessons. |
Они были требовательны к себе и просматривали лекции каждый день. |
They were very demanding of themselves and looked through the notes every day. |
Она хорошо успевала по математике, поэтому всегда помогала своей подруге. |
She was at the top of the group with math and always helped her friend. |
Мои друзья собирались вместе, чтобы обсудить последние новости. |
My friends got together to discuss the latest news. |
Мы опаздывали на занятия, и поэтому преподаватель на нас сердился. |
We were late for the lessons and that is why the teacher was angry with us. |
Петер редко обсуждал политические проблемы. |
Peter discussed political problems seldom. |
Они никогда не теряли интерес к футболу, даже если они плохо играли. |
They never lost interest in football even if they played badly. |
Я всегда была рада быстро потратить деньги. |
I was always glad to spend money like water. |
Они часто работали сверхурочно. |
They often worked overtime. |
Он просыпался, делал зарядку, принимал душ и уходил в университет. |
He woke up, did morning exercises, took a shower and left for the University. |
У него уходило 30 минут, чтобы добраться до университета. |
It took him 30 min. to get to the University. |
Мы извлекали пользу из многочисленных курсов обучения. |
We made profit from various courses. |
Некоторые из моих друзей были очень требовательны к себе и делали уроки регулярно. |
Some of my friends were very demanding of themselves and did homework regularly. |
Task 13. Look at grammar pattern 2 and translate the sentences.
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Grammar pattern 2
They |
DIDN'T |
V |
You |
||
We |
||
I |
||
My friends |
||
Fred and Mike |
||
He |
||
She |
||
It |
По крайней мере, он не тратил деньги быстро. |
At least he did not spend money like water. |
Когда он был ребёнком, он не ладил со своими родителями. |
When he was a child, he did not get along with his parents. |
Когда он был студентом, он не был лучшим в группе и не знал, что он хотел. |
When he was a student he was not at the top of the group with his study and he did not know what he was after. |
Они не проводили много времени в читальном зале. |
They did not spend a lot of time in the reading hall. |
Том не поддерживал форму физическими упражнениями. |
Tom did not keep fit by doing physical exercises. |
Она не понимала, почему Питер не писал лекции. |
She did not understand why Peter did not make notes. |
Она не пропускала занятия и никогда не опаздывала. |
She did not miss lessons and never was late. |
Они не уходили в университет в 7 часов. |
They did not leave for the University at 7. |
Он не работал много над англ. языком и поэтому не написал к.р. |
He did not work hard at English and that is why he did not write the test. |
Он не ложился спать вовремя, и поэтому никогда не просыпался в 7 часов. |
He did not go to bed on time and that is why he never woke up at 7. |
Джейн не говорила по-английски. |
Jane did not speak English. |
Фред не делал все, что в его силах, чтобы знать английский. |
Fred did not do his best to know English. |
Это не казалось хорошей идеей. |
It did not seem a very good idea. |
Он не делал доклад. |
He did not make a report. |
Моя сестра не учится усердно. |
My sister did not study hard. |
Мои друзья не приходят на занятия вовремя. |
My friends did not come for lessons on time. |
Task 14. Look at grammar pattern 3 and translate the sentences.
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Grammar pattern 3
I |
DIDN'T |
V |
I |
V2(ed) |
You |
You |
|||
They |
They |
|||
We |
We |
|||
He |
He |
|||
She |
She |
|||
It |
It |
|||
Their friends |
Their friends |
|||
Ann |
Ann |
Они не работали регулярно, поэтому учитель ставил им плохие оценки. |
They did not work regularly, that is why their teacher put them bad marks. |
Он не встречал её вечером, он ждал её дома. |
He did not meet her in the evening, he waited for her at home. |
Они не жили в общежитии, поэтому они ездили в университет на автобусе. |
They did not live at the hostel that is why they went to the University by bus. |
Мои друзья не приходили на занятия вовремя, они пропускали занятия. |
My friends did not come for lessons on time. They missed lessons. |
Я не мыла посуду, но я ходила по магазинам. |
I did not wash up, but I went shopping. |
Анна и Питер не ходили в читальный зал, но часто оставались после занятий. |
Ann and Peter did not go to the reading hall, but they often stayed after classes. |
Я не делал зарядку, но каждый день принимал душ. |
I did not do physical exercises, but I took a shower every morning. |
Анна не уходила в университет в 8, т. к. занятия начинались в 9. |
Ann did not leave for the University at 8 as lessons began at 9. |
Она не пропускала занятия. Она всегда их посещала. |
She did not miss lessons, she always attended them. |
Его отец не любил смотреть некоторые муз. программы, он смотрел только спортивные программы. |
His father did not like to watch some musical programs, he watched only sport programs. |
Они не любили получать плохие оценки, поэтому проводили много времени в библиотеке. |
They did not like to get bad marks, that is why they spent a lot of time in the library. |
Она не работала допоздна, она проводила много времени дома. |
She did not work late, she spent a lot of time at home. |
Фред хорошо играл в теннис, но не играл на гитаре. |
Fred played tennis well, but he did not play the guitar. |
Он не занимался спортом, но делал каждое утро зарядку. |
He did not go in for sport, but he did morning exercises every morning. |
В университете они не изучали французский язык, они учили английский. |
They did not study French at the University, they studied English. |
Вечером мы не делали уроки, мы ходили гулять. |
In the evening we did not do homework, we went for a walk. |
Он не делал доклад, он писал сочинение. |
He did not make report, he wrote the composition. |
Они не приходили на занятия, они всегда их пропускали. |
They did not come for classes, they always missed them. |
Они не одалживали деньги, они только давали советы. |
They did not lend money, they only gave advice. |
Task 15. Look at grammar pattern 3 and translate the sentences.
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Grammar pattern 3
DID |
They |
V |
? |
You |
|||
We |
|||
I |
|||
My friends |
|||
Fred and Mike |
Вы делали домашнее задание? |
Did you do homework? |
Твой друг посещал занятия? |
Did your friend attend lessons? |
Их родственники уезжали из Мурманска? |
Did their relatives leave Murmansk? |
Студенты просматривали лекции? |
Did students look through summaries? |
Ты перевёл текст с английского на русский? |
Did you translate the text from English into Russian? |
Ты был готов к уроку? |
Were you ready for the lesson? |
Этот студент всегда выглядел неряшливым? |
Did this student always look scruffy? |
Питер и Макс слушали лекции? |
Did Peter and Max listen to the lectures? |
У них уходило много времени, чтобы добраться до университета? |
Did it take them much time to get to the University? |
Они ездили на машине или ходили пешком? |
Did they go by car or go on foot? |
Вы получали много знаний? |
Did you get much knowledge? |
Ваши друзья хорошо ладили? |
Did your friends get along fine? |
Твои родители выглядели на свой возраст? |
Did your parents look their age? |
Дети всегда занимались спортом? |
Did children always go in for sport? |
Вы не пропускали уроки английского языка? |
Did you miss English lessons? |
Они ждали с нетерпением летних каникул? |
Did they look forward to summer holidays? |
Она готовила себе завтрак? |
Did she cook her breakfast? |
Ты делал домашнее задание перед ужином? |
Did you do your homework before supper? |
Анна приходила на занятия вовремя? |
Did Ann come for lessons on time? |
Тебе нравилось ходить в спортзал? |
Did you like to go to the gym? |
Task 16. Look at grammar pattern 4 and translate the sentences.
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Grammar pattern 4
(WH) |
DID |
They |
V |
? |
You |
||||
We |
||||
I |
||||
He |
||||
She |
||||
It |
||||
My friends |
||||
Ann |
Где он учился в прошлом году? |
Where did he study last year? |
Куда они ездили на прошлой неделе? |
Where did they go last week? |
Кого ваша сестра пригласила на вечеринку? |
Whom did your sister invite to the party? |
Сколько экзаменов они сдавали прошлой зимой? |
How many exams did they take last winter? |
Чем он был занят? |
What was he busy with? |
Как далеко он жил от университета? |
How far did he live from the University? |
Почему она выглядела измученной? |
Why did she look exhausted? |
Как часто учитель спрашивал вас на занятиях? |
How often did the teacher ask you at the lessons? |
Зачем ты пропускал лекции? |
Why did you miss lectures? |
Почему они опоздали на прошлой неделе? |
Why were they late last week? |
Как ты добирался до вокзала? |
How did you get to the railway station? |
Куда они ходили после занятий? |
Where did they go after lessons? |
Как часто он помогал маме по хозяйству? |
How often did he help mother to keep house? |
Почему она ждала с нетерпением летних каникул? |
Why did she look forward to summer holidays? |
Когда ты обычно принимал душ? |
When did you usually take a shower? |
Где работали твои родители? |
Where did your parents work? |
Какие программы твои друзья смотрели по TV, когда они были свободны? |
What programs did your friends watch on TV, when they were free? |
Почему некоторые студенты опаздывали на занятия? |
Why were some students late for the lessons? |
Кому ты помогал написать к.р.? |
Whom did you help to write a test? |