- •2. Answer the questions to the text.
- •2. 1. Read the texts paying attention to your time of reading.
- •Early american experience
- •Later american experience
- •Into the 1800s
- •2. Translate from English into Russian.
- •3. Give a short characteristic to Kendall.
- •Emergence of the Robber Barons
- •2. Answer the questions to the text.
- •4. Translate the text from English into Russian.
- •4. 1. Read the text paying attention to your time of reading.
- •Enter the Muckrakers
- •2. Make a report on the topic of the text.
- •5. 1. Read the text paying attention to your time of reading.
- •Ivy lee: a father of modern public relations
- •3.Answer the questions.
- •Personal Ethics
- •2.Find all the abbreviations in the text, decode and translate them.
- •3. Answer the questions to the text.
- •Code of Professional Standards for the Practice of Public Relations
- •Ethics and Law
- •2. Answer the questions to the text.
- •4. Make a report with your own examples on the problems raised in the texts.
- •4. Read the text paying attention to your time of reading.
- •Characteristics of a professional group
- •Ethical Codes
- •Licensure
- •1. Speak on the history of prsa Code.
- •2.Give a complete answer to the questions.
- •5. Read the text attentively. Answer the questions given below each case. Discuss the problems with your partner.
- •Public Opinion
- •2. Speak of the different opinions on puiblic relations practitioner.
- •3. Answer the questions to the text.
- •The Public Relations Practitioner's View of the Journalist
- •Mutual Dependence
- •Building Positive Relationships
- •Preparing to Meet the Media
- •Opportunities Offered by Media Contact
- •Preparation Strategies
- •2.Say wtether it is right or wrong and what is your opinion on the following:
- •4. 1. Read the text.
- •Publicity
- •Glossary of pr and Business Terms.
- •Agency tariff a rate bureau publication that contains rates for many carriers
- •Abbreviations
- •Wto World Trade Organisation - Международная торговая организация
- •Сокращения
- •Vocabulary
- •Библиографический список
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2. Make a report on the topic of the text.
5. 1. Read the text paying attention to your time of reading.
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Ivy lee: a father of modern public relations
Ivy Ledbetter Lee was a former Wall Street reporter who plunged into publicity work in 1903. Lee believed in neither Barnum's the-public-be-fooled approach nor Vanderbilt's the-public-be-damned philosophy. For Lee, the key to business acceptance and understanding was that the public be informed. Lee firmly believed that the only way business could answer its critics convincingly was to present its side honestly, accurately, and forcefully.9 Instead of merely appeasing the public. Lee thought a company should strive to earn public confidence and good will. Sometimes this task meant looking further for mutual solutions. At other times, it even meant admitting that the company was wrong. Hired by the anthracite coal industry in 1906, Lee set forth his beliefs in a Declaration of Principles to newspaper editors:
This is not a secret press bureau. All our work is done in the open. We aim to supply news. This is not an advertising agency; if you think any of our matter ought properly to go to your business office, do not use it. Our matter is accurate. Further details on any subject treated will be supplied promptly, and any editor will be assisted most cheerfully in verifying any statement of fact.... In brief, our plan is frankly and openly, on behalf of business concerns and public institutions, to supply to the press and public of the United States prompt and accurate information concerning subjects, which are of value and interest.
In 1914, John D. Rockefeller, jr., who headed one of the most maligned and misunderstood of America's wealthy families, hired Lee. As Lee's biographer Ray Eldon Hiebert has pointed out. Lee did less to change the Rockefellers' policies than to give them a public hearing.10 For example, when the family was censured scathingly for its role in breaking up a strike at the Rockefeller-owned Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, the family hired a labor relations expert (at Lee's recommendation) to determine the causes of an incident that had led to several deaths. The result of this effort was the formation of a joint labor-management board to mediate all workers' grievances on wages, hours, and working conditions. Years later, Rockefeller admitted that the public relations outcome of the Colorado strike "was one of the most important things that ever happened to the Rockefeller family."
In working for the Rockefellers, Lee tried to humanize them, to feature them in real-life situations such as playing golf, attending church, and celebrating birthdays. Simply, Lee's goal was to present the Rockefellers in terms that every individual could understand and appreciate. Years later, despite their critics, the family came to be known as one of the nation's outstanding sources of philanthropic support.
But even Ivy Lee could not escape the glare of public criticism. In the late 1920s, Lee was asked to serve as adviser to the parent company of the German Dye Trust, which, as it turned out, was an agent for the policies of Adolf Hitler. When Lee realized the nature of Hitler's intentions, he advised the Dye Trust cartel to work to alter Hitler's ill-conceived policies of restricting religious and press freedom. For his involvement with the Dye Trust, Lee was branded a traitor and dubbed "Poison Ivy" by members of Congress investigating un-American activities. The smears against him in the press rivaled the most vicious ones against the robber barons. Despite his unfortunate involvement with the Dye Trust, Ivy Lee is recognized as the individual who brought honesty and candor to public relations. Lee, more than anyone before him, transformed the field from a questionable pursuit (i.e., seeking positive publicity at any cost) into a professional discipline designed to win public confidence and trust through communications based on openness and truth.
2.Find the sentences with the international words and explain their meaning in English.