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PHYSICS

UDC 53

А. Antipina – Student;

V.М. Kornev – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

LUX-AMPERE CHARACTERISTICS OF LED LAMPS

Abstract. If you decide to change the incandescent or fluorescent lamps to LED lamps, it is necessary first of all to pay attention to the main characteristics of the LED lamps. We investigated the LED lamps of the type «Navigator», rated for 12 V and 50

W, that worked for six hours both day and night. Exploring the main characteristics of LED lamps, it can be concluded that the transition from incandescent to more efficient energy saving lamps requires a number of significant expenses for their purchase, but in service life and efficiency they pay for themselves in the shortest period of time of their operation.

Key words: incandescent lamps, LED lamps, power, luminous flux, energy sav-

ing.

UDC 53

Iu.N. Zubarev, A.D. Dokukin – Students;

N.K. Shestakova – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

DETERMINING SUGAR CONCENTRATION IN JUICES BY POLARIMETER

Abstract. We determined the concentration of sugar in the apple juice of five producers; concentration of sugar in juices made with a polarimeter P-161M at the Department of Physics, Perm State Agricultural Academy within the research work by the 1st and 2nd year-students.

Key words: sugar concentration, polarized light, polarimeter, content of sugars in juice.

UDC 577.3

Е.V. Zykova – Student;

I.М. Skumbin – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

FROM NEW PHYSICS TO NEW BIOLOGY

Abstract. The development of scientific research in the field of DNA structure , the transfer of genetic information to subsequent generations and the possibility of genetically modified organisms have been discussed in this article. GMO is a body, genotype, which has been artificially altered using genetic engineering techniques. All this was made possible by the emergence of new physics, whose were the creators were great scientists – Rutherford, Bohr, Schrödinger, Delbruck, Watson, Crick, etc. As a result, a new biology allows us to unlock the mysteries of life.

Key words: DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA - ribonucleic acid; double helix; chromosome; replication; proteins; GMOs; gene; nucleotides; biopolymer; PCR - polymerase chain reaction.

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UDC 53

N.А. Kulikov – Student;

V.А. Volkov – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

GIANT SPIN SEEBECK EFFECT

Abstract. The paper deals with the development of ideas about the thermoelectric phenomena of "classical" Seebeck effect in metals to the so-called "spin". Seebeck effect in ferromagnetics and semiconductors placed in a strong magnetic field at low temperatures.

Key words: thermopower, thermocouple, Fermi level, phonons, indium antimonide.

UDC 53:664.8

Iu.S. Putina – Student;

E.S. Mazunina – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

DETERMINING THE SUGAR CONTENT

IN APPLE JUICE BY ABBE REFRACTOMETER

Abstract. The work is devoted to methods for determining the concentration of sugar in a clear solution. The concentration of sugar in five different apple juices sold in retail stores has been determined.

Key words: sugar concentration, total internal reflection, Abbe refractometer.

MATHEMATICS

UDC: 167+ 510.649

I.Iu. Andreeva – Student;

V.V. Aiupov – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

FRACTAL LOGIC

Abstract. Fractals are models of complex structures such as abstract mathematical sets, natural objects, thinking processes, etc. Fractal logic is a new, not yet completely settled term, an attempt to expand the concept of fractal, summarize its idea in the theory of knowledge and thinking. From the point of fractal logic, paradoxes can be considered as a matter of formal, instrumental and social-cultural study.

Key words: fractals, logic, mathematical models, logic fractals, paradoxes.

UDC: 530.1+72.01

V.D. Gavrilov – Student;

V.V. Aiupov – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

FRACTALS AND ARCHITECTURE

Abstract. Fractals are mathematical models of complex geometrical sets, whose shape is fundamentally different from traditional geometric shapes - points, lines and planes. Understanding of the fractal structure of nature organization influences the

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formation of fractal architectural concepts of the urban environment, which can be a stimulus for the development of urban development concepts based on new technologies, materials, facilities and equipment.

Key words: fractals, architecture, mathematical models, self-similarity, morphogenesis.

FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

AND ZOOTECHNY ANIMAL NUTRITION AND BREEDING

UDC 633.3:631.52+631.584.5

E.O. Ieltysheva – Student;

S.Iu. Piankova – Scientific Advisor, Senior Teacher.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

USE OF INBREEDING FOR OBTAINING

THE ORLOV TROTTERS CLASSED AT 2.10,0 AND BETTER

Abstract. The paper is devoted to the estimation of the effect of inbreeding for obtaining the Orlov Trotters classed 2.10,0 and better in hippodrome examination at a distance of 1600 m.

Key words: the Orlov Trotter breed, belonging to lines of breeding, speed, trial- and-error method, outbreeding, inbreeding, inbreeding coefficient, inbreeding type.

UDC 636.087

К.А. Zakharova – Student;

О.Iu. Iunusova – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EFFECT OF PRE-STARTER MIXED FODDER

ON GROWTH OF CALVES IN NURSING PERIOD

Abstract. The paper presents the experiment which considers the effect of prestarter mixed fodder on growth of calves in nursing period. It was established that feeding with pre-starter since three-day age stimulates increase of the absolute gain by 17.2%, average daily gain – by 24.9%.

Key words: pre-starter mixed fodder, calves, the absolute gain, average daily gain, relative growth.

UDC 636.4

А.G. Maksimov – Cand.Agr.Sci, Associate Professor.

Don State Agrarian University

MEAT QUALITIES AND GENOTYPE OF SWINE

Abstract. Influence of different variants of industrial crossing of sows of LW breed with producers of LW, Y, L, and D breeds on slaughter qualities and physical and chemical properties and chemical composition of muscular tissue of thoroughbred and crossbred yelts has been studied. It has been established that cross-breeds 1/2LW+ 1/2L are characterised by better slaughter and meat qualities. Crossing of sows of LW breed with boars-breeders of Y and D breeds gives the least result.

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Key words: swine, crossing, slaughter and meat qualities, physical and chemical properties, chemical composition of muscular tissue.

UDC 636.4.082.26

А.G. Maksimov – Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor;

Don State Agrarian University

EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL CROSSING OF SOWS OF LARGE WHITE BREED WITH BOARS OF MEAT BREEDS

Abstract. The results of studies on the compatibility of Large White swine with boars of Yorkshire, Duroc and Landrace breeds have been presented. Research results suggest a preference for use in industrial crossing of sows of Large White breed with Landrace boars.

Key words: crossing, hybridization, pig farming, Large White breed, Yorkshire, Duroc, Landrace.

UDC 636.4.083.1

E. A. Nekrasova – Student;

L.V. Sycheva – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

MEAT, FATTENING AND SLAUGHTER QUALITIES OF PUREBRED

AND CROSSBRED SWINE

Abstract. Meat, fattening and slaughter qualities of purebred and crossbred pigs and positive influence of two-breed hybrids (LW × L) on average daily gain, slaughter weight, carcass yield, length, half-carcasses, ham weight, eye muscle area have been studied.

Key words: fattening, average daily gain, fattening, meat and slaughter quali-

ties.

UDC 636.084.1 (470.53)

А.N. Popov – Post-Graduate Student;

V.А. Sitnikov – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EFFECT OF GRAIN AFTER HYDROBAROTHERMIC PROCESSING

ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS

Abstract. It has been established that by exposing the whole cornmeal to heat and pressure in the aqueous medium the hydrolysis of starch to fibre and partial to monosaccharaides occurs, the sugar content of the hydrolyzate is increased by more than 2 times. Using grain after hydrobarothermic processing enhances milk production in cows, improve their physiological state.

Key words: grain, water, steam, pressure, sugar, milk production.

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UDC 636

Т.А. Popova – Post-Graduate Student;

L.V. Sycheva – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

OPTIMIZATION OF RUMEN DIGESTION –

THE KEY TO IMPROVING MILK PRODUCTIVITY

Abstract. In this article the influence of rumen microorganisms on nutrient digestibility of forages, dependence between the number of bacteria and ciliates in the rumen contents and productivity of ruminants have been considered.

Key words: rumen, digestibility, digestion, bacteria, ciliates.

UDC 633.3:631.52 +631.584.5

К.О. Suetina – Student;

О.Iu. Kavardakova – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

ROLE OF DAM NESTS IN ORLOV TROTTER BREEDING

AT THE PERMSKII HORSE BREEDING PLANT No9 LLC

Abstract: The paper considers the role of dam nests in breeding Orlov trotter of the Permian type and the most valuable dam nests giving offspring characterized by high level of efficiency.

Key words: Orlov trotter, dam families, dam nest, speed, exterior, expert evaluation, constitution indices.

UDC 636.087.7:636.084

А.S. Telnov – Post-Graduate Student;

L.V. Sycheva – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

USE OF PROTEIN-VITAMIN PRODUCT IN FEEDING FATTENING SWINE

Abstract. The effect of feeding protein-vitamin product on the growth of swine for fattening and positive influence of the additive on the average live weight gain, as well as meat and feeding quality of fattening pigs has been studied.

Key words: fattening, average daily gain, protein-vitamin product, fattening and meat quality.

UDC 636.32/.38.084 (470.53)

V.V. Khokhlov – Post-Graduate Student;

V.А. Sitnikov – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

GLYCEROL AS AN ENERGETIC SUPPLEMENT

IN RATIONS OF PREGNANT EWES

Abstract. It was found that feeding 30 g of glycerol to ewes in the second half of pregnancy led to increase of energy levels in the ration on 0.54 MJ, and slightly better growth of foetus, what became apparent in the increase in the average live weight of lambs at birth to 780 g (P <0.001) compared with lambs received from the ewes in the control group.

Key words: glycerol, sheep, diet, energy, lambs, live weight.

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UDC 636.74

Т.N. Iaburova – Post-Graduate Student;

V.А. Sitnikov – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EFFICIENCY OF USE OF VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM

IN ANIMALS NUTRITION

Abstract. The results of a literature review on the use of feeding different types of animals with different forms of selenium have been presented in the article. On the basis of the analysed sources it has been revealed that the highest returns are obtained by the use of the organic forms of selenium that are closer in their nature to living beings.

Key words: micro-elements, selenium, cows, poultry, growth, swine, digestibility, dogs.

INTERNAL NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES, SURGERY, OBSTETRICS

UDC 619:616.98+636.2

М.V. Avrova – Student;

О.V. Kochetova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Vet.Sci., Senior Teacher.

Perm Institute FSPE of Russia

INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT FEEDING TYPES

ON MORPHOLOGICAL INDICES OF BLOOD IN SERVICE DOGS

Abstract. Of the living conditions of the dogs feeding is a crucial factor of functional and morphological variability. Character of feeding primarily affects the digestive system related to processing and digestion of food, and finally, the entire body of the dog in general.

Key words: service dogs, feeding type, morphological indices of blood.

UDC 619:618:579

D.R. Bibikova – Post-Graduate Student;

G.М. Topuriia – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Orenburg State Agrarian University

INFLUENCE OF GUVITAN-C ON LYSOZYME

AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF BLOOD SERUM IN YOUNG SWINE

Abstract. Influence of humic preparation Guvitan-C on lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum has been studied. It has been established that the preparation stimulates humoral factor of natural resistance of young swine.

Key words: swine, humic substances, lysozyme, bactericidal activity of blood se-

rum.

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UDC 619:616-097.3:615

D.R. Bibikova – Post-Graduate Student;

G.М. Topuriia – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Orenburg State Agrarian University

PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF LEUKOCYTES OF BLOOD IN PIGLET WEANERS

Abstract. The influence of humic preparation Guvitan-C on the phagocytic properties of leukocytes in pigs has been investigated. It has been found that the preparation stimulates cellular immunity in weaned piglets.

Key words: piglet weaners, humic preparation, phagocytosis.

UDC 619

А.S. Kirillovykh – Post-Graduate Student;

S.D. Andreeva – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor.

Viatka State Agricultural Academy

STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF ENDOCRINE PANCREAS

IN RATS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE DESTRUCTIVE PANCREATITIS

Abstract. This article describes the changes in the endocrine pancreas in rats at the light and electron levels in experimental acute destructive pancreatitis (ADP).

Key words: Pancreas, pancreatitis, rats, islands of Langerhans, acini.

UDC 576.385.7

V.V. Nifontova – Student;

Е.О. Chugunova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Vet.Sci., Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

ACIDS AND ALKALIS ON A CELL

Abstract. Cell is an elementary integral unit of structure and functioning of all organisms. All the many functions of a cell and biochemical changes in it are associated with certain structures - organelles that perform specific functions. Acid and alkaline solutions with a concentration of 0.1 mole/l and 10 % caused cell death. Acid at a concentration of 0.02 mole/l was less pathogenic (25.6 % of survival) as compared with the same concentration of alkali (14.3 % of survival). Even a weak alkali solution (0.02 mole/l) destroys the cell endoplasmic membrane.

Key words: acid and alkaline solutions, the concentration, the survival rate of ciliates, cell death, pathological effect.

UDC 619:616.995.132.2

V.V. Pirogov – Post-Graduate Student;

G.М. Topuriia – Scientific Advisor, Professor.

Orenburg State Agrarian University

BLOOD VALUE OF CATTLE UNDER THE EFFECT OF PLANT FEED ADDITIVE

Abstract. The effect of plant feed additive Germivit on blood indices of calves for fattening has been studied. The positive effect of the preparation on the morphological composition of the blood of young cattle has been established.

Key words: Germivit, bull-calf, blood.

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UDC 619:615.33

S.V. Semionov – Post-Graduate Student; G.М. Topuriia – Scientific Advisor, Professor. Orenburg State Agrarian University

EFFECT OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES ON T- AND B-SYSTEMS

OF IMMUNITY IN SWINE

Abstract. The influence of lignohumate-KD-A on T-and B-immunity system of sows and their offspring has been studied. It has been found that the preparation has a positive effect on the quantitative content of immune cells in the blood of swine.

Key words: swine, humic preparation, T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes.

UDC 619:616.1/.4

Е.V. Ustiuzhanina – Student;

L.V. Pilip – Scientific Advisor, Associate Professor;

О.V. Biakova – Scientific Advisor, Senior Teacher. Viatka State Agricultural Academy

CAUSES OF ACUTE GASTRO-INTESTINAL DISEASES IN PIGLETS

Abstract. Acute gastro-intestinal diseases of new-born pigs are common in all pig farms. One of the causes of these diseases is decrease in the natural resistance of the mothers that causes disbiotic states in piglets and is shown in disorder in the functioning of the gastro-intestinal tract of pigs.

Key words: gastro-intestinal diseases, aetiology, pigs, biochemical and immunological studies of blood.

UDC 619:612.017:615:618.2:636.2

V.V. Shtebe – Post-Graduate Student;

D.F. Ibishev – Scientific Advisor, Dr.Vet.Sci., Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EFFECTIVENESS OF HOMEOPATHIC PREPARATIONS OF THE HELVET COMPANY IN TREATMENT OF GYNAECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGIES IN COWS

Abstract. The main causes of premature culling of animals are diseases of the reproductive system. In modern veterinary medicine there are a lot of ways to prevent and treat these diseases. Usually all of these techniques include antibiotics, which are released with milk and, in some cases, cause severe allergic reactions of animals, thereby impairing diseases and extending the period of recovery. Therefore, there was the need to use an objective of homeopathic preparations, through which effective treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the reproductive system cows can be provided.

Key words: cows, homeopathic preparations, obstetric-gynaecologic pathology,

milk.

TECHNOLOGIES OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS

UDC 636.5 D.S.Arkhipov – Student;

О.S. Mikriukova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor. Perm State Agricultural Academy

TECHNOLOGY OF PHEASANT MEAT PRODUCTION

Abstract. Pheasant production as a special branch of the poultry has been for a long time and every year is becoming more widespread, both abroad and in the hunting

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areas in our country. Pheasant meat is considered as a dietary meat as it has high protein content to 26-27 % and fat content in the muscles of the chest is low 17.5%. In the world there are two directions of breeding pheasants: for hunting and for fattening. Also in the article the results of fattening castrated pheasants have been considered.

Key words: pheasant, castration, capon, feeding phase, wildfowl, meat quality.

UDC 636.598.087.7

К.V. Bagaeva – Student;

О.S. Mikriukova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EGGS HATCHING QUALITIES OF LINDOVSKAIA GOOSE BREED UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE AGROFIRMA IUGOVSKOE LLC

Abstract. Genetic potential of geese both of a particular individual and breed groups of various production directions under similar environment conditions is actualized unequal. It has been established that to the same changes in the environment birds with different heredity characteristics respond completely different and these responses relate to rather big numbers of economic characters. As a result of analysis of egglaying capacity in Lindovskaia goose breed that belongs to heavy type low productivity and low hatching quality of eggs have been educed.

Key words: genotype, genetic potential, correlation coefficient, productivity, incubation qualities of eggs.

UDC 636.5

А.I. Burdina – Student;

О.S. Mikriukova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN GEESE

UNDER VARIOUS SEX RATIO IN A GROUP

Abstract. Fecundity of geese depends on many factors: breed, age of the bird, their sexual early maturation, season of the year, activity of ganders, modes of housing, feeding and, of course, on sex ratio. In agricultural birds in natural mating males and females at the floor housing, sex ratio is from 1:3 to 1:12 depending on species. Expansion of sex ratio with 1:3 to 1:4 allowed increasing egg production by 0.9 pcs. without reducing the egg-laying capacity and young output.

Key words: fertility, sex ratio, embrionation, hatching quality of eggs.

UDC: 644.3:636.083:636.52.58(470.53)

К.А. Demeneva – Student;

О.S. Mikriukova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

APPLICATION OF LED-LIGHT SOURCES

IN HUSBANDRY OF LAYING HENS

Abstract. Light belongs to the key factors of viability of birds and has a significant impact on growth, development, productive and reproductive performance of birds.

The study was conducted using comparison of productivity in control and experimental groups of hens with the use of different light sources.

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During the experiment, egg-laying capacity per an average egg-laying hen in the experimental group with LED lighting has increased by 2.5 %, and egg mass output – by 4.7%. Feed intake per head per day in groups did not have differences. Per 10 pcs . of eggs feed costs were lower in the experimental group by 0.03 kg , while electricity consumption decreased by 87%. The economic efficiency of LED light sources on laying hens in the housing with 50 thousand heads was 2,220,800 rubles.

Key words: light, light sources, LED lamps, egg production, wavelength.

UDC 636.082.2.636.1

Iu.D. Shiriaeva – Student;

V.I. Polkovnikova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Agr.Sci., Associate Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

EVALUATION OF SPEED OF ORLOV TROTTERS

AT THE AGE OF 2-4 YEARS AT THE HIPPODROME PERMSKII

Abstract. Training and hippodrome testing of horses is an important part of breeding. It has been found that speed shown by horses in the hippodrome tests positively correlated with constitutional strength, resistance and breeding value of animals. Russian horse breeding is interested in work with the most promising horses and trotters to apply to them the training system that is the most effective. [1]

Key words: Orlov trotters, hippodrome, hippodrome training, speed, testing, heat, trot, distance.

INFECTION DISEASES

UDC 619:616.98

N.N. Burlakova – Student;

О.V. Kochetova – Scientific Advisor, Cand.Vet.Sci., Senior Teacher.

Perm Institute FSPE of Russia

EPIZOOTIC STATE ON ANIMAL RABIES IN PERMSKII KRAI

Abstract. The paper presents a statistical analysis of the detection of rabies cases in domestic and wild animals in the Perm krai in 2013. It was found that the main sources of infection are foxes. The number of rabies cases increased during the autumnwinter period.

Key word: rabies, epizootiology, dogs, foxes.

UDC 619.616.99

D.Iu. Klekovkina – Student;

Т.N. Sivkova – Scientific Advisor, Dr.Bio.Sci., Professor.

Perm State Agricultural Academy

DISTRIBUTION OF SARCOCYSTIS INFECTION IN PERM

Abstract. A study of the meat of farm animals has been conducted. It has been found that 100% of cattle have been infected with muscle sarcocysts. In pigs, this invasion is not revealed. Statistical processing of the results of a survey of domestic carnivores in 2010-2012 showed a high extent of infestation in dogs and growth of this indicator in cats.

Key words: sarcocystis infection, meat, cattle, swine, cats, dogs.

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