Учебный год 22-23 / Sarbash-2

)*8./&9&'8= ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#". # $9-,(83 . +&/& (,(. 1529 B0 0.&:-) <*>. 7 *",,86,#"% ?-#"'"+-(&/1,(.& ,$+ '& .)*-.& :&? ,"5/-,8= 8,(A- )" ,":,(.&''"6 8'8A8-(8.& )*8./&91 +*$58< ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#". . #-9&,(.& "(.&(98#"., &,/8 ("/1#" . ,.=?8 , <-*-#(&*"% ,)"*'"5" "('";&'8= "' '& ,"9(&( '&."?%"@'E% *-,,%"(*&'8& +&/- :&? ,""(.&(,(.$3>8< +"/@'8#".

<**>.

--------------------------------

<*> B*-@+-',#86 #"+, 0.&:-. 4. 239.

<**> 4%.: W$6#". 7. 2*8'A8) +8,)"?8(8.'",(8 . 5*-@+-',#"%

,$+")*"8?."+,(.& // 0"',$/1(-'(2/3,.

!

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

. ,8/$ ?-#"'-, - .E?E.-&( ."?'8#'".&'8& *&5*&,,'"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.-, #"("*"&, :$+$98 '".E%, '& %"@&( 8%&(1 ":&,)&9&'8=, )*&+'-?'-9&''"5" +/= )*&@'&5" )**-(8.;&5",= 8,)"/'&'8&% ":=?-(&/1,(.-. !- 8 +&6,(.8= #*&+8("*- )*-#(89&,#8 '& %"5$( )"./8=(1 '- ":I&% *&5*&,,'"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.-, #"("*E6

.,&5+- :$+&( *-.&' $)/-9&''"%$ "+'8% 8? ,"+"/@'8#". ?- .E9&("%

,""(.&(,(.$3>&6 +"/8 (8/8 && 9-,(8), )-+-3>&6 '- *&5*&+8&'(-.

!

2",/&+,(.8& 8,)"/'&'8= ":=?-(&/1,(.- "+'8% 8? +"/@'8#".

!

2" ,-%"6 )*8*"+& ,"/8+-*'"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.- .8+'", 9(" #*&+8("* .".,& '& $)*-."%"9&' )"/$9-(1 8,)"/'&'8& . )"/'"% ":I&%& , #-@+"5" 8? +"/@'8#".. G(" $(.&*@+&'8& . +"#-?-(&/1,(.&, +- 8 . )"?8(8.'"% *&5$/8*".-'88, '& '$@+-&(,=. Q+'-#" ?-#"' (). 1 ,(. 325 B0 CD) $,(-'-./8.-&(, 9(" 8,)"/'&'8& ,"/8+-*'"6 ":=?-''",(8 )"/'",(13 "+'8% 8? +"/@'8#". ",.":"@+-&( ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#". "( 8,)"/'&'8= #*&+8("*$.

M'"5+- . /8(&*-($*& '& ,".,&% ("9'" $#-?E.-3( '- (", 9(", &,/8 <"(= :E "+8' 8? +"/@'8#". .*$98/ #*&+8("*$ 8,)"/'&'8& . )"/'"% ":I&%&, )",/&+'86 8? ":=?-(&/1,(.- .E:E.-&( <*>. 2"/$9&'8& #*&+8("*"% '-+/&@->&5" 8,)"/'&'8=, )*89&% '& .-@'", "( "+'"5" 8? ,"+"/@'8#"., "( '&,#"/1#8< 8/8 "( .,&<, ./&9&( )**->&'8& ":=?-(&/1,(.-, )"H("%$ . ("9'"% ,%E,/& ,/".- #*&+8("*$ .E:E.-(1 '&"(#$+-. 7 H("% @& ,%E,/& 8 ,-% ?-#"' '&

.)"/'& ("9&', #"5+- 5"."*8( ": ",.":"@+&'88 ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#". "( 8,)"/'&'8= #*&+8("*$ )*8 8,)"/'&'88 ,"/8+-*'"6 ":=?-''",(8 )"/'",(13 "+'8% 8? +"/@'8#".. Q,.":"+8(1 %"@'" /8;1 "( ,$>&,(.$3>&5" :*&%&'8, "+'-#" &,/8 ":=?-(&/1,(." )**->&'", (" "( '&5" '8#"5" '&/1?= ",.":"+8(1,

8:" ",.":"+8(1 %"@'" /8;1 "( ,$>&,(.$3>&5". 2"H("%$ ("9'&& :E/" :E 5"."*8(1 " ("%, 9(" 8,)"/'&'8& ,"/8+-*'"6 ":=?-''",(8 )"/'",(13 "+'8% 8? +"/@'8#". )**->-&( ":=?-(&/1,(." +"/@'8#". )&*&+ #*&+8("*"%.

--------------------------------

<*> 0"%%&'(-*86 # B0 C4D4C / 2"+ *&+. R.O. D/&6;8A, Q.4. M"SS&.

M?+. 2-&, +"). 8 )&*&*-:. 4. 271 (-.("* #"%%&'(-*8= Q.4. M"SS&).

!

4"/8+-*'",(1 ":=?-(&/1,(.- ":I(8.'E% ":*-?"% )*&+)"/-5-&( '&":<"+8%",(1 $*&5$/8*".-'8= "('";&'86 '& ("/1#" %&@+$ #*&+8("*"% 8 +"/@'8#-%8, '" 8 %&@+$ ,-%8%8 +"/@'8#-%8. Q+'-#" H(" '$@'" (-%, 5+& ,-%8 +"/@'8#8 '& 8%&3( ,"5/-;&'8= " )",/&+,(.8=< 8,)"/'&'8= ":=?-(&/1,(.- "+'8% 8? '8<. 4 8,)"/'&'8&% ":=?-(&/1,(.- "+'8% 8? ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#". . )"/1?$ .&*8(&/= )**->-&(,= 8 ,-%" ":=?-(&/1,(.&''"& "('";&'8&. 7"?'8#-3>86 .,/&+ ?- (&% .")*", " ("%,

.)*-.& /8 +"/@'8#, 8,)"/'8.;86 +&6,(.8&, #"("*"& ,",(-./=/" ,"+&*@-'8& ":=?-(&/1,(.-, ":*-(8(1,= , (*&:".-'8&% *-?.&*,(#8 # ",(-/1'E% ,"/8+-*'E% +"/@'8#-%, '& ,"&+8'&' , ,"/8+-*'",(13 '&":<"+8%"6 ,.=?13. 2*"8?."+,(." )"+":'"6 *-?.&*,(#8 ",'".E.-&(,= '& '- ,"/8+-*'",(8, - '- ("% "('";&'88, #"("*"& ,$>&,(.".-/" %&@+$ ,$:I(-%8 <*>. C-?*&;&'8& H("5" .")*",- ?-.8,8( "( ?-#"'- 8/8 ,"5/-;&'8=.

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: Z&*;&'&.89 B.D. J9&:'8# *$,,#"5" 5*-@+-',#"5" )*-.-. 4-&

8?+. 4. 388.

!

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

--------------------------------

<*> 0"%%&'(-*86 # B0 C4D4C / 2"+ *&+. R.O. D/&6;8A, Q.4. M"SS&.

M?+. 2-&, +"). 8 )&*&*-:. 4. 271 (-.("* #"%%&'(. Q.4. M"SS&).

!

R,/8 8'"& '& .E(-&( 8? "('";&'86 %&@+$ ,"/8+-*'E%8 +"/@'8#-%8,

V-#"' )*&+$,%-(*8.-&( +.- )*-.8/-, *&5$/8*$3>8< "('";&'8= %&@+$ ,"+"/@'8#-%8 )",/& $+"./&(."*&'8= #*&+8("*-.

2&*."& )*-.8/" ?-#/39-&(,= . ,/&+$3>&%. !"/@'8#, 8,)"/'8.;86 ,"/8+-*'$3 ":=?-''",(1, 8%&&( )*-." *&5*&,,'"5" (*&:".-'8= # ",(-/1'E% +"/@'8#-% . *-.'E< +"/=< ?- .E9&("% +"/8, )-+-3>&6 '- '&5" ,-%"5". L-#8% ":*-?"%, "+8' 8? ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#"., 8,)"/'8.;86 ":=?-(&/1,(."

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

.E9&("% +"/8 $)/-(8.;&5".

7("*"& )*-.8/" ,",("8( . ("%, 9(" '&$)/-9&''"& "+'8% 8? ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#". +"/@'8#$, 8,)"/'8.;&%$ ,"/8+-*'$3 ":=?-''",(1, )-+-&( . *-.'"6 +"/& '- H("5" +"/@'8#- 8 '- ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#"..

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

."?%&>&'8=. 7 $+"./&(."*&'88 (*&:".-'8= :E/" ":",'".-''" "(#-?-'", 8:"

.,& ,"$9-,('8#8 ",(-3(,= ":=?-''E%8 +" )"/'"5" ."?%&>&'8= $>&*:-, #"("*E6 %"5 :E(1 )"/'",(13 .?E,#-' , "+'"5" ?-=.8(&/=. P" 8 . (-#"% ,/$9-& )",/&+'86 ,%"5 :E )"(*&:".-(1 , +*$58< ,"$9-,('8#". )" 1/3 ,$%%E +"/5-, - )*8 "(#-?& "+'"5" 8? '8< - .?E,#-(1 , +*$5"5" &>& /8;1 1/6 ":>&6 ,$%%E <*>.

--------------------------------

<*> B*-@+-',#"& )*-.". 7 2 (. L. II. 2"/$("% 1 / Q(.. *&+. R.O. 4$<-'"..

2-& 8?+., )&*&*-:. 8 +"). 4. 26.

!

0 H("%$ ,/&+$&( +":-.8(1, 9(" $)/-(8.;86 +"/@'8# (#*&+8("* . *&5*&,,'"% ":=?-(&/1,(.&, 8/8 *&5*&,,'E6 #*&+8("*) 8%&&( )*-." (*&:".-(1 8,)"/'&'8= . *-.'E< +"/=< , +.$< +"/@'8#".. Q(#-? "+'"5" 8? '8< %"@&( )*8.&,(8 )" .E:"*$ *&5*&,,'"5" #*&+8("*- # 8?%&'&'83 ":=?-(&/1,(.-, *&?$/1(-("% #"("*"5" %"@&( =.8(1,= )&*&*-,)*&+&/&'8& +"/&6. G(" )&*&*-,)*&+&/&'8& :$+&( '-)*-./&'" '- ?->8($ 8'(&*&,". *&5*&,,'"5"

#*&+8("*-, #"("*E6 %"@&(, $.&/898. +"/3 '& "(#-?E.-3>&5",= +"/@'8#-, )"/$98(1 )*898(-3>&&,= , '&5", - '&+",(-3>&& .?E,#-(1 , "(#-?-.;&5",= "( 8,)"/'&'8= +"/@'8#-, )",#"/1#$ (-#"6 "(#-? .".,& '& ",.":"@+-&( )",/&+'&5" "( ":=?-(&/1,(.-, 8:" '& =./=&(,= )*-."%&*'E% <*>.

--------------------------------

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

(*$+E. 7 4 (. L. III. Q:=?-(&/1,(.&''"& )*-.". 42:., 2004. 4. 120).

!

!-/1'&6;8& "('";&'8= ()",/& )"/'"5" $+"./&(."*&'8= )*8(=?-'86 *&5*&,,'"5" #*&+8("*-) ":'8%-3(,= '".E% *&5*&,,'E% ":=?-(&/1,(."%, . *-%#-< #"("*"5" $)/-(8.;86 :"/1;$3 ,$%%$ +"/@'8# ('".E6 *&5*&,,'E6 #*&+8("*) .)*-.& ":*-(8(1,= , )*8(=?-'8&% # "(#-?E.-.;&%$,= 8,)"/'=(1 ":=?-(&/1,(.- +"/@'8#$.

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

--------------------------------

<*> B*-@+-',#86 #"+, P8+&*/-'+". / Q(.. *&+. D.\.N. D&/1+:*355&; 2&*.!, 5"//. N. D&*;(%-'-. 4. 283.

7?-8%""('";&'8= %&@+$ ,"/8+-*'E%8 +"/@'8#-%8 %"5$( ",/"@'8(1,= (-#@& (&% ":,("=(&/1,(."%, 9(" "+8' 8? '8< 8,)"/'=&( ":=?-(&/1,(.", '" '& )"/'",(13. 2*&+,(-./=&(,=, 9(" 8 . H("% ,/$9-& ":>86 )"+<"+, 8?/"@&''E6

.E;&, )"+/&@8( )*8%&'&'83, )",#"/1#$ . "(/898& "( '"("*E< 8'E<

)*-.")"*=+#". (,%., '-)*8%&*, ). 2 ,(. 544 B0 J#*-8'E <*>) *",,86,#86 ?-#"'"+-(&/1 '& ,.=?E.-&( )*8%&'&'8& 8?/"@&''"5" )*-.8/- , 8,)"/'&'8&% ":=?-(&/1,(.- "+'8% 8? +"/@'8#". '&)*&%&''" . )"/'"% ":I&%&. 2*8 H("%

.E9&( +"/8, )-+-3>&6 '- $)/-(8.;&5" ,"+"/@'8#-, ",$>&,(./=&(,= )*")"*A8"'-/1'" $)/-9&''"%$ 8%.

--------------------------------

<*> B*-@+-',#86 #"+, J#*-8'E. 4. 183.

!

2*-.8/- " .?-8%""('";&'8=< %&@+$ #*&+8("*"% 8 +"/@'8#-%8, *-.'"

#-# 8 %&@+$ ,-%8%8 +"/@'8#-%8, )*8%&'=3(,= . (&< ,/$9-=<, #"5+- ,"/8+-*'"& ":=?-(&/1,(." )**->-&(,= ?-9&("% .,(*&9'"5" "+'"*"+'"5" (*&:".-'8= "+'"5" 8? +"/@'8#". (). 3 ,(. 325 B0 CD), 9(" )*&+,(-./=&( ,":"6 '".&//$ B0 CD.

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

.,(*&9'"& (*&:".-'8& ,"(".-*8>-, #"("*"& $ '8< /89'" "(,$(,(.$&( (-:?. 2 § 422 BGB). Q9&.8+'E% (-#@& .E,($)-&( )*-." ,-%"5" #*&+8("*- )**-(8(1 ,"/8+-*'"& ":=?-(&/1,(." ?-9&("% . ,.=?8 ," ,."8% "+'"*"+'E% ":=?-(&/1,(."% )&*&+ "+'8% 8/8 '&,#"/1#8%8 +"/@'8#-%8, ,-%",("=(&/1'" ?-=.8. " '&% , ,":/3+&'8&% (*&:".-'86 ?-#"'- " ?-9&(& (,(. ,(. 410 - 412 B0 CD).

C",,86,#86 ?-#"' ,*&+8 +*$58< ,$**"5-(". 8,)"/'&'8= . H("6 9-,(8 ":*->-&(,= ("/1#" # "+'"%$ 8? '8< - ?-9&($. N&@+$ (&%, .8+8%", ":",'".-''" *-,)*",(*-'8(1 (-#"6 @& )"+<"+ 8 . "('";&'88 '"("*E< +*$58< ",'".-'86 )**->&'8= ":=?-(&/1,(.-. 0 (-#".E% %"5$( :E(1 "('&,&'E "(,($)'"&, '".-A8= <1> (,(. ,(. 409, 414 B0 CD). U. F-*"' )*8%&'8(&/1'" # *8%,#8% #"**&-/1'E% ":=?-(&/1,(.-% $#-?E.-/, 9(" 8,)"/'&'83 *-.'=&(,= depositio, datio in solutum, compensatio. P".-A8= @& . H("% *=+$ )*&+,(-./=/-,1 &%$ ,)"*'"6 <2>. NE @&, .,/&+ ?- !.!. B*8%"% <3> 8 7. B"/&.8',#8% <4>, '& .8+8% ",'".-'86 +/= 8,#/39&'8= '".-A88. O'-/"589'E% ":*-?"% *-?*&;-/ H("( .")*", 8 )*"( B*-@+-',#"5" $/"@&'8= C",,86,#"6 M%)&*88. 4"5/-,'" 9-,(8 .("*"6 ,(. 1714 2*"(-, &,/8 "+8' 8? ,"."#$)'E< +"/@'8#". )" +"5"."*$ , .&*8(&/&% )*8'=/ '- ,&:= '"."& ":=?-(&/1,(." .?-%&' ,"."#$)'"5", (" ",(-/1'E& +"/@'8#8 ",.":"@+-3(,= "( )*&@'&5" ":=?-(&/1,(.- 8 '& "(.&9-3( )" '"."%$. G("

,"5/-,$&(,= 8 , )"/"@&'8=%8 '&%&A#"5" )*-.-. 4"5/-,'" -:?. 1 § 422 BGB 8,)"/'&'8& ":=?-(&/1,(.- "+'8% 8? ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#". ",.":"@+-&( ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#". "( 8,)"/'&'8=. L" @& +&6,(.$&( 8 )*8 )*&+",(-./&'88 +"/@'8#"% 8'"5" 8,)"/'&'8= .%&,(" )*&+$,%"(*&''"5" - )*8 .'&,&'88 . +&)"?8( 8 )*8 ?-9&(&.

--------------------------------

<1> 4%.: !"@+&. !.7. C8%,#"& 9-,('"& )*-." / 2"+ *&+. 7.4. P&*,&,='A-.

4. 446.

<2> 4%.: F-*"' U. 48,(&%- *8%,#"5" 5*-@+-',#"5" )*-.-. M?+. 3-&. 7E). 3. 0'. IV. Q:=?-(&/1,(.&''"& )*-.". 4. 105 - 106.

<3> 4%.: B*8%% !.!. TA88 )" +"5%& *8%,#"5" )*-.- / 2"+ *&+. 7.O.

L"%,8'".-. N., 2003. 4. 319.

<4> 4%.: B"/&.8',#86 7. Q )*"8,<"@+&'88 8 +&/&'88 ":=?-(&/1,(.. 4. 237. !

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

.&*8(&/1 "(#-?E.-&(,= "( ,."&5" (*&:".-'8= ?- #-#"&-/8:" ."?'-5*-@+&'8&, )"/$9&''"& "( "+'"5" 8? ,"."#$)'E< +"/@'8#"., (" ",(-/1'E& +"/@'8#8 ",.":"@+-3(,= "( ":=?-(&/1,(.-, (-# #-# .&*8(&/1 '& .)*-.& 8,#-(1 +."6'"5" $+"./&(."*&'8= )" ,."&%$ (*&:".-'83 <**>. L-#8% ":*-?"%, ,%"(*= )" ("%$, =./=&(,= /8 +"5"."* )*">&'8= +"/5- ."?%&?+'E% 8/8 :&?."?%&?+'E%, ":=?-(&/1,(.- ,"+"/@'8#". ,""(.&(,(.&''" /8:" )**->-3(,=, /8:", #-# )*-.8/", '& )**->-3(,= <***>.

--------------------------------

<*> 7 BGB '- H("( ,9&( ,#-?-'": ,"5/-;&'8& %&@+$ #*&+8("*"% 8 "+'8% 8? ,"/8+-*'E< +"/@'8#". ": ",.":"@+&'88 )",/&+'&5" "( 8,)"/'&'8= ",.":"@+-&( 8 ",(-/1'E< +"/@'8#"., &,/8 A&/13 ,"5/-;&'8= :E/" )**->&'8& .,&5" ":=?-(&/1,(.- (§ 423).

<**> B*-@+-',#"& $/"@&'8&. 2*"( / 2"+ *&+. M.N. L3(*3%".-, ,",(. O.T. 4--(98-'. L. 2. 4. 295.

<***> 7 ,".*&%&''"6 /8(&*-($*& " ."?%&?+'"% 8 :&?."?%&?+'"% +"5"."*& )*">&'8= +"/5- ,%.: 0*-;&'8''8#". R. Q )*">&'88 +"/5- //

Y"?=6,(." 8 )*-.". 2002. N 10. 4. 76 - 81.

!

2" %'&'83 5&*%-',#8< 3*8,("., ?-#"'"+-(&/1,(." +")$,#-&( )*">&'8& +"/5- . ;8*"#"% 8 $?#"% ,%E,/&, (.&. . )&*."% .-*8-'(& ,/"@&'8& +"/5- *-,)*",(*-'=&(,= '- .,&< ,"+"/@'8#"., - ." .("*"% - ("/1#" '- "+'"5". 7 ,/$9-& ,"%'&'86 +"5"."* " ,/"@&'88 +"/5- ("/#$&(,= "5*-'898(&/1'" <*>.

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: F&*'5&S( D., 0"/&* M. B*-@+-',#"& )*-." B&*%-'88. 4. 233.

!

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

+"/@'8#". ":=?-(&/1,(." )**->-&(,= . *-?%&*&, )*8<"+=>&%,= '- +"/3 H("5" +"/@'8#- (,""(.&(,(.&''" ,(. ,(. 496 8 472). O'-/"589'$3 )"?8A83 ?-'8%-/8 ,",(-.8(&/8 )*"(- B*-@+-',#"5" $/"@&'8= C",,86,#"6 M%)&*88. 4"5/-,'" ,(. 1715, . ,/$9-& ,".)-+&'8= (*&:".-'8= 8 ,"."#$)'"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.- . /8A& "+'"5" 8? +"/@'8#". ":=?-(&/1,(." . "('";&'88 ",(-/1'E< )**->-&(,= . ("6 9-,(8, #"("*-= )*8<"+8/-,1 '- +"/3 H("5" +"/@'8#-.

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: F-*"' U. 48,(&%- *8%,#"5" 5*-@+-',#"5" )*-.-. M?+. 3-&. 7E). 3. 0'!. IV. Q:=?-(&/1,(.&''"& )*-.". 4. 106.

0-# $@& $)"%8'-/",1 .E;&, '"("*E& ,/"@'",(8 %"5$( ."?'8#'$(1 , "(*8A-(&/1'E%8 ":=?-(&/1,(.-%8. D.0. 4-.8'18 )" H("%$ )"."+$ $#-?E.-/, 9(" . "(/898& "( )"/"@8(&/1'E< ":=?-(&/1,(., 5+& +&6,(.8& *&5*&,,- ,",("8(

. )*&+",(-./&'88 #-@+E% ,"+"/@'8#"% pro rata $+"./&(."*&'8=, )*8,$@+&''"5" 8,(A$-#*&+8("*$, )*8 ":=?-(&/1,(.-<, 8%&3>8< )*&+%&("% '&+&/8%"& :&?+&6,(.8&, ,8/- *&5*&,,- ,",("8( . ."?/"@&'88 .,&5" $+"./&(."*&'8=, (*&:$&%"5" #*&+8("*"%, 8,#/398(&/1'" '- .8'".'8#- )*-."'-*$;&'8=, )*"98& ,"+"/@'8#8 ,.":"+'E "( "(.&(,(.&''",(8 <*>.

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: 4-.8'18 D.0. Q:=?-(&/1,(.&''"& )*-.". 4. 251.

!

P- '-; .?5/=+, ?+&,1 )*",%-(*8.-&(,= 8?'-9-/1'"& )*"(8."*&98&, #"("*"& ?-#/39-&(,=, .8+8%", . ("%, 9(" )-,,8.'"6 ,"/8+-*'",(8 )*8 "(*8A-(&/1'"% ":=?-(&/1,(.& . "('";&'88 ,-%"5" :&?+&6,(.8= $,(-'".8(1 '&."?%"@'". 0-@+E6 8? +"/@'8#". ":=?-' ,":/3+-(1 ":=?-(&/1,(." 8

."?+&*@8.-(1,= "( ":$,/"./&''"5" +&6,(.8= . "(+&/1'",(8, (.&. #-@+E6 ":=?-' 8'+8.8+$-/1'", - '& ,"":>- , +*$58%8. M'"& +&/", 9(" "(.&(,(.&''",(1 ?- '&8,)"/'&'8& . )*8'A8)& %"@&( :E(1 8 ,"/8+-*'"6, "+'-#" H(", ,#"*&&, :$+&( "(.&(,(.&''",(1 ?- +*$5"5", - '& )" ,"/8+-*'"%$ ":=?-(&/1,(.$.

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

--------------------------------

<1> 4%. (-#@& ,(. 149 Z.&6A-*,#"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.&''"5" ?-#"'-; -:?. 2 § 426 BGB. 2",/&+'== '"*%-, . 9-,('",(8, $,(-'-./8.-&(: )&*&<"+ )*-.- . H("% ,/$9-& '& %"@&( :E(1 ",$>&,(./&' . $>&*: #*&+8("*$.

<2> B*-@+-',#86 #"+, P8+&*/-'+". / Q(.. *&+. D.\.N. D&/1+:*355&; 2&*. , 5"//. N. D&*;(%-'-. 4. 283.

<3> 4%., '-)*.: Herbots J. Contract Law in Belgium. Deventer, Boston, 1995. P. 181; +& /- N"*-'+1&* T. W3//8". B*-@+-',#"& )*-." D*-'A88. N., 1960. 4. 545 8 ,/., . ",":&''",(8 - ,. 551 - 553.

<4> 2*8%&'8(&/1'" # (*&(1&%$ /8A$ #"',(*$#A8= )/-(&@- , ,$:*"5-A8&6 *&-/8?".-'- . "(&9&,(.&''"% )*-.& . ). 2 ,(. 313 B0 CD. 2"+*":'&& ,%.: 4-*:-; 4.7. M,)"/'&'8& +"5"."*'"5" ":=?-(&/1,(.- (*&(18% /8A"%. N.,

2003. 4. 35 - 40.

!

P"("*"& ?-(*$+'&'8& %"@&( .E?.-(1 ,/$9-6 )*">&'8= #*&+8("*"% +"/5- "+'"5" 8? ,"+"/@'8#". . ,%E,/& )",/&+$3>&5" *&5*&,,- +*$58% $)/-(8.;8% #*&+8("*$ ,"+"/@'8#"%. 2" %'&'83 '&%&A#8< 3*8,("., &,/8 #*&+8("* ,'8%&( "(.&(,(.&''",(1 , "+'"5" 8? +"/@'8#". (-#, 9(" "' :$+&( ",.":"@+&' "( +"/5-, (" ",(-/1'E& :$+$( "(.&9-(1 )&*&+ #*&+8("*"% ?-

.E9&("% ("6 9-,(8 8/8 ("6 ,$%%E, #"("*$3 "'8 )$(&% *&5*&,,- %"5/8 :E )"/$98(1 , ",.":"@+-&%"5" (".-*8>- <*>.

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: F&*'5&S( D., 0"/&* M. B*-@+-',#"& )*-." B&*%-'88. 4. 234. 2*8 H("% .?-8%""('";&'8= +"/@'8#". .8+&/8,1 H(8% $9&'E% #-#

.?-8%""('";&'8= . (".-*8>&,(.&.

!

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

--------------------------------

<*> 4%.: V-*$+'E6 4. B*-@+-',#"& $/"@&'8& M(-/1=',#"5" 0"*"/&.,(.-

8 *$,,#8& 5*-@+-',#8& ?-#"'E. Q)E( ,*-.'8(&/1'"5" 8?$9&'8= ,8,(&%E

?-#"'"+-(&/1,(.. K-,(1 .("*-=. 42:., 1869. 4. 310.

!

N"@'" ?-%&(8(1, 9(" . ,/$9-& :-'#*"(,(.- "+'"5" 8? +"/@'8#"., )*">&'8& #*&+8("*"% +"/5- +*$5"%$ ,"/8+-*'"%$ +"/@'8#$ %"@&( '-*$;-(1 8'(&*&,E #*&+8("*". '&,",("=(&/1'"5" /8A-, "+'-#" *",,86,#"& )*-." '& 8%&&( +",(-("9'" =,'E< )*-.".E< 8',(*$%&'(". +/= ?->8(E 8< 8'(&*&,"., 8:" ,)&A8-/1'E& '"*%E " '&+&6,(.8(&/1'",(8 ,+&/"# (,(. 103 D&+&*-/1'"5" ?-#"'- "Q '&,",("=(&/1'",(8 (:-'#*"(,(.&)") HSS(8.'"6 ?->8(E +/=

(-#"5" ,/$9-= '& ,"?+-3(.

!

4"/8+-*'"& )"*$98(&/1,(." #-# *-?'".8+'",(1

,"/8+-*'E< ":=?-(&/1,(.

!

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

--------------------------------

<*> 4%., '-)*.: 2",(-'"./&'8& 2*&?8+8$%- 7E,;&5" O*:8(*-@'"5" 4$+- CD "( 03.04.2001 N 3219/98 // 7&,('8# 7E,;&5" O*:8(*-@'"5" 4$+- CD. 2001. N 8. 4. 32 - 33.

<**> B*-@+-',#"& )*-.". 7 2 (. L. II. 2"/$("% 1 / Q(.. *&+. R.O. 4$<-'".. 2-& 8?+., )&*&*-:. 8 +"). 4. 75 (-.("* 5/-.E 7.4. R%).

<***> 4%., '-)*.: F&/". 7.O. 2"*$98(&/1,(.". Q)E( (&"*&(89&,#"6

#"',(*$#A88 ":":>&'8= -*:8(*-@'"6 )*-#(8#8. 4. 54, 173.

!

4$+&:'-= )*-#(8#- ,.8+&(&/1,(.$&( " )*8%&'&'88 )*8 *-,,%"(*&'88 ,)"*". " )"*$98(&/1,(.& 8 '"*% B0 CD " ,"/8+-*'"6 "(.&(,(.&''",(8. M//3,(*-A8&6 %"@&( ,/$@8(1 ,/&+$3>86 )*8%&*.

0*&+8("* ":*-(8/,= . -*:8(*-@'E6 ,$+ , 8,#"% # +"/@'8#$ . ,.=?8 , )*",*"9#"6 ."?.*-(- ,$%%E ?-6%-.

O*:8(*-@'E6 ,$+ 8,# $+"./&(."*8/ 8 .?E,#-/ ,$%%$ ?-6%- 8 )*"A&'("., 8,98,/&''E< . *-?%&*&, ")*&+&/&''"% . +"5"."*&. M,)"/'8(&/1'E6 /8,( :E/ )*&+I=./&' #*&+8("*"% # 8,)"/'&'83, '" ")/-(- )*"8?.&+&'- '& :E/- . ,.=?8 , "(,$(,(.8&% ,*&+,(. '- ,9&(& +"/@'8#-.