5 . Time
work
require a lot of strength
Very much attention
1. This kind of work will require great physical strength. 2. Studying a foreign language requires a lot of time and regular work. 3. Custom requires that everybody should stand up when the national anthem is being played.
Translate sentences:
1. Такая работа требует большого внимания. 2. Это требует много времени.
3. Изучение иностранного языка требует большого терпения. 4. Традиция требует, чтобы все поднимались со своих мест при звуках государственного гимна.
Fill in the gaps with verbs require (with inanimate) or demand (with animate).
He . . . that the work should be done in accordance with his instruction. 2. This kind of work . . . a lot of time. 3. Your assistance is . . . here. 4. The workers . . . shorter hours. 5. It . . . some thinking. 6. Producing such articles . . . skilled labour.
Fill in the gaps with words:
economy / economics
We are students of … .
Within a market …., businesses seek profits.
economical / economic
Our country’s … situation is getting better.
How could the most … use of our time be organized?
economical / economically
That engine is not the most … .
Many students can spend their time … .
economize / economist
John Keynes was the great English … .
Don’t … on things which will hardly save you any money.
UNIT II
Economic terms (Economy, Banking and Business)
account, n – money in a bank that can be put in or drawn out; a written statement of money received and spent
auction, n – public sale at which goods are sold to the people making the highest bids or offers
bankrupt, n – smb. who is declared to be unable to pay his debts; go bankrupt = become ruined
bargain, n – an agreement between two or more people about buying or selling smth.
bargain, v – talk about prices trying to sell at a high price or buy at a low price
barter, v – do business by exchanging goods without using money (to barter coal for grain)
bond, n – a printed paper given by a government or a business company saying that the money has been received and will be paid back with interest
broker, n – one who buys and sells for other people (esp. shares or bonds)
cash, n – money in the form of coins or notes (I have no cash on me. May I pay by cheque?)
cash, v – get or give money in exchange for cheques
cheque (Am. check) – a written order to a bank to pay money
cheque-book – a number of cheques fastened together in a book
currency, n – money used as a means of buying and selling (coins, cheques, bank-notes)
hard currency – a money system characterised by stability. It can be exchanged for gold.
deposit, n – money paid into a bank to receive interest later on
deposit money – put money in a bank
deal, n – a business agreement. It's a deal. (I agree to do business with you.)
deal with smb. – do business with smb.
dealer, n – a person who buys or sells things
income, n – the money that comes from salary, business profits, interest on capital, dividends on investments
insurance, n – the money for which a person or a thing is insured; the act of insuring
insure, v – make arrangements with an insurance company for the payment of a sum of money in case accident, damage, etc. (He insured his house for $ 80000.)
interest, n – money charged for the use of money (to pay 6% interest on a loan; to live on the interest received from the capital)
invest money in smth. – to use money in such a way as to get a profit or income from it (to invest one's money in shares, a business enterprise, etc.)
investor, n – one who invests money
joint enterprise (venture) – an enterprise shared by several companies
loan, n – money lent to smb. (A government loan is a loan lent to the government.)
market, n – a public place where goods are bought or sold; the volume of sales. (The market for these goods has risen/ fallen.)
marketable, a – smth. that can be sold (marketable products)
nationalise, v – transfer from private to state ownership (denationalize -transfer from state to private ownership)
property, n – smth. belonging to a person, a group of people or a state
private property – smth. belonging to a person or small group of people
rate of exchange – a fixed proportion between two currencies
retail, n – the sale of goods in small quantities, for use
sale, n – the exchange of goods for money, the act of selling (Is this house for sale?); the offer of goods for sale at a low price
share, n – one of the equal parts into which the capital of a business company is divided (He holds 500 shares in a shipbuilding company.)
stock exchange, n – a place where stocks and shares are bought and sold
tax, n – a sum of money which must be paid to the state (income tax, sales tax, luxury tax, etc.)
UNIT III