Утевская Н.Л. - English Grammar Book. Ключи - 2011

that we could fail at the exam if we didn’t revise all the rules. 11. Oleg couldn’t understand what the teacher was saying. 12. She said half an hour ago that her son would come at three sharp. So he will be here in an hour. 13. I would like to know who had told you about that wonderful novel. 14. The passengers were told to fasten the belts. 15. The boy was told not to interrupt the grown-ups.

16.The teacher warned the students not to sit late before the exams.

17.The passengers are asked not to smoke in a bus. 18. A coach offered everybody to take part in the competitions. 19. I asked Lena if she was invited to the party.

Exercise IV (p. 196)

1. There is a new boy in our class. He said that he was a Bulgarian by nationality. He said that there was no snow in Bulgaria and that’s why he couldn’t skate. Nelly said that she would teach him. 2. When mother was leaving she said that she would return later than usual because she had much work. Father said that he would probably return later too as they would have a meeting, and then he was too busy to come in time. I said I would come later than everybody, because we would have competitions in chess, but if I came before them, I would prepare supper. Mother sighed and said that she would try to come earlier.

Exercise V (p. 197)

1. Do you know that we hadn’t come to any decision? 2. I was sure that he could repeat those sentences word by word. 3. Father didn’t think that he would choose that room. 4. Everybody knew that we wouldn’t come on Sunday. 5. Our teacher said that for the successful study of foreign languages one should have a good memory. 6. The boy hoped that he would be taken to the circus. 7. I was not sure that I would prepare for the report the next day. 8. I felt that she was angry with me. 9. She thought that he was working and that’s why she did not enter the room. 10. He let us know that he had taken a ticket for the plane to Adler. 11. He announced that he wouldn’t go with him. 12. He promised his son that they would spend summer in the south. 13. She reminded me that I was going to visit my aunt. 14. She marked that the flat should be repaired in summer. 15. He assured us that riding in a motor cycle was not at all dangerous.

Exercise VI (p. 197)

1. We decided that we would go boating next Sunday. 2. He admitted that his brother rowed better than he did. 3. He thought that he would be able to visit a patient on Sunday. 4. We supposed that we would

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meet soon. 5. He insisted that I was mistaken. 6. They said that they had never been there before. 7. She asked me if I liked those songs. 8. She asked when and where I had bought that magazine. 9. She asked if I had heard that romance before. 10. He said that he preferred to listen to something classical. 11. The commander ordered the soldiers to form. 12. The chairman called the gathered people to keep silence. 13. The secretary asked us to wait a little. 14. We answered that we would never agree to change the programme of the competitions. 15. He asked her to repeat her address. 16. I begged them not to do it. 17. He exclaimed that he hadn’t seen us for ages.

The Voice

Exercise IX (p. 205)

1. He was sent for twenty minutes ago. 2. This question won’t be discussed today. 3. Last year a new shop was built in our street. 4. This book hasn’t been translated yet. 5. I feel that a dangerous plan is being prepared. 6. If you are sent for, don’t refuse to come. 7. Why is this article nowhere referred to? 8. As soon as the things had been packed, a car was sent for. 9. This lecturer was always listened to with interest. 10. He has nothing been said about it yet. 11. The books of this author are often asked. 12. Were you asked some additional questions at the exam? 13. The girl is being scolded that’s why she is crying. 14. I felt that I was being looked at. 15. This book has already been translated. 16. Don’t come in, the last student is being examined there. 17. I was told that nothing could be changed because the decision had been accepted. 18. What question was being discussed when you came in?

Exercise X (p. 205)

1. This book will be soon republished. 2. He was always loved and he was always trusted. 3. She is taken care of by her friends. 4. This film is much spoken of. 5. While breakfast is being prepared, mother went to the child’s bed. 6. She will be given a flat in this house. 7. “Where is the doctor?” he whispered. “He was sent for.” 8. By the end of the week his name will be known to everybody. 9. Lena was told that two new houses were being built near the railway bridge. 10. It was announced over the radio that the weather was changing for the worse. 11. I doubt that something may be explained now. 12. He was expected to come just to the meeting. 13. He was explained why he was not right. 14. Why is it so cold here? – The hall has just been aired.

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15. I hope that this fact won’t be mentioned any more. 16. This question is still being discussed. – Yes, it has already been discussing for two hours. 17. I wonder if this article will have been published before the conference opens. 18. By the time we returned the gates had already been closed. 19. It’s a pity that the baker’s is closed. How much time was left before it opens again? 20. How much time was this question being discussed when you asked to give you a word? 21. Don’t enter the room. It is being tidied up. 22. Our papers are being typed. Wait a little. 23. You are being waited downstairs. 22. Anew metro station will be built here next year. 25. He is often sent abroad.

Exercise XI (p. 206)

1. A new block of buildings is being built in this street. 2. Are you interested in the work you were offered? 3. I was never spoken in such a way. 4. She was presented with a box of chocolates on her birthday. 5. You will be said when the train will start. 6. I felt that he had already been asked that question before. 7. He was given first-class education. 8. I advise you to go to this concert: your favourite musical compositions will be performed. 9. This picture is much spoken of. I haven’t been to the exhibition myself but it was described so vividly to me that it seems to me that I saw it with my own eyes. 10. We were explained a new rule, then we were dictated some examples and were given exercises for homework. 11. The project was approved, but an engineer was pointed out some defects. 12. A telegram was accepted late at night, and as it was very important the captain was immediately woken up and it was given to him.

Exercise XII (p. 206)

1. A new restaurant was built in our street last year. 2. This teacher is always listened to with interest. 3. This news has just been broadcast over the radio. 4. This is the man that is much spoken about. 5. The book has already been paid. You may take it. 6. Had the new library been built before you entered university? 7. Books which are read well can seldom be found on the shelves of the library. 8. To our great pity this dictionary has already been sold out. 9. This news will be published in the evening newspapers. 10. A shot was heard but nothing was seen. 11. He has been awarded with medals and orders. 12. When I came to this city, this house was being built. 13. Have all the telegrams been sent? Not yet. Half of the telegrams was sent yesterday. The rest besides three have been typed. The last telegrams are being typed now. They will have been typed by one o’clock in the afternoon.

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Modal Verbs

Can

Exercise VIII (p. 212)

1. This book can be bought in any shop. 2. It is dark in the room, and I can’t find my things. 3. She can’t have been mistaken. 4. Can they be still waiting for us? 5. You can’t have been sent to me. 6. He said that we could go. 7. I could return by bus. 8. “She can’t have understood you,” he repeated. 9. They can’t have forgotten about it. 10. Can he have already gone? 11. Can she be still working? 12. She can’t be still writing a composition. 13. Can she have fallen ill? 14. Can you like such music? 15. You can take my dictionary. I don’t need it any more. 16. Can they have missed the train? They left the house very early.

Exercise IX (p. 212)

1. I think I will be able to help you. 2. He can’t have forgotten about it. 3. Can he have refused to help you? 4. Can it be the truth? It can’t have been the truth. 5. Can he study in the ninth form? He is so little in appearance. 6. They can’t have already moved to a new flat. 7. Can you be five years my senior? 8. Read these articles. You could refer to them in your report. 9. There is no light in the staircase. Could you light me while I am going downstairs? 10. I think we could try once more to persuade him that he was not right. 11. It can’t have been only three o’clock. Your watch has stopped. 12. No, kiddy, you can’t eat ice-cream in the street in winter. 13. Can he have been right? 14. Could you dictate me this page? 15. Can they be waiting for us near the other exit?

Exercise X (p. 212)

1. He can’t have been late. He is always so punctual. 2. Can he have produced on you the impression of an absent-minded man? 3. I can’t have understood you in a wrong way. 4. He couldn’t read this book so quickly; it is difficult for him. 5. She can’t have failed to find your house. 6. She can’t have forgotten about it. I reminded her about it only yesterday. 7. Gould you give your own example? You can’t give examples only from the textbook. 8. Can she be thinking about me now? 9. I could tell you about it at once but I didn’t want to upset you. 10. You can’t have really believed it. 11. He couldn’t take you for

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another person. 12. Couldn’t anybody think that this team would take the first place? 13. Can you have failed to find my book? 14. They can’t come today. It is already late.

Exercise XI (p. 213)

1. They can’t have forgotten about it. 2. Can he have already gone? 3. Can she have forgotten to tell you about my departure? 4. Can she be still working? 5. They can’t have come on Monday. 6. I think you will be able to persuade him if you try. 7. Will your sister be able to buy us tickets tomorrow? 8. We couldn’t get to university by 9 o’clock. 9. Can he have deceived you? 10. Can you like such music? 11. They can’t have heard our conversation. 12. Can she have fallen ill? 13. Can we take Jack with us? 14. Children have a rich imagination. They can easily invent different stories. 15. He can’t be still sleeping. It’s already late.

Exercise XII (p. 213)

1.He can’t have told you such a thing. You didn’t understand him.

2.When will we be able to do it? 3. She won’t be able to learn to sing well. 4. She couldn’t finish school last year. 5. Can she be still reading? It’s time to go to bed. 6. Nobody could produce more impression on me than you did it. 7. He said that we could go. 8. He could do it last week. 9. He was so illiterate that he couldn’t simply write a single word of this report. 10. It’s getting dark. What time can it be now? 11. He couldn’t be more than thirty when we got acquainted with him. 12. She can’t have been mistaken. 13. She can’t have forgotten about it.

14.Can he have refused to help you? 15. This student can’t have fulfilled this work herself. 16. You can’t have been sent to me.

May

Exercise V (p. 216)

1. On the whole there was less said than might be expected. 2. You’ve acquired a great deal of experience. You might write a book. 3. There was no sign of John in the street. Of course, I said to myself, he might have been detained at his office. 4. Who said Mr Smith had gone to America? – He might have told it himself. 5. But what you tell me may not be true. 6. What’s happened to the dog? – It isn’t here. Dan may have taken it with him. 7. She longed for a letter from John. It might contain an explanation of why he had gone away. 8. Harry might often be seen sitting on the porch with a book in his hands. 9. Oh, Tom, she

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exclaimed, your boots are muddy! You might have gone by the side door. 10. He was very ill. He may be dying. 11. Then why on earth all this secrecy? One never knows who may be listening. 12. Of course I’m too young to be a really good writer yet, but I try hard, and one day I may achieve something.

Exercise VI (p. 216)

1. You were not so very busy. You might have helped us. 2. She may be late. 3. They may be working at the same problem. 4. It may rain by the evening. 5. They may have been in town yesterday. 6. I agree that it may have been a mistake to allow Ann to go abroad. 7. They may have thought that we wouldn’t come in such weather. 8. He may be in a hotel and is waiting for me. 9. You may have heard his name. 10. He has a large family. I can imagine that he may be looking for better work. 11. Though it looks like rain, but who knows the weather may be fine tomorrow. 12. He may have known about everything but he gave no sign. 13. Ring her up. She may be at home now. 14. A telegram may have been sent yesterday.

Exercise VII (p. 217)

1. Today it is very cloudy. It may rain. 2. You may not answer this question if you don’t want. 3. You might have given me to know about it beforehand. 4. May we use a dictionary? – No, you can’t. 5. He may know about everything, but he doesn’t want to tell us. 6. They may be still taking an exam. 7. Why hasn’t Kate come? – She may come later.

– She might have warned us that she was late. 8. I have been looking for my notebook for an hour. I can’t have lost it. – You may have left it near the telephone booth. I saw you take it out. – You might have told me about it long ago. 9. Don’t worry. They won’t be late. They may be going here and will be here in some minutes. 10. My brother said that he wouldn’t go skiing. But he may have changed his mind. 11. I am ringing them up the second time, but nobody answers. Everybody can’t have gone away. – They may have gone to the country. They always go to the country on the weekend. 12. The lecturer may have referred to this article, but I don’t remember it. 13. I may have been in these parts. It seems to me that I can even recognize many houses and streets. 14. We may postpone our trip to the country: the weather is bad.

Exercise VIII (p. 217)

1. You may call on us after 7 o’clock if you want. 2. You might consult your sister at least. 3. Where is my passport? – You may have left it at

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home. 4. Ask them whether we may go on a hike with them too. 5. You may have noticed that he had repeated these words twice. 6. You might have bought me this book. You knew that I needed it very much.

7.You may have heard his name. He is a well-known scientist.

8.A telegram may come tomorrow. 9. He may have wished to tell me about it, but he didn’t find time. 10. She may have forgotten to call that’s why he didn’t come. 11. She hurried to school so that she might take part in the olympiad.

Exercise IX (p. 217)

1. A patient feels better. You may visit him tomorrow. 2. You might be more serious. You are already almost grown up. 3. He may have been absent at the lecture. – He says that he was there. 4. She was not English but she may have been taken for her. 5. You might have consulted with the teacher at least. 6. Doctor, may I bathe in the sea?

– No, you cannot. You may fall ill again. 7. Why hasn’t he come? – He may not have got your letter. 8. You may find this book in the library, they may have got several copies. 9. Why didn’t he ring me up yesterday? – He may have lost your telephone number. 9. Why doesn’t he answer? – He may not have heard your question, repeat your question a bit louder. 11. Why hasn’t she come? – She may have changed her mind.

Must

Exercise V (p. 221)

1. Look! People are hurrying along the street with umbrellas up. It must be raining hard. 2. You must follow my advice. There is no other way out for you. 3. She must have been angry with you. She doesn’t even look in your direction. 4. She must have got angry with me. She left without saying good-bye. 5. Mary must have been ill. She looked so pale and tired last night. 6. She speaks English much better than she did last year. She must have practiced a lot. 7. Where is Peter? He is neither at home nor at school. – Oh, he must be training at the stadium. He is always training there at this time. 8. You must have already been training for some months. Your results are brilliant. 9. There are many puddles in the street. It must have rained in the morning. 10. Look! There is not a single human being in the street. It must be raining fast. 11. What a shower! The water is streaming down the street. It must have already been raining for some hours. 12. You look fine! You must have had a good rest in summer.

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Exercise VI (p. 221)

1. “You must be right,” I said. 2. They must have heard that the fellow was in London. 3. I must have been sitting there for a quarter of an hour waiting and thinking about it before I saw the letter. 4. He took us round the yacht. There was no doubt that it must have cost him a lot of money. 5. At half past two I heard Mike put down the book and switch out the light. He must have read since midnight. 6. “I must be getting old,” she said. 7. There were a lot of mirrors that must have been bought at the sale of some old restaurant. 8. They must have forgotten my address. 9. Poor animal! How it must be suffering. 10. Haven’t you finished your work yet? You must have been working for more than an hour. 11. Where is Ann? – She must be working in the next room. 12. Is he in? He was in ten minutes ago, but he must have left.

Exercise VII (p. 221)

1. She must be waiting for us at university. 2. She must wait for us at university. 3. He must live in the south. 4. She must be staying with her friends because she wrote that she would spend her holiday at their place. 5. They must be waiting for me, and I can’t let them know about myself. 6. He must have forgotten that he had promised to come. 7. They must be writing a composition and soon they must finish. 8. You must have already guessed what I think about it. 9. They must be preparing for the exams now. 10. She must have already been working as a nurse for two months. 11. I didn’t see Ann, but I knew that she must be waiting for me somewhere here. 12. I had been waiting for half an hour and when I already thought that something must have happened to Kate she came in a taxi. 13. “I must do something for him,” thought John. 14. You must have known nothing about it.

Exercise VIII (p. 222)

1. It must be a very ancient church. It must have been built in the 13th century. 2. We must hurry: we can be late for a concert. 3. She is so pale. She must have been ill. 4. There, in your book there was a letter. You must have left it. 5. “It is you!” said he looking with surprise. He must have forgotten my name. 6. Young passengers were a bit excited. They must go by sea for the first time. 7. He spoke very well, his speech must have produced a great impression on listeners. 8. He was looking for his ticket in the pockets, but he found nothing. He must have left it at home. 9. This book must be a great success with the readers. It comes out the fifth time. 10. You must have been informed that the timetable would be changed. 11. He must have recognized me

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at once though we hadn’t seen each other for many years. 12. You must have a lot of spare time: you do everything very slowly.

Exercise IX (p. 222)

1.I won’t take an exam. Probably, I won’t be in Moscow at that time.

2.He must have never had so much money at his disposal before.

3.He must have failed to persuade him to go with us. 4. He must have found simply no time for you. 5. They must have failed to meet him at the station. 6. The teacher probably didn’t mention your name by mistake. 7. She must be unaware that you are here. 8. We haven’t probably seen her since summer. 9. May I speak to you tomorrow morning? Evidently, I will be busy in the morning. 10. He is unlikely to wish to speak English. 11. No one must be at home now. 12. Who is that man? – The new president of the company. – Don’t joke with me.

– I am not joking. Probably, you haven’t read newspapers.

Revision of Modal Verbs Can, May, Must

Exercise I (p. 223)

1. That tower on the hill must be an old palace. 2. I can’t have lost my ticket, it was here a minute ago. 3. You may have lost your way. 4. You must have left your things on the bench in the park. 5. They can’t postpone such an important meeting. 6. You look so pale and worn out. You must have overworked yourself. 7. This medicine can’t be a good care for the flu. 8. You must be hungry, you’ve had nothing to eat but some porridge since morning. 9. The car may have overturned going round the bend. 10. It must be a delightful place, especially in summer. 11. You may be right. 12. He can’t have done it all by himself. 13. He may have forgotten his bag in the car. 14. He can’t have seen you, otherwise he would have come up to you.

Exercise II (p. 223)

1. He can’t have been meaning to do it. 2. He can’t have refused your request. 3. He must have had no chance to read the book. 4. He must have heard the gong. 5. It must have been some special occasion.

6.He looks wet and muddy. He must have been fishing.

7.He may not know we are here. 8. May the news being broadcast on all the channels? 9. May we be out of wrapping paper? 10. “I don’t see him driving his car. May something have happened?” “His car must be undergoing repairs”. 11. Let’s give her a call again. She may have been asleep and didn’t hear the telephone. 12. You may have used up all the money I gave you. 13. He can’t have done the work carelessly.

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14. They may have been unable to get in touch with you. 15. She can’t have wrongly interpreted your words.

Exercise V (p. 224)

1. Everybody must have failed to notice that he was not used to speaking in public. 2. He must have had no chance to write to them of his arrival in due time. 3. She can’t have locked the door forgetting that I was to come later. 4. He must have no chance of winning, he is in bad form. 5. The man must have misunderstood me for he nodded his head. 6. She must have been quite unconscious of having made a mistake. 7. They can’t have given us the correct information about the road. 8. The telegram must have failed to come in time. 9. She must have been very careless. She spilt some milk. 10. He must have done nothing about it. I don’t see any changes in the design. 11. The dog must have failed to recognize his master. It barked as we approached the house. 12. He must have been very inexperienced in navigation. 13. He must be unaware of his clumsiness.

Exercise VI (p. 224)

1. You might do it for me. 2. Tell him that he might have been more attentive to his old friends. 3. You may come across this expression in any book. 4. I think that you will be able to persuade him if you try. 5. I must do it today. – a) No, you may do it tomorrow if you wish. b) Yes, it must be done today. 6. May I see your work? – a) Do it, please. b) No, it is not ready yet. 7. Must I rewrite the whole work or may I correct only the mistakes? 8. Can you call on me in the evening? 9. Could you come to me in the evening? 10. He must be there tomorrow. 11. He can be there tomorrow. 12. He may be there tomorrow. 13. He may have been there yesterday. 14. He must have been there yesterday. 15. He had to be there yesterday. 16. He can’t have been there yesterday. 17. Can it be the truth? 18. It must be the truth. 19. It may be the truth. 20. You must have been mistaken. 22. You can’t have been mistaken. 23. Can you have been mistaken?

Exercise VII (p. 225)

1. They must do as they are said. 2. I can’t leave without paying. 3. You might have called them and said that you wouldn’t come. 4. Could you finish your work? 5. Can you have written it yourself? 6. She had never said about her childhood and it must have been a reason to it. 7. I will be able to write them tomorrow. 8. She must be seriously ill. 9. Where are my spectacles? No, they are not here. I must have left them at home. 10. When a child is so ill, you must feel awfully. 11. He can’t be more

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