The agricultural education in ukraine

The agricultural education is a consisting part of the educational system in our country. The demand for specialists increases every year. The national economy needs the specialists with the middle special and higher education. Specialists are nowadays trained at special secondary (technical) schools and higher schools (institutes and universities). Our country is going to join the Bologna process in the system of education It supposes the utilization of the most progressive methods in teaching and their close approach to the modern economy. Nowadays one must consider two levels in education: the Bachelor level and the Master level.

The system of the agricultural education is directed to the solution of different practical tasks in the production. The initial level of the agricultural education includes special technical schools where the young people are mostly given some theoretical knowledge (especially in agricultural engineering) and different practical skills. The agricultural colleges belong to the next level The students of the agricultural colleges are trained both theoretically and practically. The training takes into account different natural and climatic conditions in different regions of our country. It also includes practical work. Thousands of young specialists who have been trained at the colleges are working in agriculture. Some of the best students reach the Bachelor level and are given the possibility to study at the Master level department. After having graduated from the Master level department the young specialists may work practically in agriculture or devote themselves to the scientific research. They may write theses and become Candidates of Agriculture and then later Doctors of Agriculture.

3. Answer the following questions on the text.

1. Where are the specialists for agriculture trained?

2. How can you characterize the higher education?

3. Where is the system of the agricultural education directed to?

4. What does the initial level of the agricultural education include?

5. What can you tell about the agricultural colleges?

6. What does the training take into account?

GRAMMAR

THE DEGREES OF COMPARISON

4. Give degrees of comparison of the following adjectives and adverbs.

high, progressive, educated, good, possible, complex, primitive, bad.

5. Open the brackets. Mind the degrees of comparison.

1. The stick is (primitive) agricultural implement,

2. The tractor is one of (complex) agricultural machines.

3. Oats has (much) vitamins than barley has.

4. The Bolonga system in education is (progressive) in the world.

5. The Master level is (high) than the Bachelor level,

6. (Much) you study the special subjects (good) you may use your knowledge in the practice.

7. (Old) he grew (wise) he became.

6. Remember the following word combinations

to meet the demands (requirements) —задовольняти, відповідати вимогам (потребам)

to meet the ever increasing demands — задовольняти безперервно зростаючі потреби

to take into account — враховувати, приймати в розрахунок

the branch of engineering — галузь механізації

the branch of agronomy — галузь агрономії

7. Translate into Ukrainian.

The demand for specialists in agronomy increases every year. To meet this ever increasing demand many agricultural higher schools and colleges are set in our country. They train specialists for all the branches of agriculture. As far as agronomy is concerned the training takes into account different natural and soil conditions. The specialists must know how to cultivate different fruits, vegetables, grain and technical crops. They must know how to fertilize soil according to its peculiarity. They must know how to operate various kinds of agricultural machinery such as tractors, harrows, plows, combine harvesters, etc. They also solve various production problems.

8. Answer the questions.

1. Does the demand for specialists in agriculture increase every year?

2. What does the training take into account?

3. What must the young specialists know?

9. Fill in the blanks with the necessary word.

1. ... is done after plowing.

2. The ... for specialists in agriculture has greatly increased

3. The ... of agronomists takes into account that they will work in the regions with different climatic and soil conditions .

4. The practical work on farms includes the preparation of... who will work under different conditions.

(1. training, 2. fertilizing, 3. demand, 4. operators.)

10. Translate into Ukrainian.

Agricultural engineering can be defined as the application of engineering in agriculture. But this definition does not cover all the fields it is connected with. Engineering and agronomy are the integral parts of the science of agriculture. The present high position of the modern agriculture largely depends upon them.

The utilization of fertile swamps and overflowed lands, its fertilizing become important factors in the development of agriculture in many countries. The invention of agricultural machines has affected not only agriculture, but also many of the economic and social phases of life.

At first the progress was slow but with the growth of engineering more and more engineering achievements found the useful application in agriculture.

11. Translate into English.

1. Вимоги до спеціалістів зростають відповідно до вимог часу.

2. Наша країна вступає до болонського процесу в системі освіти, який відповідає вимогам Європейської хартії у всьому світі.

3. Система аграрної освіти направлена на розв'язання різноманітних практичних завдань у виробництві.

4. Студенти сільськогосподарських коледжів проходять практичну і теоретичну підготовку.

5. При підготовці агрономів враховують різноманітні природні і кліматичні умови,

6. Чим більше студенти працюють у теплицях, тим кращою буде їх теоретична і практична підготовка.

7. Найкращі студенти присвячують себе науковим дослідженням і пишуть дисертації.

8. Зараз у вищій освіті існують такі рівні: бакалавр, магістр та доктор філософії.