Talking about language Language words
This book uses some grammar words in English.
|
grammar word |
meaning |
|
in your language |
|
noun |
a person or thing |
book, girl, pen |
|
|
pronoun |
used instead of a noun |
I, he, she, we, it, mine, YOLlt•S |
|
|
verb |
something we do |
do, read, write |
|
|
adjective |
describes a person or thing |
good, bad, happy, long |
|
|
adverb |
describes a verb |
slowly, badly |
|
|
preposition |
a little word used before a noun or pronoun |
in, on, by, at |
|
|
conjunction |
connects one part of a sentence to another |
and, because, if, so, after, when |
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|
singular |
just one |
book, house |
|
|
plural |
more than one |
books, houses |
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|
phrase |
a group of words (not a complete sentence) |
in a house, at home, an old man |
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sentence |
a complete idea In writing, beginning with a capital letter and ending with a full stop |
The man went into the room and closed the door. |
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paragraph |
a short part of a text (one or more sentences) beginning on a new line |
This book has 60 units. Each unit has two pages. |
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dialogue |
a conversation between two people |
Ann: How's Jo? Bill: OK, thanks. |
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question |
a set of words that begin with a capital letter and end with a question mark |
Are you English? Do you like school? |
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answer |
a reply to a question |
Yes, I am. No, I don't. |
|
48.1 Write the grammar words opposite in your own language.
48.2 Write these words in the correct column.
beek speak good word house have write new man right blue say
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noun |
|
adjective |
|
book |
|
|
48.3 Add three more examples of prepositions.
48.4 Are the following phrases, sentences or questions?
in the park phrase
Do you speak English?
a black cat
She's writing a book.
What's your name? 6 1 like English.
48.5 Answer these questions.
1 What is the plural of book? books 2 What is the singular of men?
Is from a verb?
Is cat an adjective?
Is this a phrase? 'Jane loves Harry.' 6 Is bad an adverb?
What type of word are we and it?
Which of these words is a conjunction: good, us, because?
48.6 In this text, find four nouns, one adjective, one adverb, one preposition, and one pronoun.
The cat plays happily in the garden all day. She loves fresh milk.
Conjunctions and connecting words
Basic conjunctions
Conjunctions
join two parts of a sentence. They help to show the connection
between the two parts of the sentence.
|
conjunction |
example |
|
|
and |
Kate is a student and she works part-time. |
We use and to give extra information in the second part of the sentence. |
|
but |
They are rich but they aren't happy. |
We use but when the second part of the sentence contrasts with the first part. |
|
or |
You can pay by credit card or cash. |
We use or when the second part of the sentence gives a different possibility. |
|
because |
We went home early because we were tired. |
We use because when the second part of the sentence explains why the first part happened. |
|
so |
I felt ill so I didn't go to work. |
We use so when the second part of the sentence gives a result of the first part. |
|
when |
I went to the party when the babysitter arrived. |
We use when to say when the first part of the sentence happened. |
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before |
We left before it started to rain. |
We use before to show that the first part of the sentence happened first. |
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after |
We went for a meal after we had seen the film. |
We use after to show that the second part of the sentence happened first. |
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if |
You can have some ice cream if you eat your dinner: |
We use if to say that the first part of the sentence will only happen after the second part of the sentence happens and it may not happen. |
