- •Р о з м о в н і т е м и з англійської мови
- •Львів: лнам– 2007
- •I. Pronounce correctly:
- •II. Read the numerals:
- •III. Read and copy out the words:
- •IV. Read and retell the text: History
- •V. Copy out and memorize:
- •Eminent teachers
- •VII. Read and memorize:
- •VIII. Read and retell the text: Entry
- •IX. Find in the text and explain where these offices are housed:
- •X. Read and retell the text: Academy buildings and chairs
- •XI. Read, memorize and tell about your study work:
- •XII. Read and retell the text: Study work
- •XIII. Find еquivаlents:
- •XIV. Remember word-building:
- •XV. Fill in the blanks with prepositions wherever necessary:
- •3. ... Becoming entrants the students take and pass entrance
- •XVI. Answer the questions:
- •XVII. Tell your friend about:
- •IV. Тranslate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VI. Supplementary vocabulary:
- •XIII. Speak on the following situations:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Ask several questions with interrogative words“what”, “when”.
- •IX. Complete the following sentences from the text:
- •X. Find the English equivalents to the following Ukrainian words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VI. Supplementary vocabulary:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Study the words and phrases for active use:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VI. Supplementary vocabulary:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VI. Vocabulary notes:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Make up several questions starting with “When”.
- •XII. Topics for discussions:
- •I. Pronounce correctly:
- •II. Read the names of some famous artists:
- •III. Find in the text and memorize the words and word combinations:
- •IV. Read and retell the text:
- •V. Find in the text and memorize the words and word combinations:
- •XI. Fill in the blanks with prepositions:
- •XII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Practise describing a painting using the following words and word combinations:
- •I. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
- •II. Study the words and phrases for active use:
- •III. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •IV. Read and retell the text:
- •V. Supplementary vocabulary:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VII. Put questions with the interrogative words “what”, “when” to the following sentence:
- •VIII. Complete the following sentences from the text using the words listed below:
- •X. Find the translation of the following sentences in the text:
- •XI. Role-play the following situations:
- •I. Pronounce correctly:
- •II. Read the following dates:
- •III. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •V. Read and retell the text:
- •VI. Topical Vocabulary:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Make up several questions starting with “ What?”
- •Для нотаток
V. Read and retell the text:
Located in Eastern Europe, Ukraine is the second largest country on the continent after Russia. It has an area of 603,700 square kilometers. Its capital is Kyiv.
Ukraine is a sovereign state with its own territory, higher bodies of state power and government, national emblem, state flag and anthem. The country is inhabited by Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Byelorussians, Moldavians, Poles, Bulgarians and other nations. There are 24 administrative regions and the Crimean autonomous republic in Ukraine. It borders on Poland, the Russian Federation, Byelorussia, Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania.
The Ukrainian word Ukrayinais from old east Slavicoukrainaborderland, fromou by, at and the Slavic rootkraj edge, region. In particular, in Ukrainiankrayinameans simply country. On the other hand,oumeans in in Ukrainian, so it can mean inner country.
Human beings have lived in the Ukrainian region for about 300,000 years. One of the earliest cultures was that of the Trypillians, who lived in the soutwestern Ukraine from about 4000 to 2000 B.C. During the first millennium B.C., the steppe hinterland was occupied successively by the Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians. The region was invaded by Germanic tribes from the west in 270 A.D. and by the Huns, an Asian people, in 375.
During the tenth and eleventh centuries the territory of Ukraine became the centre of a powerful state in Europe, Kyivan Rus, laying the foundation for the national identity of Ukrainians. Rus reached its apogee in the reigns of Volodymyr the Great and his son Yaroslav. Under Volodymyr’s rule, the state became a political, economical and cultural power in Europe. In 988 Volodymyr became a Christian and made Christianity the state religion. With Yaroslav’s death, Kyiv entered a long period of decline and by the middle of the 14thcentury Ukrainian territories were under the rule of the Golden Horde, Lithuania, and the kingdom of Poland.
In the 15thcentury many discontented peasants joined the bands of independent soldiers that became known as Cossacks. By the mid 16thcentury the Cossacks had developed a military organization of a peculiarly democratic kind, with a general assembly (rada) and elected officers, including the commander-in-chief, or hetman. Their center was Sich, an armed camp. In 1648, a Cossack named Bohdan Khmelnytsky led an uprising that freed Ukraine from Polish control. In1654, Khmelnytsky formed an alliance with the tzar of Russia against Poland. In 1775 the Zaporizhian Sich was destroyed by Russian troops.
Ukraine was divided between Poland and Russia in 1667. In the 1790’s Russia gained control of all of Ukraine except Galicia, which Austria ruled from 1772 until 1918.
Russia favoured its language and culture over those of the Ukrainians and other peoples. The Austrians, however, allowed the Ukrainians greater freedom than did the Russians. As a result, Galicia became a major centre of Ukrainian culture during the 1800’s.
With the Russian and Austrian empires’ collapse following World War I and later WWII, Ukrainian national movement for self-determination appeared again.
In 1922 Ukraine became a part of the Soviet Union. But that was only in 1990 that Ukraine’s parliament passed a declaration of state sovereignty and then declared its independence (August 24, 1991).
Nowadays Ukraine is a republic under a mixed semi- parliamentary semi- presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The president is elected by popular vote and is formally the head of state.
Ukraine has its own original culture and art. Over the last years people of Ukraine display a keen interest in the history and artistic heritage. There is a new approach to the development of culture, arts, and languages. Ukraine pursues the policy of peace and establishes new relations with various countries throughout the world.
Ukraine is one of the founding members of the United Nation Organization and participates in the work of many international organizations.
Supplementary vocabulary:
hinterland віддалена від берега частина
країни
successively послідовно
to gain досягати, здобувати
to favour сприяти, бути прихильним
to collapse руйнуватися
self-determination самовизначення
keen сильний, глибокий
approach підхід
to pursue переслідувати, домагатися
to participate брати участь