- •Theme I. Introductory course
- •1. 2. 3. 4.
- •American English
- •Differences in the spelling of American English and British English
- •What would you say?
- •Unit 2. My Biography Моя биография topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text My Biography
- •Compare
- •Remember!
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text
- •Volga State Academy of the Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Unit 4. Working Day of the Student of the Volga State Academy of the Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism Рабочий день студента Поволжской Академии Физической культуры, Спорта и Туризма
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text Working Day of the Student
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •6. 7.8.
- •Unit 5. Our English Lesson Урок английского языка
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text Our English Lesson
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Questionnaire
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Theme II. Tourism Unit 1. What Tourism is
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text What is Tourism?
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Text for written translation World tourism statistics and rankings
- •Most-visited cities by international tourist arrivals
- •Unit 2. History of Tourism. Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text History of Tourism
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Unit 3. Types of Tourism topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text Types of Tourism
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Text for written translation United States of America Outline of geographical position, climate, states of the usa
- •Curious reading
- •Introductory text What is culture?
- •View on culture as a process (by Mc Grew)
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Text for written translation Language and Culture
- •Unit 2. Russian Culture
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Introductory text What Russian Culture is
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •Pattern I
- •Pattern II
- •TexTs for written translation
- •Russian Architecture
- •Modern Music
- •Russian unofficial Symbols
- •Russian Internet
- •Russian Holidays
- •Funny reading
Introductory text History of Tourism
Leisure travel. It was associated with the Industrial Revolution in the United Kingdom – the first European country to promote leisure time to the increasing industrial population. Initially, this applied to the owners of the machinery of production, the economic oligarchy, the factory owners and the traders. These comprised the new middle class. Cox & Kings was the first official travel company to be formed in 1758.
The British origin of this new industry is reflected in many place names. In Nice, France, one of the first and best-established holiday resorts on the French Riviera, the long esplanade along the seafront is known to this day as the Promenade des Anglais; in many other historic resorts in continental Europe, old, well-established palace hotels have names like the Hotel Bristol, the Hotel Carlton or the Hotel Majestic – reflecting the dominance of English customers.
Many leisure-oriented tourists travel to the tropics, both in the summer and winter. Places of such nature are often visited: Bali in Indonesia, Colombia, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Malaysia, Mexico the various Polynesian tropical islands, Queensland in Australia, Thailand, Saint-Tropez and Cannes in France, Florida, Hawaii and Puerto Rico in the United States, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, The Bahamas, Aruba, and Bermuda.
Mass tourism. It could only have developed with the improvements in technology, allowing the transport of large numbers of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest, so that greater numbers of people could begin to enjoy the benefits of leisure time.
In the United States, the first seaside resorts in the European style were at Atlantic City, New Jersey and Long Island, New York.
In Continental Europe, early resorts included: Ostend, popularized by the people of Brussels; Boulogne-sur-Mer (Pas-de-Calais) and Deauville (Calvados) for the Parisians; and Heiligendamm, founded in 1793, as the first seaside resort on the Baltic Sea.
There has been an up-trend in tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common. Tourists have a wide range of budgets and tastes, and a wide variety of resorts and hotels have developed to cater for them. For example, some people prefer simple beach vacations, while others want more specialised holidays, quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays.
On 28 April 2009 The Guardian noted that "the WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time."
There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations, such as in Bali and several European cities. Also, on 26 December 2004, a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of lives were lost including many tourists. This, together with the vast clean-up operations, stopped or severely hampered tourism in the area for a time.
Exercise 1. Comprehension questions.
1. What is leisure travel?
2. What was the first official travel company?
3. In what way is the British origin of the new industry reflected?
4. Where do many tourists travel?
5. What places are often visited in the world?
6. Where did you travel?
7. What is the most popular and visited country?
8. What is the most popular and visited city?
9. What were the first seaside resorts in the United States?
10. What early resorts do you know in Continental Europe?
11. What modern resorts do you know?