Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Учебное пособие 3000405

.doc
Скачиваний:
13
Добавлен:
30.04.2022
Размер:
3.33 Mб
Скачать

42

420I8B0

43µ;O 4370I8BK 43>B 4340==>3> 43B8?0 430B0: 43=5>1E>48<> 43BI0B5;L=> 43D8;LB@>20BL 432E>4=K5 43?0@0<5B@K,43 437=0G5=8O 43:>B>@KE 431C4CB 438A?>;L7>20=K 434;O 43?>AB@>5=8O 43S43Q43L43-4370?@>A0.43

43$8;LB@0F8O 43AB@>:>2KE 43?0@0<5B@>2:43 43'B>1K 432=54@5=85 43:>40 431K;> 43=52>7<>6=>,43 43B@51C5BAO 431@0BL 432 43:02KG:8 432A5 43AB@>:>2K5 43?0@0<5B@K.43 43 43A0<>< 43?0@0<5B@5 4370<5=ONB 43:02KG:8 43=0 43\43"43,43 430?>AB@>D 43=0 43\43'43,43 43>1@0B=CN 43:>ACN 43G5@BC 43=0 43\43\43 43(43MB> 43=07K205BAO 43«43M:@0=8@>20BL 43A?5FA8<2>;K»43)43.43

43

4345=B8D8:0F8O 43?@8;>65=89 43(43W43e43b43 43S43e43r43v43e43r43/43A43p43p43l43i43c43a43t43i43o43n43 43F43i43n43g43e43r43p43r43i43n43t43i43n43g43)43

43‑?@545;5=85 4325@A89 43?@8;>65=89 438A?>;L7C5BAO 437;>C<KH;5==8:>< 434;O 43?>;CG5=8O 438=D>@<0F88 43>1 438A?>;L7C5<KE 43A5@25@>< 438 43:;85=B>< 43>?5@0F8>==KE 43A8AB5<0E,43 43W43e43b43-43A525@0E 438 431@0C75@0E.43 43"0:65 43MB0 430B0:0 43<>65B 431KBL 43=0?@02;5=0 43=0 434@C385 43:><?>=5=BK 43W43e43b43-43?@8;>65=8O,43 43=0?@8<5@,43 43A;C61C 43:0B0;>30 438;8 43A5@25@ 43107 4340==KE 438;8 438A?>;L7C5<K5 43B5E=>;>388 43?@>3@0<<8@>20=8O.43

43‑1KG=> 43?>4>1=K5 430B0:8 43>ACI5AB2;ONBAO 43?CB5< 430=0;870 43@07;8G=>9 438=D>@<0F88,43 43?@54>AB02;O5<>9 43W43e43b43-43A5@25@><,43 43=0?@8<5@:43 43>A>15==>AB8 43@50;870F88 43?@>B>:>;0 43H43T43T43P43;43 43703>;>2:8 43H43T43T43P43-43>B25B>2;43 43AB@C:BC@0 43:0B0;>3>2 438 438A?>;L7C5<>5 43A>3;0H5=85 43>1 438<5=0E 438 43B.43?.43

43µ;O 43>?@545;5=8O 4325@A89 43:;85=BA:8E 43?@8;>65=89 43>1KG=> 438A?>;L7C5BAO 430=0;87 43H43T43T43P43-4370?@>A>2 43(43?>@O4>: 43A;54>20=8O 43703>;>2:>2,43 447=0G5=85 44U44s44e44r44-44a44g44e44n44t44 448 44B.44 44MB8E 44F5;59 44<>3CB 44?@8<5=OBAO 448 444@C385 44B5E=8:8.44 44"0:,44 44=0?@8<5@,44 440=0;87 44703>;>2:>2 44?>GB>2KE 44A>>1I5=89,44 44A>740==KE 44A 44?><>ILN 44:;85=B0 44M44i44c44r44o44s44o44f44t44 44O44u44t44l44o44o44k44,44 44?>72>;O5B 44>?@545;8BL 4425@A8N 44CAB0=>2;5==>3> 44=0 44:><?LNB5@5 441@0C75@0 44I44n44t44e44r44n44e44t44 44E44x44p44l44o44r44e44r44.44

440;8G85 4445B0;L=>9 448 44B>G=>9 448=D>@<0F88 44>1 448A?>;L7C5<KE 44?@8;>65=8OE 44>G5=L 44206=> 444;O 447;>C<KH;5==8:0,44 44?>A:>;L:C 44@50;870F8O 44<=>38E 440B0: 44(44=0?@8<5@,44 44?5@5?>;=5=8O 441CD5@0)44 44A?5F8D8G=> 444;O 44:064>3> 4420@80=B0 44>?5@0F8>==>9 44A8AB5<K 448;8 44?@8;>65=8O.44 44@><5 44B>3>,44 4445B0;L=0O 448=D>@<0F8O 44>1 448=D@0AB@C:BC@5 44?>72>;O5B 44A=878BL 44:>;8G5AB2> 44>H81>:,44 448 44:0: 44A;54AB285 44-44 44>1I89 44«44HC<»44,44 44?@>872>48<K9 440B0:CNI8<.44 44

44

440I8B0

4445AL 4470I8B>9 44O2;O5BAO 44BI0B5;L=0O 448 44?@028;L=0O 44=0AB@>9:0 44A5@25@0 448 44?@8;>65=89,44 442K?>;=O5<KE 44=0 44=5<.44 445>1E>48<> 44A:@K20BL 448=D>@<0F8N 44> 4425@A8OE 448A?>;L7C5<>3> 44­‑,44 44:>B>@0O 44<>65B 44?><>GL 447;>C<KH;5==8:C.44

44

44 0AI5?;5=85 44H44T44T44P44-4470?@>A0 44(44H44T44T44P44 44R44e44s44p44o44n44s44e44 44S44p44l44i44t44t44i44n44g44)44

44­@8 448A?>;L7>20=88 4440==>9 44CO728<>AB8 447;>C<KH;5==8: 44?>AK;05B 44A5@25@C 44A?5F80;L=K< 44>1@07>< 44AD>@<8@>20==K9 4470?@>A,44 44>B25B 44=0 44:>B>@K9 448=B5@?@5B8@C5BAO 44F5;LN 440B0:8 44:0: 44420 44@07=KE 44>B25B0.44 44B>@>9 44>B25B 44?>;=>ABLN 44:>=B@>;8@C5BAO 447;>C<KH;5==8:><,44 45GB> 45405B 455<C 452>7<>6=>ABL 45?>445;0BL 45>B25B 45A5@25@0.45

45 45@50;870F88 450B0: 45A 45@0AI5?;5=85< 45H45T45T45P45-4570?@>A0 45CG0AB2CNB 45:0: 45<8=8<C< 45B@8 45AB>@>=K:45

45W45e45b45-45A5@25@,45 45A>45@60I89 45?>4>1=CN 45CO728<>ABL.45

45&5;L 450B0:8,45 452708<>459AB2CNI0O 45A 45W45e45b45-45A5@25@>< 45?>4 45C?@02;5=85< 457;>C<KH;5==8:0.45 45"8?8G=> 452 45:0G5AB25 45F5;8 450B0:8 452KABC?05B 45:MH8@CNI89 45A5@25@-45?>A@54=8: 458;8 45:MH 451@0C75@0.45

45B0:CNI89,45 458=8F88@CNI89 450B0:C.45

45>7<>6=>ABL 45>ACI5AB2;5=8O 450B0:8 452>7=8:05B,45 45:>340 45A5@25@ 452>72@0I05B 4540==K5,45 45?@54>AB02;5==K5 45?>;L7>20B5;5< 452 45703>;>2:0E 45H45T45T45P45 45>B25B0.45 45‑1KG=> 45MB> 45?@>8AE>48B 45?@8 45?5@5=0?@02;5=88 45?>;L7>20B5;O 45=0 454@C3CN 45AB@0=8FC 45(45:>4K 45H45T45T45P45 45345x45x45)45 458;8 45:>340 4540==K5,45 45?>;CG5==K5 45>B 45?>;L7>20B5;O,45 45A>E@0=ONBAO 452 45c45o45o45k45i45e45.45

45 45?5@2>9 45A8BC0F88 45U45R45L45,45 45=0 45:>B>@K9 45?@>8AE>48B 45?5@5=0?@02;5=85,45 45O2;ONBAO 45G0ABLN 45703>;>2:0 45L45o45c45a45t45i45o45n45 45H45T45T45P45 45>B25B0,45 450 452> 452B>@>< 45A;CG05 457=0G5=85 45c45o45o45k45i45e45 45?5@5405BAO 452 45703>;>2:5 45S45e45t45-45C45o45o45k45i45e45.45

45‑A=>2>9 45@0AI5?;5=8O 45H45T45T45P45-4570?@>A0 45O2;O5BAO 452=54@5=85 45A8<2>;>2 45?5@52>40 45AB@>:8 45(45C45R45 458 45L45F45)45 45B0:8< 45>1@07><,45 45GB>1K 45AD>@<8@>20BL 45425 45H45T45T45P45 45B@0=70:F88,45 452 45B> 452@5<O 45:0: 45@50;L=> 451C45B 45?@>8AE>48BL 45B>;L:> 45>4=0.45 45­5@52>4 46AB@>:8 468A?>;L7C5BAO 464;O 46B>3>,46 46GB> 461K 4670:@KBL 46?5@2CN 46(46AB0=40@B=CN)46 46B@0=70:F8N 468 46AD>@<8@>20BL 462B>@CN 46?0@C 462>?@>A/46>B25B,46 46?>;=>ABLN 46:>=B@>;8@C5<CN 467;>C<KH;5==8:>< 468 4601A>;NB=> 46=5?@54CA<>B@5==CN 46;>38:>9 46?@8;>65=8O.46 46 46@57C;LB0B5 46CA?5H=>9 46@50;870F88 46MB>9 460B0:8 467;>C<KH;5==8: 46<>65B 462K?>;=8BL 46A;54CNI85 46459AB28O:46