Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Учебное пособие 3000361

.doc
Скачиваний:
6
Добавлен:
30.04.2022
Размер:
2.23 Mб
Скачать

53353.53 53>@@5:F8O 53H030.53 53­>4 53459AB285< 53@0ABO3820NI59 53=03@C7:8 53H03 5328=B0 53C25;8G8205BAO.53 53­>MB><C 532K?>;=5=85 5328=B0 53A 53C<5=LH5==K< 53H03>< 531;03>?@8OBAB2C5B 53@02=><5@=><C 53@0A?@545;5=8N 53=03@C7:8.53 53­@8 53C<5=LH5=88 53H030 5328=B0 53=0 53153,53253553%53 53=01;N40;>AL 53?>2KH5=85 53@5AC@A0 534> 53653 53@07.53 53‑4=0:> 53GB>1K 532K@>2=OBL 53=03@C7:C,53 53=C6=0 53:>@@5:F8O 53A 53?5@5<5==K< 53H03><.53 53"0:0O 53:>@@5:F8O 53?@8<O 53A8;L=> 53=0?@O65==KE 533@515=G0BKE 53A>548=5=89.53

5353

53

54 8A 54154454

54

54>7<>6=> 54=0@570=85 54@57L1K 54=0 5428=B0E 54A;53:0 54:>=8G5A:>9 54(54?> 54A@54=5<C 54480<5B@C)54 54A 5425@H8=>9 54:>=CA0 54A> 54AB>@>=K 543>;>2:8 5428= 540=0;>38G5= 54:>@@5:F88 54H030 54<C 547><5=4CNB 54:>=CA=>ABL 54>:>;> 54154:54154054054.54­@8 54>?KB0E 54=01;N40;>AL 54?>2KH5=85 54@5AC@A0 54>:>;> 5442CE 54@07.54

54454.54 54-DD5:B82=K< 54A@54AB2>< 54C<5=LH5=8O 54:>=F5=B@0F88 54=03@C7:8 54?> 5428B:0< 548 54?>2KH5=8O 54?@545;0 542K=>A;82>AB8 541>;B>2 54O2;O5BAO 54?>41>@ 54<0B5@80;0 54309:8.54 54­>=865==K9 54<>4C;L 54C?@C3>AB8 54<0B: 541;03>?@8OB5= 542 54A2O78 54A 54?>2KH5=85< 54?>40B;82>AB8 5428B:>2,54 54>A>15==> 544;O 54305:,54 54@01>@0ABO65=85,54 542 54:>B>@KE 5445D>@<0?>A>1AB2CNB 542K@02=820=8N 54=03@C7:8 54?> 54289:0E 5487 54<0B5@80;0 54A 54=52KA>:8<A:8<8 54E8:0<8,54 54:@><5 54B>3>,54 54?@>8AE>48B 542K@02=820=85 54=03@C7:8 54?> 5428B:0< 542A;54B8G5A:8E 5445D>@<0F89.54

54­@8 54? 54AB0;L=KE 54305: 54: 544N@0;N<8=852K< 54?@545; 542K=>A;82>AB8 541>;B>2 54?>2KA8;AO 54=0 54854054%54.54

54@515=G0BK5 54A>548=5=8O 54(54@8A.54 54154454,54 540)54 54?@8<5=ONB 544;O 54?5@540G8 541>;LH8E 54>A52KE 54A8;,54 54=0?@8<5@ 544;O 54:>;>== 54B5E=>;>38G5A:8E 54?@5AA>2 548 548A?KB0B5;L=KE 54<0H8=.54 540 54:>=F5 54:@C3;>3> 54AB5@6=O 548;8 54:>;>==K 54=0@570NB 54:>;LF52K5 54:0=02:8,54 542 54:>B>@K5 542E>4OB 54:>;LF52K5 542KABC?K 54309:8.54 5409:0 5445;05BAO 54@07J5<=>9 54?> 54>A52>9 54?;>A:>AB8.54

54>=F5=B@0F8O 54=03@C7:8 54?> 54:>;LF52K< 542KABC?0< 54?>4G8=O5BAO 54B0:8< 5465 5470:>=><5@=>ABO<,54 54:0: 542 54@57L1>2KE 54A>548=5=8OE.54

55@515=G0BK5 55?OBK 552 55A2O78 55A 552=54@5=85< 55384@>48=0<8G5A:8E 558 55384@>AB0B8G5A:8E 55?>4?OB=8:>2 558<5NB 55>3@0=8G5==>5 55?@8<5=5=85.55 55>=F5=B@0F8O 55=03@C7:8 552 55=8E 552 55A2O78 55A 55G0AB8G=>9 55?@8@01>B:>9 55=5 55CG8BK205BAO.55

55>?0B:8 55?0@>2KE 558 55307>2KE 55BC@18= 55A>548=ONBAO 55A 55@>B>@>< 55?@8 55?><>I8 555;>G=>3> 5570<:0 55(55@8A.55 55155455,55 551)55.55 550BO3 55A>7405BAO 552 55@57C;LB0B5 55@07>3@520 55;>?0B>:.55 55­@8 55@01>B5 55;>?0B:8 55?>425@65=K 551>;LH8< 55@0ABO3820NI8< 55=0?@O65=8O< 55>B 55F5=B@>156=KE 55A8;.55 55‑=8 55C4;8=ONBAO,55 55GB> 552K7K205B 55:>=F5=B@0F8N 55=03@C7:8 55?> 557C1LO<.55 55$>@<0 55E2>AB0 55;>?0I53>AO 55: 55E2>ABC,55 551;03>-55?@8OB=0 554;O 55@0A?55=03@C7>:.55 55>?0B:4253810NI8< 552>7459AB28O<,55 55:>B>@K5 552K7K20NB 554>?>;=8B5;L=>5 55=03@C65=85 557C1L52.55 55>=F5=B@0F8O 55=03@C7:8 55>B 55873810 55?>4G8=O5BAO 55>A>1K< 5570:>=><5@=>ABO<.55 55040G8 55> 55:>=F5=­55B@0F88 55=03@C7:8 55?> 557C1LO< 55?>4 55459AB285< 55@0ABO3820NI8E 558 55873810NI8E 55=03@C7>:,55 55B0: 5565 55:0: 557040G8 55>?B8<870F88 55D>@<K 5=7C1K 55?@>D8;L=>9 55G0AB8 552K3>4=> 55=03@C60BL 55<5=LH5,55 55B0: 55:0: 55AB5@65=L 552 55MB>9 55G0AB8 55?5@5405B 55?>;=CN 55=03@C7:C.55 55-B> 55B0:65 5525AL<0 551;03>?@8OB=> 55A 55B>G:8 557@5=8O 55C25;8G5=8O 5545<?D8@>20=8O 55:>;510=89.55

5656

56 8A.56156556

56

56>;B>2K5 56A>548=5=8O 56A 5642C<O 568 561>;55 561>;B0<8 56(568;8 56@O40<8 561>;B>2)56 562 56=0?@02;5=88 56=03@C7:8 56(56@8A.56 56156556,56 560)56 56?@54AB02;ONB 56A>1>9 56AB0B8G5A:8 56=5>?@545;8<K5 56A8AB5<K,56 568 56:>=F5=B@0F8O 56=03@C7:8 562 56=8E 567028A8B 56>B 56A>>B=>H5=8O 56?>40B;82>AB8 56A>548=O5<KE 56M;5<5=B>2 568 56?>40B;82>AB8 561>;B0 56A 56?@8;530NI59 56G0ABLN 56ABK:0.56 56­>A;54=OO 56>?@545;O5BAO 56:0A0B5;L=>9 56?>40B;82>ABLN 56ABK:>2,56 56?>40B;82>ABLN 561>;B>2 56=0 5687381 568 56:>=B0:B=>9 56?>40B;82K:5 561>;B-56>B25@AB8> 5670BO=CBKE 561>;B>2KE 56A>548=5=8OE 562 56>A=>2=>< 56@01>B05B 56ABK:,56 562 56A;01> 5670BO=CBKE 56µ 56AB5@6=8 561>;B>2.56

56­@8<5< 564;O 56?@>AB>BK 56@0AAC645=89,56 56GB> 5645D>@<0F8O<8 56=86=53> 56H8@>:>3> 56;8AB0 56<>6=> 56?@5=51@5GL.56 56">340 56A<5I5=85 56A>548=O5<KE 56M;5<5=B>2 562 56A5G5=88 561>;B0 56256 561C45B 56<5=LH5,56 56G5< 562 56A5G5=88 561>;B0 56156 56=0 5625;8G8=C 56@0ABO65=8O 56?>;>AK 56=0 56CG0AB:5

56156µ 256.56 56!>>B25BAB25==> 561C45B 56<5=LH5 56A42830NI0O 56=03@C7:0.56 5603@C7:0 56=0 561>;B 56356 565I5 56<5=LH5.56 56 56@50;L=KE 56:>=AB@C:F8OE 56M?N@0 56@0A?@545;5=8O 56=03@C7:8 56<564C 561>;B0<8 56?>;CG05BAO 57A54;>>1@07=>9.57

57 572KA>:>=0?@O65==KE 571>;B>2KE 57A>548=5=8OE 57F5;5A>>1@07=> 57@073@C60BL 571>;BK 572 577>=5 572KA>:8E 57=0?@O65=89 57A>548=O5<KE 5745B0;59.57 57C6=> 572 57?5@2CN 57>G5@54L 57>15A?5G8BL 57@0F8>=0;L=>5 578A?>;L7>20=85 57<0B5@80;0 57>A=>2=>3> 57M;5<5=B0 57µ 57?>;>AK.57 57>;55 57957057%57 57A;CG052 57@07@CH5=89 57=01;N405BAO 57?> 57A5G5=8N 57G5@57 571>;B 57157.57 57!;54>20B5;L=>,57 572K3>4=> 57@073@C78BL 571>;B 57157 5770 57AG5B 574@C38E 571>;B>2.57 57 57A>548=5=8OE 57A 57=0:;04:0<8 57F5;5A>>1@07=> 5745;0BL 578E 57<0:A8<0;L=> 578.57 57O 57?@>G=>ABL 57A8;L=> 5770BO=CBKE 571>;B>2KE 57A>548> 572KH5,57 57G5< 57A>548=5=89,57 572 57:>B>@KE 57A8;K 572 5779 57G0AB8 57?5@540NBAO 57G5@57 57AB5@6=8 571>;B>2.57 57µO 57:>=B0:B=>9 57:>@@>788 57=C6=> 57>15ABLH5 57=0 572A59 57?>25@E=>AB8 57ABK:0.57

57#:070==K5 57@0AAC645=8O 57?>;=>ABLN 57@0A?@>AB@0=8<K 57=0 5770:;5?>G=K5 57A>548=5=8O.57