- •Textbook Series
- •Contents
- •ATPL Book 14 Communications
- •1 Definitions
- •Introduction
- •Transmission of Letters and Numbers
- •Definitions
- •Abbreviations
- •Categories of Messages
- •VHF Range
- •2 General Operating Procedures
- •Introduction
- •Technique
- •Transmission of Time
- •Standard Words and Phrases
- •Call Signs
- •Direction Finding (DF)
- •Radio Test Procedures
- •Transfer of Communications
- •Readback
- •Radar Procedures
- •Conditional Clearances
- •3 Phraseology
- •Introduction
- •General Phraseology
- •Area Control Services
- •Approach Control Services
- •Starting Procedures
- •Coordination between ATS Units
- •General Radar Phraseologies
- •Radar in Approach Control Service
- •Surveillance Radar Approach
- •PAR Approach
- •SSR Phraseology
- •8.33 kHz Phraseology
- •Initial Message
- •4 Weather Information
- •Introduction
- •Sources of Weather Information
- •Supplementary Information
- •5 Failures and Emergencies
- •Introduction
- •Communications Failure
- •Emergencies
- •Distress Procedures
- •Urgency Procedures
- •Medical Transports
- •Communications Related to Acts of Unlawful Interference
- •Introduction
- •Call Signs
- •Level Reporting
- •Position Reporting
- •MET Reports
- •Communication Failure under IFR
- •SELCAL
- •NDB Approach Profiles
- •7 VHF Propagation
- •Introduction
- •Radio Frequency Bands
- •VHF Frequency Spread
- •VHF Frequency Separation
- •VHF Propagation Characteristics
- •Factors Affecting VHF Propagation
- •Effective Range of VHF
- •Freak Propagation
- •8 Questions
- •Specimen Questions – IFR
- •9 Index
Phraseology 3
Area Control Services
Issuance of a clearance |
(name of unit) CLEARS ( aircraft identification) |
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(aircraft) CLEARED TO |
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RECLEARED (amended route portion) TO |
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(significant point of original route) |
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ENTER CONTROL AREA (or ZONE) [via |
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(SIGNIFICANT POINT)] at (level) [AT (time)] |
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LEAVE CONTROL AREA (or ZONE) AT (level) |
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(or CLIMBING, or DESCENDING) |
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JOIN (specify) AT (significant point) AT (level) |
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[AT (time)] |
Indication of route and clearance limit |
FROM (place) TO (place) |
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TO (place) Followed as necessary by: |
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DIRECT |
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VIA (route and/or reporting points) |
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VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE |
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Note:- Conditions associated with the use of |
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this phrase are in Part III, 12.2 |
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VIA (distance) ARC (direction) OF |
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(name of DME Station) DME |
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(level or route) NOT AVAILABLE DUE (reason) |
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ALTERNATIVE[S] IS/ARE (levels or routes) |
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ADVISE |
Maintenance of specified levels |
MAINTAIN (level) [TO (significant point)] |
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MAINTAIN (level) UNTIL PASSING (significant |
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point) |
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MAINTAIN (level) UNTIL (time) |
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MAINTAIN (level) UNTIL FURTHER ADVISED |
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MAINTAINED (level) WHILE IN CONTROLLED |
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AIRSPACE |
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MAINTAIN AT LEAST (number) METRES |
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(or FEET) ABOVE (or BELOW) (aircraft |
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identification) |
Phraseology 3
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3 Phraseology
Phraseology 3
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Note:- the term “MAINTAIN” is not used in lieu |
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of “DESCEND” or “CLIMB” when instructing |
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an aircraft to change level |
Specification of cruising levels |
CROSS (significant point) AT (or ABOVE, or |
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BELOW) (level) |
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CROSS (significant point) AT (time) OR |
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LATER (or BEFORE) AT (level) [MAINTAINING |
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OWN SEPARATION AND VMC] |
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CRUISE CLIMB BETWEEN (levels) (or ABOVE |
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(level)) CROSS (distance) (name of DME |
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station) DME AT (or ABOVE, or BELOW) |
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(level) |
Emergency descent |
* EMERGENCY DESCENT (intentions) |
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EMERGENCY DESCENT AT (significant point |
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or location) ALL AIRCRAFT BELOW (level) |
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WITHIN (distance) OF (significant point or |
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navigation aid) |
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LEAVE IMMEDIATELY (followed as necessary |
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by specific instructions as to direction, |
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heading or track etc.) |
If clearance cannot be issued |
EXPECT CLEARANCE AT (time) |
immediately upon request |
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En route absorption of terminal delay |
AT (time or position) DESCEND TO (level) FOR |
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EN ROUTE DELAY OF (number) minutes |
Separation instructions |
CROSS (significant point) AT (time) |
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ADVISE IF ABLE TO CROSS (significant point) |
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AT (time); |
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MAINTAIN MACH (number) |
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Phraseology 3
Approach Control Services
Departure instructions |
AFTER DEPARTURE TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) |
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HEADING (three digits) |
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TURN RIGHT (or LEFT) HEADING (three digits) |
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TRACK (three digits) DEGREES [MAGNETIC |
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or TRUE] TO (or FROM) (significant point) |
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UNTIL (time, or REACHING (fix or significant |
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point or level)) [BEFORE SETTING HEADING]; |
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SET HEADING AT (or BEFORE, or LATER |
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THAN) (time) |
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SET HEADING TO (or DIRECT) (significant |
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point) AT (or BEFORE, or LATER THAN) (time) |
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AFTER REACHING (or PASSING) (level or |
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significant |
point) |
SET |
HEADING [DIRECT] |
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(significant point) |
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CLEARED VIA (designation). |
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Note:- Conditions associated with the |
use |
of |
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this phrase are in Part III, 12.2 |
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Approach instructions |
CLEARED VIA (designation) |
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CLEARED |
TO |
(clearance |
limit) |
VIA |
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(designation) |
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CLEARED VIA (details |
of |
route |
to |
be |
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followed) |
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CLEARED (type of approach) APPROACH [RUNWAY (number)]
CLEARED APPROACH [RUNWAY (number)]
COMMENCE APPROACH [RUNWAY (number)]
REQUEST STRAIGHT-IN APPROACH [RUNWAY (number)]
COMMENCE APPROACH AT (time)
REPORT VISUAL
REPORT RUNWAY [LIGHTS] IN SIGHT
Phraseology 3
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3 Phraseology
Phraseology 3
Holding instructions
.... visual
.... published holding procedure facility of fix
....when a pilot requires an oral description of holding procedure based on a facility (VOR or NDB)
* REQUEST VISUAL APPROACH
CLEARED VISUAL APPROACH (number) REPORT (significant point); [OUTBOUND, or INBOUND]
REQUEST VMC DESCENT
MAINTAIN OWN SEPARATION
MAINTAIN VMC
ARE YOU FAMILIAR WITH (name) APPROACH
PROCEDURE
REPORT MLS CAPABILITY
*REQUEST (type of approach) APPROACH [RUNWAY (number)]
*REQUEST (MLS/RNAV plain language designator)
REQUEST (MLS/RNAV plain language designator)
HOLD VISUAL [OVER] (position), (or
BETWEEN (two prominent landmarks))
HOLD AT (significant point, name facility or over a fix) (level) EXPECT APPROACH (or FURTHER CLEARANCE) AT (time)
* REQUEST HOLDING INSTRUCTIONS
HOLD AT (name of facility) (call sign and frequency, if necessary) (level) INBOUND TRACK (three digits) DEGREES RIGHT (or LEFT) HAND PATTERN OUTBOUND TIME (number) MINUTES (additional instructions, if necessary)
HOLD ON THE (three digits) RADIAL OF THE (name) VOR (call sign and frequency, if necessary) at (distance) DME (or) BETWEEN (distance) AND (distance) DME (level) INBOUND TRACK (three digits) RIGHT
(or LEFT) HAND PATTERN (additional instructions, if necessary)
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