Вариант 2

1Переведите текст на русский язык письменно. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Sun-driven engine

1. It is common knowledge that certain metals and their alloys are attracted by a magnet. After heating, this property vanishes; it is restored after cooling down. A new magneto-heat engine works on this principle. This invention relates to devices, which transform thermal power, for instance, the power of die sun rays, into a mechanical power of rotation.

2. We know solar power is inexhaustible and its use does not harm the environment. That's why such importance is attached to the devices which make it possible to apply the idea of direct use of solar power, transforming it into mechanical forms of power. The development of an engine directly driven by a heat source such as solar power makes it possible to simplify and make power generation considerably cheaper, in comparison to the existing thermal engines we use today.

3. The rotor of the new engine is made of an alloy that loses its magnetic properties already at 100 С. If the rotor is heated on one side, the cold side of the rotor will turn toward the magnet. Since heating continues, the rotor goes on rotating, too. Thus solar power can be used as a source of heat in this case. The magneto-heat engine can drive pumps in waterless districts; it can also be widely used for watering greenery in cities and settlements.

4. By using thermo magnetic alloys it is possible to develop a lot of automatic devices, for example, solar clocks, thermometers, etc. Mention should be made that these devices can withstand extreme temperatures. To organize the production of the necessary alloys is simple as there is no need for rare materials or complex technology.

Vocabulary:

Knowledge – знание

To attract – притягивать

Device – устройство, механизм

Development – развитие

Use – применение, использование

Comparison – сравнение

Property – свойство

Source - источник

2Ответьте на вопросы к тексту письменно.

1. How is the solar power used?

2. What is the rotor of the new engine made of?

3Определите функцию глаголовtobeиtohave. Переведите предложения.

1. We are students of this institute.

2. The girl was making breakfast at 9 o’clock.

3. You have to study better.

4. My friend has eight lessons a day.

4Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в указанном времени. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. In an hour they (to meet) their friends at the station – Future Simple

2. Workers (to put) cables on the walls now. – Present Continuous

3. Radio (to transmit) signals by electromagnetic waves – Present Simple

4. An electric field (to appear) between two plates – Present Perfect

5. They (to carry) electric waves over a distance – Future Perfect

5Подчеркните модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты в предложениях, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. You will be able to speak Spanish in few months.

2. Can I help you?

3. We shall be allowed to test the machine.

4. It must be very difficult to learn Chinese.

5. They had to stay at home because it was very cold.

6Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление глаголов вPassiveVoice.

1. The television networks are established by our company.

2. Electronic equipment has been used for signal reception.

3. All lessons will be attended by students.

4. The work will have been finished late at night.

5. New machines were created by Russian engineers.

7Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на повелительное наклонение.

1. Закройте дверь.

2. Обсудите эту проблему.

3. Платите деньги.

4. Откройте окна.

5. Включи компьютер.