T'u-chüe= Gök-Türkler

Kök-Türük=Gök-Türk Türük=Türk

Tu-ku= Türk Tu-cüe= Türkler Uz= Tork= Ghuzz

Turkoman= In the first years of Islam, used for the Ghuzz people converted to Islam, by Persian and Arabic historians.

Turanlı= Türk (Turan is the name given by old Persians for Turkistan or North and West of Sayhan River)

Tork= Uz (In mid XI century; Ghuzz lived North of Black Sea, named as “Tork” by Russian writers, “Uz” by Roman writers)

The Khuns, Scythians, And Gokturks

The classical Roman, Latin, and Armenian historians (like Theodoretus, Sidonius, and Priskos) expressed the Khuns as Scythians [3] The writer of this paper determined that some old graves in Mangislak of Kazakhstan, Hiva of Uzbekistan, and historical uybat city of Hakasya and some styles of clothing are commonly belonging to Khuns and Scythlaus.

"Almost all Chinese records are unanimous on the Hienyun (Xiong-nu) of ancient times are the ancestors of the Khuns" [4, р.41]. Sümer (1972, p.2) also assigns that the first founders of Turkish state structre are the "Xiong-nus" on the other hand "Gökturk state is almost the continuation of the Great Khun State" [4, р,17]. Because it is written in Chinese Sources that the Gokturks, Uygurs, and Kyrgyz are descended from the Xiong-nu people and Xiong-nu state were ruled by 24 commanders [5, р.] . "The most precise result about the origin of the Gök-Turks is that they had lived in South of Altay Mountains until the year 542. As all Chinese sources allied, they descended from the Khuns and located at the North of them [6, р.9]. Thus the Gök-Turks are one line of the Khuns. The first kaans of the Khuns, of the Khuns, Mete and Ghuzz of Ghuzz Legend are said to be the same person by some folklorists. Although in Chinese annual records, some words used by tliung-nus like "tanrı, kut, börü, il, ordu, tugh, kilich.., and so on” can be seen; the first historical document about the Khuns is belonging to the year 318 B-C; an agreement. At those times the Chou role in china weakened and some civil struggles emerged. In such a situation five local rulers signed alliance agreement with Xiong-nus, against to the strengthened Ch'ins [1, р.59].

The General Characteristics of the Xiong-nus

The Xiong-nus had begun to be seen in Chinese sources since 400 s B.C. Before them, since some relations between the religious beliefs and traditios of Chou state (1050-256 B.C.). And those of Turks exist; and since this state established on the geography of Turks; the relation with Turks is expressed. But since this could not be proven, it is not more than a hypothesis. They lived in nomadic style, fed horse, cattle, and sheep, and performed agriculture. So they were having grain cellars. Their food pattern was meat dominant. They were wearing clothes made of pelt. They drunk kimiz and were using voiced arrows and leather clothes. In fifth month of every year, they do fast and sacrifice for land and sky. Horseracings are being done during these fests. In eighth month, autumn, horseracings around forest or a sign, are being done. Left side is holy. They worship to sun and moon.

The magicians engrave the bones of sheep and cattle to the road against the bad spirits. It is said that the magicians of the Khuns were being used in the service of Chincses. They export wool covers, wooll made textiles, and different felts. The Gu-tzang city in Gan-su was established by Xiong-nus. But they have no big city siuce they live semi-nomadic life. Politically, they wore 24 nobility levels in society. They are red haired, white raced and having green eycs [7, р,76-77].

The States Established by Xiong-nus

If we consider the first document in Chinese annual records, the states established by Xiong-nus are: 1. The First Khun State (318 B .C - 48 A. D.)

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