Bodies, arches, processes connection and intervertebral joints

Joints

Articular surfaces

Ligaments

Type of joint

Axis of movement

Movements of a joint

Sternoclavicular joint

(articulatio sternoclavicularis)

sternal articular facet of the clavicle, clavicular notch of the sternum (there is the intra-articular disc )

anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments (lig. sternoclaviculare anterius et posterius);

costoclavicular ligament (ligamentum costoclaviculare);

interclavicular ligament (lig interclaviculare)

plane, complex

multiaxial

Rise and lower the clavicle, forward and backward movement of the clavicle, circumduction of the clavicle

Acromioclavicular joint (articulatio acromioclavicularis)

clavicular facet of the acromion, acromial facet of the clavicle (there is the intra-articular disc )

acromioclavicular ligament (lig.acromioclaviculare);

coracoclavicular ligament (lig.coracoclaviculare) is composed of trapezoid ligament (lig. trapezoideum) and conoid ligament (lig. conoideum);

plane, complex

multiaxial

Rise and lower the clavicle, forward and backward movement of the clavicle, circumduction of the clavicle

Shoulder joint

(articulatio humeri)

head of the humerus, glenoid cavity of the scapula (there is a cartilaginous glenoid labrum)

coracohumeral ligament (lig. coracohumerale);

coracoacromial ligament (lig. coracoacromiale)

glenohumeral ligaments (ligg. glenohumeralia)

transverse humeral ligament (lig. transversum humeri)

Ball and socket

multiaxial

flexion and extension of the arm, abduction up to horizontal level, adduction, medial and lateral rotation, circumduction

Elbow joint (articulatio cubiti)

Humeroulnar joint (articulatio humeroulnaris)

trochlea of the humerus, trochlear notch of the ulna

ulnar and radial collateral ligaments (lig. collaterale ulnare et radiale);

anular ligament of the radius (lig. anulare radii);

square ligament (lig. quadratum)

composite

trochoid (helical)

uniaxial (frontal)

flexion and extension of the forearm

Humeroradial joint (articulatio humeroradialis)

capitulum of the humerus,

articular fossa of the head of the radius

Ball and socket

multiaxial

flexion and extension of the forearm, rotation

Proximal radio-ulnar joint (articulatio radioulnaris proximalis

articular circumference of the radius, radial notch of the ulna

hinge

uniaxial (longitudinal)

rotation of the forearm and hand (pronation, supination)

Distal radio-ulnar joint (articulatio radioulnaris proximalis

articular circumference of the ulna, ulnar notch of the radius (there is the intra-articular disc )

radius and ulna fix jointly by interosseus membrane (membrana interosea) and oblique cord (chorda obliqua)

hinge

uniaxial (longitudinal)

rotation of the forearm and hand (pronation, supination)

Radiocarpal joint (articulatio radiocarpalis)

carpal articular surface of the radius, surfaces of proximal carpal bones (there is the intra-articular disc )

ulnar and radial collateral ligaments of wrist joint(lig. collaterale carpi ulnare et radiale);

palmar, dorsal radiocarpal ligament (lig. radiocarpale palmare, dorsale )

composite, elipsoid,

complex

biaxial (saggital,

frontal)

abduction, adduction, flexion, extension of the hand

Midcarpal joint (articulatio mediocarpalis)

articular surfaces of the proximal and distal carpal bones excepting of the pisiform bone

radiate carpal ligament (lig. carpi radiatum);

palmar, dorsal intercarpal ligaments (ligg. intercarpalia palmaria, dorsalia );

interosseous intercarpal ligament (ligg. intercarpalia interossea)

composite,

trochoid

uniaxial (frontal)

flexion, extension of the hand

Intercarpal joints

(articulationes intercarpales)

face-to-face articular surfaces of the carpal bones

plane

multiaxial

sedentary

Pisiform joint

(articulatio ossis pisiformis)

articular surfaces of the pisiform and triquetral bone

pisohamate ligament (lig. pisohamatum);

pisometacarpal ligament (lig. pisometecarpale)

plane

multiaxial

sedentary

Carpometacarpal joints

(articulationes carpometacarpales)

articular surfaces of the distal carpal bones and base of the II — V metacarpal bones

palmar, dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments (ligg. carpometacarpalia palmaria, dorsalia );

plane

multiaxial

sedentary

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb

(articulatio carpometacarpalis pollicis)

articular surfaces of the trapezium bone

and base of the I metacarpal bone

---

saddle

biaxial (saggital,

frontal)

abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, opposition of the thumb

Intermetacarpal joints

(articulationes intermetacarpales)

face-to-face articular facets of base of metacarpal bones

palmar, dorsal metacarpal ligaments (ligg. metacarpalia palmaria, dorsalia );

interosseous metacarpal ligament (ligg. metacarpalia interossea)

plane

multiaxial

sedentary

Metacarpophalangeal joints

(articulationes metacarpophalangeae)

articular surfaces of the heads of the metacarpal bones and base of the phalanges

collateral ligaments (ligamenta collateralia);

palmar ligaments (ligamenta palmaria);

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments (ligg. metacarpalia transversa prfunda)

elipsoid

biaxial (saggital,

frontal)

abduction, adduction, flexion, extension of the fingers

Interphalangeal joints

(articulationes interphalangeae manus)

articular surfaces of the heads and bases of the adjoining phalanges

collateral ligaments (ligamenta collateralia);

palmar ligaments (ligamenta palmaria)

hinge

uniaxial (frontal)

flexion, extension of the phalanges