english_answers

4.a)norms, b)normative;

5.a)acquainted, b)acquaintance;

6.a)reliability, b)reliable;

7.a)registered, b)registration.

Task 1.62.

1 – d, 2 – f, 3 – g, 4 – i, 5 – a, 6 – c, 7 – b, 8 – e, 9 – h, 10 – j.

Task 1.63.

1.The document is said to be copied and printed illegally.

2.The proposals are still under examination.

3.I haven’t got the original letter but I have got its copy.

4.A secretary comes twice a week to deal with his correspondence.

5.The teaching staff is excellent.

6.A mass of data is stored on the computer.

7.A lot of work is temporary now.

8.All the necessary documents will be signed and agreed.

9.I couldn’t read his illegible signature.

10.His advice has been of great practical value.

Task 1.65.

1 – b, 2 – c, 3 – c, 4 – b, 5 – a, 6 – a, 7 – b, 8 – b, 9 – a, 10 – b.

Task 1.66.

1.The most important documents are considered to require permanent storage.

2.He is said to be a first-rate expert in the sphere of documents value examination.

3.The humanities are sure to enrich the spiritual life of the young people.

4.This part of his job is likely to give him the most satisfaction.

5.A document is believed to be an official paper or a certificate that gives information or supplies evidence.

6.The document was reported to have been proved authentic.

7.Our graduates are known to be fully qualified specialists.

8.The papers were stated not to have been prepared according to the fixed norm.

9.They are likely to find the work in the archives the most difficult.

10.English is considered to be one of the most wide-spread languages in the world.

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Task 2.7

1 – f, 2 – b, 3 – i, 4 – j, 5 – c, 6 – h, 7 – a, 8 – g, 9 – e, 10 – d.

Task 2.8

1 – 6, 2 – 8, 3 – 7, 4 – 2, 5 – 1, 6 – 3, 7 – 10, 8 – 9, 9 – 5, 10 – 4.

Task 2.9

1 – 5, 2 – 6, 3 – 8, 4 – 10, 5 – 4, 6 – 9, 7 – 1, 8 – 7, 9 – 2, 10 – 3.

Task 2.10

1 a) calculations, b) calculator

2 a) solutions, b) solved

3 a) performed, b) performance

4 a) installations, b) installed

5 a) processing, b) processor.

Task 2.11

Across: 1. performance, 2. investigate, 3. calculate, 4. create, 5. transfer, 6. record, 7. investigation, 8. measurement, 9. enterprise, 10. master, 11. achieve, 12. handle, 13. simulate, 14. acquire, 15. data.

Down: 1. process, 10. mean, 16. solution, 17. fundamentals, 18. purpose, 19. perform, 20. achievement, 21. guidance, 22. provide, 23. assess, 24. software, 25. technique, 26. capacity, 27. acquaint, 28. processing, 29. simulation, 30. guide, 31. hardware, 32. device, 33. value, 34. solve, 35. measure.

Task 2.11

1 – b, 2 – c, 3 – a, 4 – c, 5 – b, 6 – a, 7 – a, 8 – c, 9 – b, 10 – c, 11 – b, 12 – c, 13 – a.

Task 2.13

1 – b, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – c.

Task 2.14

1 – a, 2 – b, 3 – c, 4 – a, 5 – c, 6 – c, 7 – c, 8 – a, 9 – a, 10 – a.

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Task 2.17

1 – b, 2 – f, 3 – h, 4 – i, 5 – g, 6 – e, 7 – d, 8 – c, 9 – a.

Task 2.19

1a) doing, b) carrying, completing, to take;

2c) used, d) has been equipped, having, being operated;

3e) designing, f) didn’t disappear, is done.

Task 2.20

1 – a, 2 – b, 3 – a, 4 – b, 5 – a.

Task 2.21

Many students in our laboratory deal with experimental activity. They use modern methods and devices, they also widely use computer equipment. Before the experiment (starts) all necessary preparations are done, the devices are checked and the duties are shared. When the experiment starts different measuring devices observe the process. The results of the measurement are regularly written down. The aim of any experiment is to take measurement and present the results in the form of figures. When the experiment is completed, the obtained data is analyzed and the conclusion is drawn.

The time of scientific investigations with the help of intuition has already passed and nowadays it is necessary to carry out hundreds of investigations to invent something new.

Task 2.22

1.Having completed the experiment, he wrote down the results obtained.

2.Laboratory is a place intended for experimental study of different branches of science.

3.There are many laboratories equipped with computers at our department.

4.The laboratory has a wide range of devices necessary for carrying out scientific investigations.

5.Work in the laboratory helps students to perfect their knowledge in special subjects.

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Task 2.23

1.When were we shown the laboratory of organic chemistry?

2.Who is the new sort of steel being tested by? Who is testing the new sort of steel?

3.What have the experiments shown to us?

4.How can the flame of the burner be regulated?

5.What did they heat by means of a Bunsen burner?

6.What does the new lab consist of?

7.What is every working place fitted with?

8.Where must the analytical balance be kept?

9.What will you see if you visit this laboratory?

10.When had all the questions been answered?

11.What does a barometer measure?

Task 2.30

1 – 6, 2 – 12, 3 – 7, 4 – 11, 5 – 9, 6 – 10, 7 – 4, 8 – 13, 9 – 2, 10 – 1, 11 – 3, 12 – 14, 13 – 8, 14 – 5.

UNIT 3. UKRAINIAN NAMES IN WORLD SCIENCE

The subject of this Unit is Ukrainian Names in World Science. The topic provides suitable contexts for much practice of the main linguistic aims of the Unit, Non-Finite Forms of the Verb. At the intermediate level we do not just concentrate on the Infinitive, Participle and Gerund, but we focus on the Infinitive, Participle and Gerundial complexes which are often used in technical literature.

The skills work includes a listening activity where students are offered to listen to five pieces of information, each accompanied by a small assignment, a reading text about outstanding people of Ukrainian origin who are the pride of the world science, while very little is known about them in Ukraine. The reading and writing skills are combined in this Unit and are based upon the material covering the topic, and the main vocabulary activities will help students in understanding the texts and dialogues. There are many opportunities for both controlled and free speaking practice throughout the Unit.

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Task 3.3.1.

Heorhiy Vorony is widely known as one of the most talented mathematicians in the theory of numbers on the verge of the 19th – 20th centuries. The scientist managed to publish only 12 papers during his lifetime but each one was so important that it gave impulse to the development of new branches in mathematics.

Heorhiy Vorony was born in Poltava region in 1868. After finishing gymnasium he entered St. Petersburg University where he mastered mathematics and physics, and cherished a dream of his own discoveries. On receiving his Master’s degree Heorhiy Vorony was appointed to work in Warsaw University as Professor of mathematics.

Task 3.3.2.

The name of Myron Zarytsky, a brilliant mathematician, gifted and inspired pedagogue is very little known in Ukraine. He was born into the family of a priest in Ternopil region in 1889.

Myron Zarytsky entered Vienna University and continued his studies at Lviv University. In Lviv the notable mathematician became a member of the Scientific Society named after T. Shevchenko. In Lviv he gained his Doctor of Philosophy degree and wrote about 20 scientific works. His activity at Lviv University, Lviv Polytechnic Institute and Uzhhorod University was intense and interesting.

Task 3.3.3.

Mykhailo Kravchuk is the author of over 180 works, among them 10 books are dedicated to different branches of mathematics. These research works enriched the world science and promoted the development of the first computer. The name of M. Kravchuk is well-known and world-famous in scientific community but nobody knew he was a Ukrainian. Full of energy, creative projects and intentions M. Kravchuk was exiled to Kolyma (Siberia) and he died before he was 50. His name was hushed up in Ukraine.

M. Kravchuk was born in Volyn’ in 1892. Being a man of extraordinary intelligence and culture, he became an associate professor at the age of 25, at 33 – a member of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. M. Kravchuk worked in Kyiv University and maintained scientific and personal contacts with prominent mathematicians of the world.

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Task 3.3.4.

The founder of mathematical culture in Ukraine, Volodymyr Levytsky was the first to write his scientific papers in his native language. He was the first to unite mathematicians of Ukrainian origin for carrying out research.

V.Levytsky collected and compiled Ukrainian terminology dictionary in mathematics and physics, which was published in 1903. Scientific interests of V.Levytsky were wide and versatile: algebra, geometry, the history of mathematics, physics, and astronomy. All his research and public activity was connected with the Scientific Society named after T.Shevchenko in Lviv, which he headed in 19321934. His articles were written in many languages: Ukrainian, Polish, German, French, Spanish, and English.

Task 3.3.5.

Mykhailo Ostrohradsky deserves one of the most distinguished places in the history of the world mathematics. An outstanding talent, sharp intelligence, penetrating mind, high mathematical erudition, knowledge of modern natural sciences helped M.Ostrohradsky to make the first rate discoveries in many branches of mathematics and mechanics.

M.Ostrohradsky was born in Poltava region in 1801. His life was very interesting and difficult. As a young man M.Ostrohradsky wanted to become a military man. Yet, his uncle insisted on Mykhailo’s entering Kharkiv University. The University of Kharkiv, six years in Paris, where M.Ostrohradsky attended lectures of famous mathematicians, gave excellent results. The scientist wrote about 50 works devoted to different branches of mathematics and mechanics. He was acquainted with I.Kotliarevsky, T.Shevchenko, S.Hulak-Artemovsky, M.Lysenko, M.Maksymovych.

Task 3.5.

1a) creative; b) create;

2a) ensures;

3a) invention; b) inventors; c) invent;

4a) managed

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Task 3.10.

1.a) creator; b) creation; c) creative

2.a) invention; b) inventor; c) invented

3.a) investigating; b) investigations; c) investigated

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Task 3.15.

1.Because of his negligence I.Puluy postponed making thorough investigation.

2.This job involves having a new view of this question.

3.He looks forward to making acquaintance with this academician.

4.I don’t really mind his joining my investigations.

5.The scientists suggested realizing his pioneer ideas.

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6.The results of this experiment need checking.

7.His indecision prevented him from publishing the results of his scientific investigations.

8.We appreciate your helping us with the inquiry into this problem.

9.His rivals resented his being the Nobel-prize winner.

10. To gain breathtaking results they kept working incessantly in this field.

Task 3.16.

1.This prominent scholar seems to be our countryman.

2.The scientific activity of many Ukrainian scientists is known to have been hushed up in the Soviet period.

3.Everyone knows I.Puluy to have been the first to investigate X-rays.

4.I think the name of Kostiantyn Tsiolkovsky to be familiar to everyone.

5.This promising scientist is very likely to manage to make a brilliant career.

6.There appears to be a heated discussion of this phenomenon.

7.Inventions and discoveries of Ukrainian scientists proved to be of great pride for Ukraine.

8.We didn’t expect him to be granted a patent so soon.

9.Other countries happened to benefit from the achievements of Ukrainian scientists.

10. Decisiveness is said to lead to success.

Task 3.17.

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