1595

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего

образования «Нижегородский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет»

Е.В. Карцева

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ДЛЯ ЮРИСТОВ

Учебно-методическое пособие

по подготовке к практическим занятиям (включая рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы) по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»

для обучающихся по направлению подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция Международно-правовой профиль

Нижний Новгород

2016

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего

образования «Нижегородский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет»

Е.В. Карцева

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ДЛЯ ЮРИСТОВ

Учебно-методическое пособие

по подготовке к практическим занятиям (включая рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы) по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»

для обучающихся по направлению подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция Международно-правовой профиль

Нижний Новгород

2016

УДК 811.111:34(075)

Карцева Е.В./ Английский для юристов [Электронный ресурс]: учеб.-метод. пос. / Е.В.Карцева; Нижегор. гос. архитектур. - строит. ун - т – Н. Новгород: ННГАСУ, 2016. – 49 с.– 1 электрон. опт. диск (CD-RW)

Цель учебно-методического пособия «Английский для юристов» – введение в язык специальности, ознакомление с видами юридических профессий, их особенностями в странах с англосаксонской системой права. Пособие состоит из 5 разделов, каждый из которых включает аутентичные юридические тексты, языковой материал и лексико-грамматические упражнения, способствующие развитию навыков чтения, говорения, письма и аудирования.

Предназначено обучающимся в ННГАСУ студентам I курса для подготовки к практическим занятиям (включая рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы) по

дисциплине «Иностранный язык» по направлению подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция, Международно-правовому профилю.

Ключевые слова: юрист, законодательный, судебный иск, адвокат, юрисконсульт.

© Е.В.Карцева, 2016

© ННГАСУ, 2016

4

Предисловие Учебное-методическое пособие «Английский для юристов»

предназначено для студентов I курса, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция, Международно-правовому профилю.

Цель учебно-методического пособия – введение в язык специальности, ознакомление с видами юридических профессий, их особенностями в странах с англосаксонской системой права, формирование профессиональной, коммуникативной и социокультурной компетенций.

Пособие состоит из 5 разделов, каждый из которых включает аутентичные юридические тексты, языковой материал и лексико-

грамматические упражнения, способствующие развитию навыков чтения,

говорения, письма и аудирования. Пособие также знакомит студентов с лексикой по деловому английскому языку, т.к. многие тексты посвящены работе юристов и их функциональным обязанностям в различных компаниях.

5

Unit 1

The Need for Legal strategy

Get started

1.Is it a usual practice for companies to have a lawyer? Or do businesses prefer to have a legal department?

2.What do you think the lawyer’s functions at the company are?

Read the text and answer the questions

Whether in a personal or a business context, almost all of us will have at least one encounter with the legal system during our lives. That encounter may be simple as a traffic ticket or as complex as a Sherman antitrust violation suit seeking treble damages. The likelihood of a business encountering a legal difficulty seems to be increasing at an exponential rate. Business firms have expressed concern about their ability to survive in today's increasingly litigious environment, and they are right to worry. The idea of doing business with a handshake or relying on goodwill has long since been replaced by a focus on legal suit and recovery. Most businesses, however, continue to do «business as usual», using methods and strategies that afford very little legal protection and may even make litigation more likely.

Many businesses have at least superficially acknowledged the importance of legal affairs by establishing a vice-presidential position for the in-house counsel. They seldom fully utilize the skills within their legal departments, however. They do not really recognize legal affairs as an area of business life just as important as marketing, production, finance and personnel. Except in highly regulated industries, company lawyers are seldom invited to strategic planning meetings. Usually they are treated merely as highly skilled technicians who should «stick to their knitting» and not concern themselves with the firm's overall policies. As one president bluntly said, «I don't want lawyers telling me what I can and cannot do. I just want them to keep me out of jail». With this attitude at the top, it was not surprising that his company was embroiled in a number of legal actions.

6

Today, companies that ignore the importance of legal affairs are foolish, to say the least. The combined direct and indirect costs of legal aspects of business decisions can outweigh marketing, production, financial, and personnel costs. A number of companies, including Johns Manville, A. H. Robins, Film Recovery Systems, and Jartran, have been driven into bankruptcy partly or wholly because of legal expenses. Others, including Ford, Firestone, and Beech-Nut, have paid untold millions of dollars in legal expenses and lost market share because they did not fully consider the adverse impact litigation could have on their products or services.

Legal affairs, like other corporate functions, should be incorporated into the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis typically done: for strategic decisions. Only when legal affairs department is given a status fully comparable with other business functions will legal costs be minimized,' corporate and executive reputation preserved, and markets retained.

Many of the suits brought against businesses are avoidable. They could be avoided by business becoming involved in the legislative and regulatory environments and providing input on the regulations that affect them. Suits can also be avoided by good preventive legal strategy, yet few companies follow such a strategy. When it comes to lawyers, lawsuits, and laws, most firms simply react. They hire a lawyer or use the in-house lawyer, hope for the best, and cover their eyes when the bill comes. The fact is that good legal strategy is part of good business. If lawyers are consulted only when litigation has arisen, they are consulted too late.

Avoiding litigation (or using it when it can be beneficial) and limiting legal liability need to become an important part of any business's strategic plans. A new product must not only survive market tests, it must also survive tests for product liability. A contract must not only provide the right price and terms, it must provide for the handling of unexpected problems such as embargoes, wars, boycotts, and strikes. Customer relations offer not only goodwill, but also early warning signs about possible product liability suits. The effectiveness of a sales

7

force must be measured not only by its sales figures but also by the accuracy of its

product descriptions and its compliance with antitrust laws.

Vocabulary notes

1.Legal – юридический, законный

2.Legal action – судебное дело, судебный иск

3.Traffic ticket – вызов в суд в связи с нарушением правил уличного движения

4.Antitrust violation suit– иск в связи с нарушением антитрестовского законодательства

5.Treble damages – возмещение убытков в тройном размере

6.Exponential – экспоненциальный

7.Litigate – судиться, быть истцом или ответчиком

8.Litigant,litigator – сторона по гражданскому делу

9.Legal suit – судебный иск

10.Recoveryвзыскание в судебном порядке

11.Afford – предоставлять, давать

12.In-house counsel – штатный юрисконсульт

13.Be embroiled in – быть втянутым в

14.Legal expenses – судебные издержки

15.Adverse – отрицательный, неблагоприятный

16.Legal affairs – юридические дела, вопросы

17.Legal costs – судебные издержки

18.Legislative – законодательный

19.Preventive - превентивный, предупредительный

20.Law – закон, право

21.Lawyer – адвокат, юрист

22.Business law – торговое право, предпринимательское право

23.Case law – прецедентное право

24.Legal liability – юридическая ответственность

8

25.Product liability – ответственность за несчастные случаи, связанные с

продукцией фирмы

26.Provide for – предусматривать

Read the text again and answer the questions:

1.Have you had any encounters with the legal system?

2.What position have many businesses established for the in-house counsel?

3.What five important areas of business life can you name?

4.How did the president mentioned in the text describe the role of lawyers in business?

5.Why have several companies mentioned in the text been driven into bankruptcy?

6.Why should legal affairs be included into the SWOT analysis?

7.When should lawyers be consulted?

8.What tests should a new product survive?

9.The handling of what unexpected problems must a contract provide for?

Match the words with their definitions:

1.Lawsuit

2.Litigation

3.Jail

4.Compliance

5.Regulation

6.Liability

a.an official rule

b.a large secure building where criminals may go if they commit a crime

c.A legal action that is brought in court by one person or company against another

d.Legal responsibility

e.The process of taking a case to court where a dispute can be heard and a decision made

9

f. When people obey an order or request

Fill in the gaps with prepositions:

1.at least one encounter ... the legal system ... our lives

2.concern ... their ability to survive

3.a focus ... legal suit and recovery

4.to keep me ... ... jail

5.were driven bankruptcy ... ... legal expenses

6.good legal strategy is part ... good business

7.measured not only ... its sales figures

8.compliance ... antitrust laws

Over to you

Give a brief presentation (5 minutes) or write a short essay (200-300 words) on “A Business Legal Strategy”. You may use real examples .

Unit 2

Developing Preventive Legal Strategies

Get started

The first thing we do, let's kill all the lawyers. (Shakespeare, Henry VI. Act 4, Scene 2)

What do you think about Shakespeare's line regarding lawyers?

Read the text and check if you were right

Shakespeare's line regarding lawyers has been so often quoted by managers that it became a business cliché. The frequency with which it is used reveals the level of frustration many managers feel concerning lawyers, litigation, and legal matters in general. It is true that avoiding litigation is usually desirable, it is not always so, the process can provide as many opportunities as pitfalls for business. By its very nature, litigation is a zero-sum game; in other words, it has winners and losers. Those managers fond of quoting Shakespeare's line may be overly problem centered and see only the pitfalls in legal action. An opportunity-centered manager,