6 Взаимодействие неаллельных генов
.pdf31
. W
Y, . -
, -
wwyy. , 12 : 3 : 1
F2
9:3:3:1, 9 W_Y_ 3 W_yy 12/16
. ( )
Y (Y<W)
(wwY_), W.
, , -
, , , ,
.
-
, .
. -
.
-
, .
, -
,
. , , , -
,
.
6.2.2
,
, -
,
, : _ >bb.
« », .
, , I- (0)
I0I0), – III- ( – B, IBIB IBI0 )
I . , -
II . -
. I- ( I0I0).
( ) IV- ( )
, , (I I ). -
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
32
, , – I I0.
I ?
,
, ( , -
.) .
,
) -h ( . . 6.14.). , -
, IBI0, -
h. IB.
-
I- . , |
II- |
, (I I0) |
|
. -
I0 I- (
). -
IB, h – I .
h, -
II IV- .
I |
I0I0Hh × IBI0Hh |
|
|
|
I (0) |
III (B) |
|
|
|
|
|
II |
|
IBI0 hh × IAI0 HH |
|
|
I |
II (A) |
|
|
|
|
|
III |
|
I0I0 Hh |
IAIB Hh |
|
I (0) |
VI (AB) |
|
|
|
. 6.14.
h.
6.2.2.1. 9:3:4
9:3:4
.
-
. , P , -
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
33
p . R
(
), r -
. , PPRR
( -). (pprr)
. (PpRr)
. F2
: 9/16 (P_R_), 3/16
(P_rr) 4/16 (ppR_ pprr). ,
,
: pp>R_ pp>rr. ppR_ pprr -
, p ,
, –
R .
,
. -
, , -
-
. -
.
-
.
6.2.2.2.
, -
, -
-
, . _, bb
_.
.
( )
– 9:7, . , -
. -
-
.
; .
,
, , -
. -
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
34
.
. -
,
.
-
. ,
. -
-
. , , , -
, ,
, ,
, , , , . -
.
. -
. .
,
.
, -
.
6.3.
( ) – -
, -
.
(
).
. -
: 1) 2) .
6.3.1.
-
,
.
-
. . 1908 .
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
35
( )
F2 15/16
1/16 . -
( . 6.15.).
,
, , -
. , . -
, , , F3 . ,
. ,
F2, , -
. -
, -
, -
. -
.
,
. .
(
).
-
: Al, A2, 3 – , l, 2, 3.
, -
A1A1 A2A2 1 1 2 2.
F1 1 1 2 2, -
.
F2 -
:
–1/16 ( 1 1A2A2);
( ).
–4/16 ( 1 1 2 21 1 2 2); ( ).
–6/16 -
( 1 1 2 2, 1 1 2 2, 1 1 2 2);
);
–4/16 ( 1 1 2 2, 1 1 2 2);
( );
–1/16
( 1 1 2 2); .
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
36
. 6.15. -
-
F2 1+4+6+4+1 = 16, -
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
37
.
-
, F1 -
, 1 1 2 2 3 3, -
F2 . ,
, -
-
.
-
.
. -
-
F2
-
: 63
1 -
. F2 -
-
1 1 2 2 3 3
-
1 1 2 2 3 3.
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
3 |
|
. 6,16.
F2 -
: 1 – ; 2 – -
; 3 – .
-
: 1+6+15+20+15+6+1 = 64.
. 6.16.
-
-, - .
, -
, -
.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
38
, -
-
.
,
.
, , , ,
,
, .
-
. -
, -
.
, .
, -
.
. -
-
. , -
: 1, 2, 3, 4.
– , – .
( 1 1 2 2 3 34 4) . -
. -
( 1 1 2 2 3 34 4) , -
. -
8 0, ( . 6.17.).
( ). -
,
. -
.
( , ,
, ).
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
39
. 6.17. -
.
,
F2 ,
, -
: -
, . ,
, . ,
, -
, .
.
, -
, -
. -
– -
.
-
,
-
. -
( ) .
.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .
40
. 6.18. -
( ): –
; - .
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
. . 3. .
. . – : , 2006. –176 .