диафрагмированные волноводные фильтры / 6d82ecc2-96fb-4b99-a7bf-267e3244082f

Fig. 18. Comparison between simulated (blue solid line) and measured (red dots) scattering coefficients in the Ku-band of the Ku-band diplexer with additional rejection in the K-band. The red and blue bars indicate the Tx band [10.7,11.7]GHz and Rxband [13.00,14.5]GHz.(a)Reflection coefficient at thecommonport1.(b)Transmission coefficients and fromthe common port 1 to the Tx port 2 and Rx port 3. (c) Detail of the transmission coefficients

and . (d) Transmission coefficient from the Tx port 2 to the Rx port

3.

the rejection requirement in the K-band. Table III summarizes the electrical performance of the prototype. The isolation between the Tx and Rx channels is higher than 70 dB, the return loss is better than 30 dB, and very low levels of insertion loss are achieved for both channels (0.08 dB). Despite the additional complexity, the simulated and measured scattering coefficients in the Ku-band shown in Fig. 18 are almost in perfect

Fig. 19. Experimental characterization in the K-band of the Ku-band diplexer with additional rejection in the K-band. (a) Photograph of the measurement setup with VNA ports connected to the common port 1 and the Ku-Rx port 3 of the diplexer trough transitions Tr1 and Tr2. (b) Comparison between simulated (blue solid line) and measured (red dots) scattering transmission coefficient ofthe setup with aniris inserted atport1. Theblack dashed line denotes thecomputed value when only the mode is considered in the setup simulation. The green bar indicates the K-band [17.7, 21.2] GHz.

agreement. Due to the larger transition band, the input power in the single-carrier condition is almost double that of the Ku-band diplexer previously described.

The measurement of the rejection in the K-band between ports 1 and 3 has been carried out by means of the experimental setup shown in Fig. 19(a). The VNA setup has been calibrated in the band [17.6, 21.3] GHz with a a frequency span of 4.6 MHz by applying a standard single-mode TRL calibration at the WR51 rectangular waveguide ports. Subsequently, the diplexer has been connected to the setup by means of two transitions Tr1 and Tr2 from WR51 to WR75 rectangular waveguides at ports 1 and 3. These transitions exhibit two symmetry planes, and hence, do not excite high-order modes propagating in the WR75 waveguide. In order to test the diplexer rejection to both the mode and the modes, an -plane asymmetric iris has been inserted at port 1. Different modal contents of the incoming signal at the diplexer common port 1 has been generated by varying the aperture, position, and orientation of the iris. This procedure is similar to those described in [22] and [42] to assess filter rejection to the mode. In thesemeasurementsetups, -plane waveguidebends have been used to partially couple the incident mode to the mode. Fig. 19(b) shows the comparison between the measured and simulated transmission coefficient between ports 1 and 3 of the setup with an iris designed to couple the

modes at approximately the 6-dB level. The peaks in the curve are associated to the resonances arising in the WR75 waveguide connecting thetransition Tr1 to thecommon portofthediplexer. In this waveguide section, the modes are trapped by the high reflection coefficient exhibited by both the diplexer and the transition. However, the magnitude of these peaks never

Fig. 20. Testing of the diplexers for PIM products. (a) Photograph of the Ku-band diplexer with additional rejection in the K-band under test. (b) PIM at third-order versus temperature at ambient pressure.

do exceed the level of 50 dB due to the rejection provided by the Ku-Rx/K-band diplexer. For due comparison, the black dashed line denotes the computed transmission coefficient

when only the mode is considered in the setup simulation.

3) Diplexers PIM Performance: Diplexer prototypes and flight units have been tested for PIM products versus tem-

high-power facility of Thales Alenia Space site in Rome. For two carriers of 105 W at the diplexer Tx port, the PIM level has been monitored for third order [see Fig. 20(a)]. PIM level comparable with the setup noise-floor (140 dBm) has been

measured at the Rx port. Fig. 20(b) shows the typical measured response of PIM levels at third order versus temperature. The tests highlight the applicability of the selected clam shell manufacturing technology to support a PIM-free design at the highest third order. Since the device symmetry in the -plane prevents currents to flow through the clam shell cut, the only realistic PIM source is at diplexer common port. To this end, a contactless interface has been designed in order to suppress the PIM third order of about 70 dB with reference to a standard waveguide flange.

V. CONCLUSION

In this paper, an -plane filter topology suitable for highpower satellite applications has been presented. The architecture is based on the direct connection of composite step/stub

resonators arranged along alternating sides of the main waveguide. According to this topology, filters and diplexers can be designed to exhibit low standing-wave ratio and wide gaps between metallic faces, resulting in an enhancement of the powerhandling capabilities of the components. The excellent correlation between simulation and measurement for several clamshell prototypes validates the present design. Suppression of spurious harmonic frequencies has been demonstrated in Ku/K- bands, and testing of the components concerning PIM generation have been reported. Additionally, the applicability of the present filter configuration to the promising SLM AM technology has been investigated.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors wish to thank A. Tibaldi for the support in the customization of the SEM code.

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