6313

13. Describe the scheme of BIM technologies.

BIM Model

My glossary:

1.specifications - задание, технические требования

2.AutoCAD - программа [система проектирования] AutoCAD, система автоматизированного проектирования, САПР

3.draftsman – чертёжник, конструктор

4.scale – масштаб

5.general arrangement (GA) - компоновочный чертеж

6.three-dimensional – трёхмерный

7.supplier – поставщик

8.comprehensive – всесторонний, комплексный

9.eliminate – устранять

10.setup - настройка

Unit 8

ON THE BUILDING SITE

1. Match the following words for civil engineering tools and equipment with an

appropriate image:

2. Read the text and label the pictures with the words in bold in the text.

A tower crane is used to build tall buildings. Its short arm carries a counterweight of concrete blocks and its long arm carries lifting gear. The operator can sit in a cabin at the top of the tower just below the horizontal boom or control the crane by radio remote control from the ground. The lifting hook is controlled by a system of sheaves.

Digging machines are used for digging trenches for subterranean utility lines, storm sewers. etc. They use a vehicle (such as a front loader) and digging elements such as a bucket-style backhoe or a rotary digging one. The rotary digging instruments use a rotating structure that is rotated along an elongated path.

A concrete mixer (or cement mixer) mixes cement aggregate (such as cement or gravel) and water to form concrete. There are also portable concrete mixers for smaller volume work.

3. Read the text again and answer the questions.

1.What is a tower crane used for? How does it work?

2.Where can the operator sit?

3 .What are digging machines used for?

4 .What do the rotary digging instruments use?

5 .What does a concrete mixer do?

6. What is usually used for smaller volume work?

4. Find the words in the text for the following definitions.

1.a person who is employed to operate or control a machine;

2.a curved device used for catching or holding things;

3.narrow holes which are dug into the ground;

4.longer and narrower than is normal;

5.small enough to be easily carried or moved.

5. Match the safety signs with their meaning.

1.Danger high voltage

2.Harmful or irritating substances

3.Inflammable substances

4.Mandatory safety helmet

5.Protective footwear required

6.No unauthorised entry

7.Protective gloves required

8.Suspended loads

9.Wear safety harness.

6.Read the text and answer the questions below.

The improvement of safety, health and working conditions depends upon governments, managers, supervisors and workers. Construction and maintenance of safety facilities, installation of safety signs, testing of lifting machinery, emergency and evacuation plans must all follow precise safety procedures. The aim of all this is to avoid accidents and ill health by eliminating potential dangers. The materials, equipment and tools on the site should also meet some safety standards. The main safety measures involve:

Work platforms: every work platform must be provided with safe access and have enough strength to bear the load placed on it. It must also be secured to avoid separation from the supporting structure to which it is attached.

Scaffold stability: scaffolds must be assembled with the vertical members plumb and be secured to a building if their height is over 3 times their minimum base dimension. Their bases must have bearing plates resting on a solid surface and strong enough to support their weight.

Electrical hazards: a scaffold must be grounded if it is situated near a high voltage source.

1 .What do site safety procedures concern?

2.What should also meet some safety standards?

3.What is the main aim of these measures?

4.What must every work platform be provided with? Why must it also be secured?

5.How must scaffolds be assembled? What must their bases have?

6.When must a scaffold be grounded?

My Glossary

1. backhoe – экскаватор, обратная лопата

2.dump truck – самосвал

3.front loader / wheel loader – фронтальный погрузчик

4.cement truck – цементовоз

5.shovel - лопата, экскаватор

6.dredger – земснаряд

7.motor grader – автогрейдер

8.road roller – дорожный каток

9.earthmover - землеройная машина

10.counterweight – противовес; балласт

11.lifting gear - подъёмный механизм

12.boom – стрела

13.sheave – блок

14.trench – ров, котлован

15.subterranean utility lines – подземные коммуникации

16.storm sewer - ливнёвая канализация

17.suspended loads – подвешенные грузы

18.scaffold - строительные леса

GRAMMAR REVISION

Active Voice

Exercise 1. Use a proper Present Simple form of a main verb in brackets and put an

that these two keywords are viewed as related to each other by a search engine.

(sometimes, to relate, not to mean)

5.Knowing how to effectively target cousin keywords … ….. the difference between an unsuccessful blogger and a big-time affiliate marketer. (to make, often)

Exercise 2. Use the Simple Past Tense for the verbs in brackets at the end of each

sentence:

1.Two years ago, on 11 March 2011, in Japan the strongest earthquake accompanying by tsunami …... ( happen)

4.On 18 March 2013 in the evening a new accident caused by failure of cooling systems of spent nuclear fuel pools of Units 1, 3, 4 …. . (take place)

5.On 19 March the company ТЕРСО …. to put into run the cooling system of Unit 1. (manage)

6.Following the accident at the Fukushima NPP on 11 March 2011, the European

Exercise 3. Put verbs in brackets at the end of each sentence into correct tense:

1.Search Engine Optimization (SEO)….. to maximize pro fitable traffic from search engines to websites. (to aim)

6. Many sites …. on exchanging, buying, and selling li nks, often on a massive

scale.(to focus)

7. In 2007, Google ….. a campaign against paid links t hat transfer Page Rank. (to

announce)

8.Adding relevant keywords to a web page meta data …. . to increase traffic to the page. (to tend)

Exercise 4. Make questions beginning with given expressions in bold:

1. The success and popularity of a search engine is determined by its ability to produce the most relevant results to any given search. WHAT … BY ?

2.Search engines with more complex ranking algorithms, taking into account additional factors have been evolved. WHAT ALGORITHM …WITH?

3.The number calculated by the algorithm, has been named Page Rank after Larry Page. WHO … AFTER ?

4.In Google off-page factors as well as on-page factors are considered. WHAT

FACTORS …?

5.Webmasters had developed link building tools to influence search engine results. WHAT TOOLS…?

6.Google Instant, real-time-search, was introduced in late 2009 in an attempt to make search results more timely and relevant. WHEN …?

7.Site administrators have spent months or even years optimizing a website to increase search rankings. HOW MUCH TIME …?

8.A variety of methods can increase the prominence of a webpage within the search results. CAN …?

9.Cross linking between pages of the same website or blog may improve its visibility. MAY …?

10.Updating content keeping search engines crawling back frequently can give

additional weight to a site. CAN …?