3289
.pdf50
COMECON (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance) – Совет экономической взаимопомощи СЭВ
primary goods – сырьевые товары
to encourage – поощрять, стимулировать trade turnover – товарооборот
to make upсоставлять
commodities – товар (преимущественно биржевой или сырьевой) foreign currency – иностранная валюта
trading partnerships – торговые компании economic ties – экономические связи
heavily – сильно, интенсивно, в большой степени
to fall back on smb./smth. – прибегнуть к чему-либо, кому-либо uncompetitive - внеконкурентный
arms – вооружения
benefits – выгоды, выигрыш, привилегии value – величина, показатель
Exercise 1. Read the text again and decide whether these statements are true or false.
1. During the Soviet times, Russia did not trade with other nations.
1.The value of exports is growing faster than the value of imports.
2.Metals are Russia's largest export.
3.Many of Russia’s old trading partners cannot afford its prices any more.
4.Russia no longer trades with communist nations.
5.Weapons are Russia’s biggest export.
6.Economists believe that Russia needs to invest more in its manufacturing industries.
T / F T / F T / F
T / F T / F T / F
T / F
51
Exercise 2. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.
■arms |
|
■broke ties with |
|
|
|
||
|
■domestic consumption |
■fall back on |
■infrastructure |
|
|||
■open to |
■privileged elite |
■run down |
■Socialist Bloc |
|
|||
■the future holds |
■turnover |
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
||||
1. |
Factories become ………… if management don’t look afte |
r buildings and invest in |
|||||
|
new equipment. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
Nobody |
really knows |
what …………, but you |
s |
hould make plans anyway. |
||
3. |
Many countries make lots of money selling …………… lik |
e tanks and guns to |
|||||
|
foreign armies. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
In the West, the Communist countries of the USSR were called the ………………. |
||||||
5. |
When he left the company, he …………. all his old coll |
eagues. |
|||||
6. |
It’s good to have some savings to ……………. during har |
d times. |
|||||
7. |
The company was very …………… my proposal for a new |
range of products. |
|||||
8. |
Most of the wealth in modern industrial countries is owned by a small …………. |
||||||
9. |
Products |
for ………….. are only |
sold in the |
country where they are made. |
|||
10.The ……………. Means the roads, railways, power and com |
munication networks |
||||||
|
that industry needs. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.The ………….. of our new products has been very high a |
nd we have gained a good |
||||||
|
income from them. |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise 3. Complete the puzzle with words from the unit. Find out the highlighted
phrase.
|
1 |
|
|
|
V |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
M |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
U |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
E |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
5 |
|
F |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
6 |
N |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
G |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
D |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
M |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 P
1.Hopefully this will happen to the economy after a recession.
2.An amount of money that has been or must be paid. (the value of imports compared
to the value of exports is called the balance of ……..)
3. Managed by the government.
4. Money which one receives regularly, usually as payment for one’s work.
5.When the value of imports is greater than the value of exports, there is a trade
………
6. |
Goods such as food, clothing and equipment used at home or in everyday life |
7. |
The process or rate of growing and developing. |
8. |
People who lend money to companies so that they can grow. |
9. |
Articles for sale. |
10.Goods that are raw materials for industry, or other goods that are not processed. 11.……….inflation is very, very high inflation.
Exercise 4. Write your own definition for the highlighted word.
Exercise 5. Translate into English using words from the text.
В последние годы внешнеторговый товарооборот России растёт, при этом объемы экспорта по стоимости растут более быстрыми темпами, чем объёмы импорта.
53
Россия экспортирует сырьё: нефть, природный газ, древесину, металлы,
сталь, рыбу. На нефть и газ приходится около двух третей всего объёма российского экспорта.
Большая часть отраслей обрабатывающей промышленности неконкурентоспособна и полуразрушена, поэтому необходимо инвестировать
«нефтяные» деньги в инфраструктуру и капитал.
Exercise 6. Answer the following questions.
-How have the economic changes in Russia affected you and your family?
-Do you think life in Russia is better or worse than it was five years ago?
-Are you optimistic about the future?
Test. Units 4 – 6.
I. Complete the following sentences with the words from the box.
deposit |
advertising |
customer needs |
storing and lending |
|||
The four Ps |
|
investment |
exports |
|||
value |
liquidity |
marketing |
account |
orientation |
interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
In popular usage, the term “……………….” refers to the |
promotion of products, |
|
especially advertising and branding. |
|
2. |
‘………………..’ form the basis of the marketing mix. |
|
3. |
Promotion includes …………, sales promotion, publicit |
y, and personal selling, |
|
and refers to the various methods of promoting the product, brand or company. |
|
4. |
Most companies today have a consumer ………... This im |
plies that the company |
|
focuses its activities and products on …………... |
|
54
5. ……………….. refers to how easily money can |
circulate. |
6.There’s a problem with commodity money: not everyone may agree on the …… of the commodity, which is used as money.
7. |
Money |
in |
a bank |
savings ………….., ho |
wever, will earn interest. |
8. |
Apart |
from |
……………….. |
money, banks |
offer other financial services. |
9. |
Basically, banks make a living by charging ………. |
on loans. Of course, when you |
|
make a …………. into a bank savings account, |
the bank pays you interest on that |
|
|
money. |
|
|
10. |
………….. from abroad was not encouraged because the g |
overnment wanted full |
|
|
control of production and prices |
|
|
11. |
In fact, energy resources make up over two thirds of Russia’s ………... |
||
II. |
Make up questions. |
|
|
1.is / what / based / on / the value?
2.calculated / how / inflation / is / rate / the?
3.money / can / for / long / how / the / be / bank / kept / at the?
4.reduced / tax / can / be / the?
5.by / can / be / average / income / families / regulated / the / government?
6.the / start / when / sale / is / expected / to?
7.taken / should / what / risk / measures / be / minimize / economic / to?
III. |
Complete the sentences using the |
correct |
passive form of the verbs |
|
in brackets. |
|
|
1. |
Top managers ……… by a company’s board of director |
s. (appoint and supervise |
|
|
and dismiss) |
|
|
2. |
Marketing methods …….. by many of the social |
sciences. (use) |
|
3. |
Products for domestic consumption only ……. |
in |
the country where they are |
|
made. (sell) |
|
|
|
55 |
|
4. |
A small amount of the total savings ……… by t |
he bank so that customers can |
|
make withdrawals. (keep) |
|
5. |
Products often ……… to meet the desires of gro |
ups of customers. (develop). |
IV. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions from the box.
to |
of |
in |
into(2) |
by(2) |
with |
for |
on(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
McCarthy divided marketing ……… four general sets of |
activities. |
|
|||||
2. |
Many firms, such as research and development focused companies, successfully |
|||||||
|
focus ………. product innovation. |
|
|
|
|
|
||
3. |
The term “marketing” refers …. the promotion of pro |
ducts, especially advertising |
||||||
|
and branding |
|
|
|
|
|
||
4. |
The |
mix |
of the Four Ps must |
reflect purchasing power ……… |
the |
|||
|
consumers…….. |
the target market. |
|
|
|
|
||
5. |
Two hundred of people are employed ……….. |
our |
company. |
|
||||
6. |
Shortages ………… simple things like |
shoes |
were |
common. |
|
|||
7. |
The company is run …….. three brothers. |
|
|
|
||||
8. |
The |
prices |
are specified |
…….. the |
V AT account |
|
|
|
9. |
Basically, banks make a living by charging interest |
………. loans. Of course, |
||||||
|
when you |
make a deposit |
…… |
a bank savings account, the bank pays you |
||||
|
interest …….. that money. |
|
|
|
|
|
56
Информационно-методическое обеспечение дисциплины:
1.Y. Mackenzie. English for Business Studies. CUP, 1999.
2.Understanding Consumer Behavior. Peter and Olson, 1994.
3.И.П. Агабекян, П.И. Коваленко, Ю.А. Кудряшова. Английский язык для экономистов: учеб. Пособие. – М.: Проспект, 2010.
4.Sheila Dignen and Brigit Viney. Grammar Practice for Intermediate Students. (Third edition). Published by Pearson Longman, 2007
5.Michael Vince. Intermediate Language Practice English Grammar and Vocabulary. Published by Macmillan, 2003
6. |
Raymond Murphy. English in use. Cambridge University Press. 2007 |
|
7. |
Голицынский |
Ю. Б. Грамматика: сборник упражнений. СПб: КАРО 2001 |
8. |
Саакян А.С. |
«Exercises in Modern English Grammar”, Айрис-Пресс, 2006 |
57
Грознова Анастасия Юрьевна
Киселёва Елена Викторовна
ENGLISH FOR ECONOMISTS
Учебно-методическое пособие
по подготовке к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» для обучающихся по направлению подготовки 38.03.01 Экономика, профиль Бухгалтерский учет, анализ и аудит
заочная форма обучения
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Нижегородский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет»
603950, Нижний Новгород, ул. Ильинская, 65. http://www. nngasu.ru, srec@nngasu.ru