Upstream_B2+_Teacher's Book_2nd Year

b.Suggested Answer Key

A:Or maybe wecould justgeta cheap charter flight.

B:Wouldyouliketogotoaremotearea/amountainvillage?

A:Oh, I don’t know. I rather fancy a seaside resort or a tropicalisland.

B:Would you like to take the car? You can get to lots of placesnow by car ferry.

A:It’sa niceidea,but it’s veryslow, isn’t it?

B:Yes, but it’s relaxing. Still, going by plane is probably the best.

A:Yes, just imagine sitting in the departure lounge, admiring our traveller’s cheques!

B:I can’twait!

2Suggested Answer Key

A Dead-end straightahead. B Level crossingahead.

C Youare abouttojoin amotorway. D End ofmotorway.

E Road narrowsfrom threelanes to two. F Youarecoming toadiversion.

3Suggested Answer Key

1 en-route tothe airport.

2 we had just got going.

3 govia the old town.

4 wastimeto board the plane.

5 we reached the port onehourlate.

b.Suggested Answer Key

1, 5 and 6 could be seen at an airport; 2 could be seen at a railway station; 3 could be seen outside a hotel; 4 could be seen ona motorway.

5 Answer Key

6Answer Key

1 Wewereheldupattheairportsowemissedourflightconnection. 2 IsawheroffatthebusstationfirstandthenIdidmyshopping. 3 We decided to set off bright and early to avoid the rush hour

traffic.

4 Thehikersheadedforthenearestvillage,asitwasgettingdark. 5 As theplanetookoff, Isuddenly felt afraid.

6 The vandriversloweddown ashe reachedthetowncentre.

8Suggested Answer Key

1 Thecampsitemust becheap.

2 The campsitemustbe farfrom civilization. 3 Thevillacan’t beinthe middleofthe forest. 4 The villacould bevery peaceful.

5 Thehotel mustbe fullof tourists in August. 6 Thecampsitemaybe very noisy atnight.

7 The campsitecould beratheruncomfortable.

8 The hotelmustbenice and cool inside.

9Answer Key

1 mustbehome

2 oughttovisityour grandparents

3 should notforgettotake

4 could notgiveus

5 don’thavetogive

6 can’tbe

7 shouldgetmyletterin

8 askedifthey could

9 maybeverycloseto

10 should not have aproblem/should have no problem

4must

16 a. Answer Key

Magicalwaterswhichwork wonders

b. (Ss’ ownanswers)

19a./b./c./d. See Tapescript Section– Unit6,Ex.19 e. Suggested Answer Key

ñuses modalverbs toexpress probability/possibility A

ñcovers the firstpart ofthetaskonly B

ñuseslinking devices A

20a. Suggested Answer Key

In both dialogues someone is making a reservation over the phone. In the first dialogue someone is booking a table at a restaurant while in the second one someone is making a hotel reservation.

b.Suggested Answer Key

A:Hello.TheJasmine.

B:Hello.I’dliketobookatableforfourforThursdayevening.

A:Thursday? What time?

B:Well,around 7:30.

A:Smokingornon-smoking?

B:Non-smoking.

A:Hmmm, I can give you a table for 8:15. That’s the nearest we have.

B:8:15? Mmmm ...right,I’ll takeit.

A:Andyourname,Madam?

B:Swanson.S-W-A-N-S-O-N.

A:Good morning. Grand Hotel.

B:Good morning. I’d like to make a reservation for next weekend.Atwin room.

A:Whichdates, Sir?

B:Thetwelfth to the thirteenth.That’stwonights.

A:Just letmecheck... yes, wehave a room forthese nights.

B:Good.Has it got abath and a television?

A:Yes.

B:That’sfine, then. Howmuch willit be?

A:One hundred and forty pounds, including breakfast. Could you give me your name and credit card details, please?

b.Suggested Answer Key

Allof the techniqueshave been used apartfrom the last one.

ñusing your senses (e.g. "I could hear the gentle sound of thewavesand smell the saltin thebeautifulclearair.")

ñusingdirectspeech(e.g."Comeon,Harry!","Weshouldget going.")

ñasking a rhetorical question (e.g. "How could anything possibly go wrong?")

ñaddressing the reader directly (e.g. "Well, what you are aboutto read...")

ñreferring to your feelings/moods (e.g. "I was feeling on top oftheworld!")

c.Suggested Answer Key

It is interesting because the writer rouses the reader’s curiosity of what could possibly go wrong in an ideal situation like the one described.

(Ss’ ownanswers)

22 a. Suggested Answer Key

The story will be a 3rd person narrative about someone who is on holiday in an idyllic place and possibly something exciting orunexpected happens.

b.Suggested Answer Key

Stephen looked at the palm trees and let out a deep sigh of happiness. He gripped his surfboard more tightly and ran to join his friends on the smooth yellow sand. He blinked in the bright sunshine. There was nobody swimming in the blue sea, probably because of the incredible waves, which were just right for surfing! Here he was, finally, in Hawaii! Was it any wonder that he felt so excited? Suddenly, without any warning, they all heard a loud, roaring noise in the distance. They all looked at each other. "What was that?" said Harold, laughingnervously.

4after

25 a. Answer Key

b.Answer Key

The following techniques have beenused:

ñusing your senses (e.g. "When that huge black shape loomedout ofthe darkness…")

ñreferring to feelings/moods (e.g. "We were too exhausted tosay anything.")

ñdescribing people’s reactions to the events developed in the story (e.g."We werebothvery lucky...")

ñusing direct speech (e.g. "Well, all Icansayis this ...")

Ending C makes no use of any of the writing techniques mentioned.

Suggested ending:

He was on the same road, sitting on the ground. He could see his bicycle a little distance away. Where on earth had he been? When he checked his rucksack, he was relieved to see that his money and his passport were still there and that nothing had beentaken."HowdidIgetbackhere?"hethought."Didallthat really happen, orwasit justadream?"

26Suggested Answer Key

A I was finally in Africa, on my dream holiday! The rest of our group were on a day-trip to Nairobi, but I had decided to do some exploring on my own. I had been warned not to wander too far away from our accommodation, but the scenery was so beautiful, I lost all sense of time. I found myself in a large sandy area surrounded by trees. I stopped. I could smell smoke and could hear the rhythmic beating of drums. Suddenly, a mancarryinga spear appeared frombehind a tree.

What can I say? It was an amazing experience! Nabu and the rest of his tribe made me feel so welcome and had given me a present of a wooden spear. I felt very privileged to have seen their way of life and I think they enjoyed meeting me, too. "The others will never believe me!" I thought. Perhaps the wooden spearwouldconvincethem.

BItwasearlyeveningonthefirstdayofourholidayinBermuda. StanandIweretakingawalkalongthedesertedbeachbeside oursmallhotel.Wecouldsmelltheperfumeofthestrangeand beautifulflowersandhearthecriesoftheseabirdswhichwere dark shadows now in the evening sky. It was very peaceful. "Hey! What’s that?" Stan said suddenly, "Surely it can’t be a message inabottle?"

We smiled at each other. What would our holiday have been like if we hadn’t seen that bottle half-buried in the sand on our first day? It wasn’t from a prisoner in a castle or somebody shipwrecked on a desert island, but it had led us to the very strange story of Mona, who had lived on the island over a hundred years ago. She was long dead, but at least now her children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren knew what had happened to her and why she had disappeared like that, withoutatrace.

27 a. Suggested Answer Key

“A trip I’ll never forget”

ñGroup atairport/veryelderly/healthfreaks/vegetarians

ñFelt terrible/package deal/last minute/travel agent hadn’t told me

ñDecidedtomake the best ofterriblesituation

ñEcological health farm/Italy/wonderful scenery/amazing food

ñGreatpeople/felt betterand better/hada greattime

ñBecameavegetarian/holiday changedmylife

b.Suggested Answer Key “A Lucky Escape”

ñHoliday/Australia/camping outinthe bush

ñGreatstart/happygroup/hillwalking/sightseeing/ barbeques

ñOnenight/camebacklatetocampsite/ithadbeenburned to the ground

ñFeltsick/miserable/depressed/ frightened

ñNext day/police/examinedeverything/couldn’t domuch

ñCheered up/had money and passport/lost belongings/still alive

(Ss’ownanswers)

Unit 7

3conquer

10 Suggested Answer Key

ñA: Ineedn’thave takenthe carto theairport.

B:Why?

A: Becausewe could have gonein Tom’s car.

A:Ididn’tneedto takethecartotheairport.

B:Why?

A: Well,Tom cameand pickedusup.

ñA: I needn’thavebooked tickets for theconcert.

B: Why?

A:Well, I could have bought them on the spot; there were plentyof seats.

A:I didn’tneed to book ticketsforthe concert.

B:Why?

A:Sally gave me hersbecause theycouldn’tmake it.

ñA: I needn’thaveleft earlyforthe appointment.

B:Why?

A: Because the client wasanhour latehimself.

A:I didn’tneed to leave earlyfor the appointment.

B:Why?

A: Because the client called andtold me he wouldbe late.

11Answer Key

1 should have told me

2 sure they didn’tknow

3 can’t have recognised me

4 a pityhedidn’t

5 couldn’t/can’t have chosen

6 mighthavebeendelayed

7 needn’thave liedabout

8 musthave foundthe cure

9 chance theyhavenotunderstood

10 didn’tneed to take

4could

4luxurious

17a. (Ss’ownanswers)

b.Sentences 2and 4 are true.

c.Answer Key

e.Suggested Answer Key

A:Whoinvented thePennyFarthing?

B:JamesStarleyinvented it.

A:Where didthe name"Penny Farthing"comefrom?

B:It came from coins in an old British currency. etc

18 a. Suggested Answer Key

Key words:

1 interviewer, few historical figures, nicknames

2 nicknames,differentreasons,now

3everybody hated

4 interviewer, never heardof

5Danish surname

6 nicknames, French Kings,appearance

7 Caligula, got,nickname, child

b.Answer Key

19a./b. SeeTapescriptSection - Unit7,Ex. 19 c. Suggested Answer Key

ñfailsto develop answers B

ñtries to reach a conclusion toosoon B

ñrepeatstheothercandidate’sideasusingthesamewordsB

ñends theconversationin asuitable wayA

20a. Suggested Answer Key

b.Answers Key

The first group of phrases can be used to spread rumours and the second to respondtothem.

c.Suggested Answer Key

A:I heard the other day that Mrs. Green’s daughter is going to marrya Hollywoodfilmstar.

B:Who’d have thought it?

A:Ihearditfrom a reliable source.

B:Well, there’s nosmoke withoutfire.

A:Rumour has it that the government is going to give every citizen agiftof fivehundredpounds.

B:Are youserious?

A:Well,Ihaveiton good authority.

B:It hardly seemspossible!

22Answer Key

1 She sighed wearily as she…

2 Thefansroared loudly when…

3 There wasnothing theycoulddobut wait patiently until… 4 From the balcony you could hear the evening breeze blowing

gently through…

5 Jim crept silently into…

6 The fire raged through the building until the firemen finally brought it…

23Answer Key

amazed, happy, exhausted,miserable,confident, depressed

Suggested Answer Key

1 I was amazed to learn that the man she introduced us to was

the ownerof thecompany.

2You can’t imagine how happy I was when I heard that she had a baby.

3After walking all morning in this sweltering weather, I came

backhomecompletely exhausted.

4 Mylittlebrotherhasbeenreallymiserablesinceourdogranaway.

5She was confident that she would pass the exam, as she was

well-prepared.

6This dull weathermakesmefeeldepressed.

24 Suggested Answer Key

It was early in the evening. My flatmate and I had just sat down to dinner, very tired after work, when we suddenly heard sirens. Curious to see what had happened, we rushed out to the balcony.Suddenly,wesawflamesfromtheapartmentblockacross the street. We wereterrified!

Staring at the flames brought back to me the memory of a huge fire in our office block three years ago. On hearing the fire alarm, everyone had rushed outside through the fire exits. While we were all waiting for the fire brigade, we suddenly saw a colleague banging frantically on the third floor window. He had obviously been trapped in the flames and was terribly frightened. When the firemen finally came, we were worried that it was too late. We could hear loud screams as the firemen were fighting the blaze. When we had started to think that all was lost, we were amazed to see that two fireman had rescued him from the blazing building.

Fortunately this time the fire brigade came quickly. The firemen soon managed to put the fire out. We were very concerned and were relieved to hear that nobody was injured. Then we felt morerelaxedandwereable to sitdown and have our dinner.

25Answer Key

3 Shocked, she cried for hours.

4 Screamingloudly, theyranout oftheroom.

5 Injured,shewenttohospital.

6 Pretending to bequalified, hegot thejob.

7 Relieved,he caughtthelast train.

8 Seeinga largeblackrat, theywereterrified.

26a./b. Answer Key

27 Suggested Answer Key

1complained

2suggestedthat theygo

3had invited themtotheir 20th…

4explained

5insistedthattheygo

6reminded

7 accused himof exaggerating

8 threatenedto

9admitted to

28 a. Suggested Answers

I can see the sunset/ the sun shining on the sea/ the shadows onthesand.

Icanhearthenoiseofthesea/thesoundofourfeetonthesand. Ican feel the sand between mytoes/thesea breeze.

Ican smellthesalt in the air/thewarm sand. Ican tastethesaltonmylips.

b.Sentences 1, 2,5and 7.

c.Suggested Answer Key

Sandra, Charles and little David heard the repeated cry of one lonelyseagull.Theycouldseetheyellowraysofthesettingsun reflected in the still sea. As they ran along the beach, they could feel the warm sun on their backs, and they could smell the hot sand and the glistening seaweed. Sarah suggested thattheyhaveadeliciouspicniconthebeachinsteadofgoing home for dinner and Charles agreed that this was a marvellous idea. When David complained that there would be big mosquitoes, Sarah explained patiently that mosquitoes don’tlikethesea.

29Suggested Answer Key

ñThe beginning and ending of Model B is written in a more appropriate style than Model A, as it makes use of narrative techniques such as rhetorical questions (e.g. "What could I do?") and direct speech (e.g. "You haven’t seen my reading glasses anywhere, have you?") which make it more direct and interesting for the reader. Also, the description in Model B is moredetailed(e.g."Ipickedupmyglassesfromthehalltable") and vivid, with the use of adjectives and adverbs (e.g. "ideal time", "quicklyleft", "Suddenly very relieved…").

ñModel B uses a wider variety of tenses than Model A (e.g. past continuous, past simple, past perfect, present perfect, present simple)whichmainly usespastsimpleinshort sentences.

ñModel A uses simplistic adjectives and adverbs (e.g. "very surprised", "nice colours", "really liked", "happy", "afraid"), while Model B makes more interesting use of adverbs and adjectives (e.g. "quickly left", "suddenly, the horse’s legs…", "odd", "previously", "cheerful", "shaken").

ñApart from the use of direct speech and rhetorical questions alreadymentioned,ModelBmakesuseoflinkingwords(Itwas odd, though, because previously…") and a variety of structures including subordinate sentences and participles (e.g. I was admiring the colours when, suddenly, the horse’s legs…", ‘Putting on my glasses, I went over…" "Shaken, I went home" etc)

30Suggested Answer Key

A ñ Julie and Frank/reached destination/couldn’t believe what had happened

ñLand completely flat/no mountains/no lakes/nobody in sight

ñSureyoufollowedmap?/yes,completelysure/verycareful/ can’tbe right place/whathashappened?

ñChecked map/had taken correct route/ where mountains?/wherelakes?/wherebeautifulscenery?

ñNight was falling/ suddenly saw man riding pony/asked where they were

ñDiscovered they had mistaken the place name/"Volino"/ not "Volina"

ñEventuallyrightroad/verylate/tiredbuthappyandrelieved

Bñ Early morning/Helen and George/ arrived remote Indian village/hiking

ñFound simple accommodation/wash/put on strong mosquitorepellant

ñFood and water/set out/day’s hillwalking/deep forest/ butterflies/beautiful flowers

ñLarge numbers butterflies following them/different colours/different sizes/couldn’t understand what was happening/ wouldn’t go away/stayed with them all day/ noproblem/butvery strange

ñLater in the day/ other strange flying insects/couldn’t get rid of them/worst of all, in the evening, mosquitoes/ swarms ofthem/bigproblem

ñBack to the village/realised they had sprayed Helen’s hair spray/ not mosquito repellant/laughed a lot/won’t forget thisday ina hurry

Unit 8

1a. Suggested Answer Key

A:What about careers counselling?

B:Well,no,we’veneverhadthatinourschool.

A:Whatabout foreignlanguages?

B:Oh yes, we’ve always had theminour school. etc b. Answer Key

4Careerscounselling

2Answer Key

A:The microscope shouldn’tbeinthe computer lab!

B:No! It shouldbein the science lab!

A:The cutleryshouldn’tbe in the sciencelab!

B:No! It shouldbein the canteen!

A:The pianoshouldn’t bein the canteen!

B:No!Itshould bein the music room!

3 a. Suggested Answer Key

B:Right. Then we have primary education. That’s for younger children,Isuppose.

A:Yes. And secondary educationforolderchildren.

B:Mmm, then there’sboarding and non-boarding.

A:I thinkaboarding school isa school you live in.

B:Yes, and yougohome forthe holidays, orthe weekends.

b.Answer Key

(Ss’own answers)

b.Suggested Answer Key

A:What’sAndrew’sphone number?

B:I don’t know.Lookitup inthetelephonedirectory.

A:You didn’tdoverywell inthebicyclerace!

B:No, Icouldn’t keepupwith theothersat all!

A:We’vea lot to reviseforthe History exam,haven’twe?

B:Mmm,I’m goingtogooverit allagaintonight.

A:You’ve misseda lot ofthatTVserial, haven’tyou?

B:Yes,butI’msureI’llcatchup with everythingsoon.

9Suggested Answer Key

A:I needtogetthisfilm developed by6 o’clock.

B:Youcould go toDixon’s. I alwaysgetmine developed there.

A:I shouldhavethe tyresof my bikechanged.

B:YoucangotoJimmy’s.Ihadmybike repaired there lastweek.

A:Weneedto get a cake made for Anna’sbirthday.

B:Why don’t you go to A Piece of Cake? I had a cake made there for my graduationparty and itwasreally delicious.

A:We could have the living room painted by Wilson’s Home Decorating.

B:Yes, they do a great job! I had my bedroom redecorated by them last month.

10Answer Key

1 isconsideredtobe the

2 amusedby thestudent’s

3 uniformsmust beworn by

4 wasopenedby the

5 werefrightened bythemonster

6 willbe takenby

7 waswrittenby

8 willhavemyhousepainted

9 notworth calling her

10 prevented us fromgoing

16a. (Ss’own answers)

b.Suggested Answers Key

ñencourage parents to take part in school life (parents, family)

ñis surrounded bygreenery (beautiful greenarea)

ñis particularlysuitablefor talentedchildren(gifted)

ñhasa systemwhere each student … (personal tutors)

c.Answer Key

d.Answer Key

Iwouldrecommend eitherBreakspearor Deansfield.

18 a./b./c./d. See TapescriptSectionUnit 8, Ex. 18

e.Suggested Answer Key

Student B uses natural hesitation: I’m not sure, I suppose, It depends.

19 a. Answer Key

In dialogue 1 Speaker B is expressing certainty while in dialogue2he/she isexpressing doubt.

b.Suggested Answer Key

1 A: Do you think our country will get a medal in the next Olympic Games?

B:Definitely.I’dputallmymoneyonit!Ourweightlifting

team is one of the best in the world. We also have somegreatathletesintrackandfieldandgymnastics.

A:I hope you’reright.

B:Trustme!

2A: They said the local sports club will extend its opening hours for thesummer.

B:Well, I’m not sure. It doesn’t look like it. There’s not enough staffto do that.

A:I hope you’rewrong.

B:So doI! ButIwouldn’tput all my money onit!

3A: I heard that Vanessa Williams may take part in the nextnationalsongcontest.Do youthink she will?

B:No doubt about it. I saw an interview on TV last night

andshesaid she’salready decided on a song.

A:I hope you’reright.

B:Trustme!

4A: Do youthink Mr Adams will giveus a testtomorrow?

B:I doubt it. It’s still too early for a test and we haven’t

had anytime forrevision.

A:I hope you’reright.

B:Trustme!

b.Answer Key

1 I am in favour of the plan to build a new grammar school inourarea.

2To my mind, the government’s decision to introduce new examsin secondary school was completely wrong.

3I believe that the council will reconsider its decision to demolish the old townhall.

4The way I see it, everyone should get a secondary education nowadays.

5In my opinion, encouraging sports at school is good for everyone.

6As far as I’m concerned, all children should learn about

computers.

7I strongly agree with the suggestion to build a swimming poolin our area.

8It seems to me that there are some drawbacks to starting schoolat 8.00 am.

b.Suggested Answer Key

2 The woodwork teacher always spoke very quietly. As a result, many students did the wrong thing and ended up with strange-looking coffeetables.

3 Some students found the theory part of Music Appreciation a little dull. However, they enjoyed listening totherecordingsandgoing toconcerts.

4 Everyone found that World Politics was absolutely fascinating. Therefore, it was by far the most popular optionalsubject.

5 We all felt that the Japanese teacher should go much moreslowly,becausestudentscouldnotunderstandwhat shewas saying.

6 A lot of people thought that Nature Studies was badly organized. For example, we never knew what time the field tripsweresupposedto start.

23 Answer Key

Suggested Answer Key

2However, having an 24-hour grocery market would also have a number ofbenefitsfor local residents.

24 Answer Key

25Suggested Answer Key

1 I am of the opinion that small animals should be allowed on local buses and taxis. If they are in a proper animal carrier, I really do not see what harm they can do to anyone. People who want to travel with their animal will always be very careful with them. After all, which causes more noise and disruption: three youngchildren orasmalldogin a carrier?

2Extending café opening hours will cause a lot of extra problems for residents. There will be more noise much later in the evening. The young people, especially, are extremely noisy when they leave the cafés: they laugh and sing and play loud music. Sometimes they also throw sweet papers and cigarette buttsintopeople’sgardens.Wewouldrathernothavetoclean up after these peopleevery morning.

3Stopping Sunday buses will have a number of advantages. One advantage is that the bus drivers will be able to relax with their families on a Sunday, just like everyone else. This is also true for the people who work in the bus station. Another advantage is that there will be a lot less traffic on our roads and Sundaywill bea quiet,peaceful day ofrest for everyone.

26Answer Key

1 thesourceof muchdisagreement(formal)

2 Itlookslikethe first thing Ineed to do(informal) 3 numerous instances(formal)

4 strongly disagreewith (formal)

5 feel very strongly(formal)

27Suggested Answer Key

A I am writing with regard to the decision to stop the school bus service. I strongly disagree with this decision , as a large number of children use this service. Without this service, how will all these children get to school? I would strongly advise youto reconsider yourdecision.

B The plan to plant 1,000 trees in our area is very welcome. I am totally in favour of this idea. It will greatly improve the appearance of our town. As well as providing much-needed greenery, the trees will give protection in the winter and shade inthesummer.Isincerelyhopethatthisplanwillbecarriedout soon.

C I am writing in connection with your decision to close the school canteen. I wish to express my disapproval. Obviously, this decision will cause many problems as the children will have to bring packed lunches. Their mothers will have to preparethese lunches forthem,whichtakes up alotof time.

28Suggested Answer Key

Añ Second-hand clothes shop/ bestidea

ñMany retiredpeople in this area/ enjoy browsing in shops

ñArea quitewealthy/ ensure highquality clothing

ñRetiredpeoplewillingtoworkinshopwithoutpayment/an interest/somethingdifferenttodo/meettheirfriendsthere

ñAdvantages to bakery/ no bakery in town/ people would go there

ñClothes shop best/ less trouble/ no waste/ charge more money

Bñ Feel very strongly/ arts subjectscertainlyofuse

ñArguments of people who think the opposite: not practical/ can’t earn money from poetry and literature/ whatis important isbusiness, computers, etc.

ñSome truth in this, but/ many careers, e.g. teaching, work in museums, etc.

ñArtssubjectshelpdevelopthewholeperson/theimagination

ñFree time/ people don’t want to think about business, computers, "practical" things/ notrelaxing

ñEveryone should realise/ place for both arts and science subjects

Unit 9

1 a. Answer Key

A spray chemicalpesticides

B hunt endangered species

C dump rubbish

D felltrees

E produce nuclearpower

Fthrowlitter

b.Suggested Answer Key

ñ A: I was reading an article the other day about how manychemicalpesticidesarebeingsprayedoncrops.

B:Yes, I know.It’s really terrible. They contaminatefood.

ñA: I was reading an article the other day about how many endangered speciesarebeinghunted.

B:Yes,Iknow.It’sreallyterrible.Itcausesanimalextinction.

ñA: I was reading an article the other day about how much rubbishis being dumped.

B:Yes,Iknow.It’sreallyterrible.Itpollutestheenvironment.

ñA: I was reading an article the other day about how many trees are beingfelled.

B:Yes,I know. It’sreally terrible. It causes deforestation.

ñA: I was reading an article the other day about how much litteris beingthrownon the streets.

B:Yes,I know. It’sreally terrible. It encourages disease.

3engineered

Suggested Answer Key

1 Yes, itdoes! It savesa lot oftheEarth’s resources.

2 Really?I didn’tknowthat. That’s awful.

3 You’re probablyright. They’refartoo big.

4 That’swhat I thought, too.

5Oh,that’ssoirresponsible!

6Goodforyou! They’remoreexpensive, though.

7That’s probably because there is not much demand for them yet.

8Answer Key

2 A: I wish people would use alternative sources of energy more.

B:Yes, if they did that, it would save a lot of the earth’s resources.

3A: I wishpeoplewoulduseozone - friendly products.

B:Yes, if they did that, there wouldn’t be this hole in the ozone layer.

4A: Iwishpeople wouldcut down fewer trees!

B:Yes, if they did that, a lot of the earth’s forests would be saved.

4hopefully

15 a. Suggested Answer Key

Ss may not know what the word bog means. However, they can infer from the title that the text will be about the environment with reference to Ireland. They might also guess that bogs are connected with the ecosystem, which is important for theenvironment (‘contribution’).

Both words are frequently mentioned in the text. They are most frequently used in the second paragraph, where the writer explainswhat theterms “bog” and“peat” mean.

b.Suggested Answer Key

We can see a flat place with small hills and pools of water. We can also see different kinds of plants growing. It probably smells quite damp. Maybe it smells like rotting leaves, but it probably doesn’t smell bad. It feels like walking on a giant sponge: our feet go down, then come up again. Our footsteps make watery sounds. Maybe also the sounds are like walking onanold woodenfloor.

c.Answer Key

d.Suggested Answer Key

Information to beused:

ñSphagnum moss (different colours)

ñCarnivorousplant(s)

ñGorse

ñHeather

ñBog cotton

ñcranberry flowers andcranberries

ñred deer (having a bath?)

ñotters

ñbadgers

ñ"jewel" beetles

ñdragonflies

ñground-nestingbirds e. (Ss’ownwork)

16 a. Suggested Answer Key

planting trees: garden, branch(es),shade, grow, seeds, forest using the car less: walk, on foot, drive, habit, public transport, bus

organic farming: pesticides, natural, produce, products, environment

saving energy: turnon/off,lights,heating,electricity,use(less) adopting a wild animal: save, help,takecareof, money, pet changing to solarpower:cheap,sun,save,heat / hot

c.Suggested Answer Key

A:Why don’tyou use the car less?It’sreallyworthwhile.

B:Oh, I never gaveitmuch thought …

A: I think you should.It willhelpreduce pollution.

A:Whydon’tyouchange to organicfarming?

B:Oh, I never gaveit muchthought…

A:I think you should. It’smuch kindertothe environment.

A:Why don’t youmake an efforttosave energy?

B:Oh, I never gaveit muchthought…

A:Ithinkyoushould.Itwilleventuallymakeadifference,you know.

A:Whydon’tyouadoptawild animal?

B:Oh, I never gaveit muchthought…

A:I think you should. You will be helping an endangered species.

A:Why don’t youchangetosolar power?

B:Oh, I never gaveit muchthought.

A: Ithinkyoushould.It’sacompletelynaturalformofenergy.

17 a./b. SeeTapescript Section – Unit 9,Ex. 17

c. Answer key

ñasks the examiner to repeat the instructions in an appropriate wayA

ñmakesexcessive use oflinkers B

18a. Answer Key

ñmakes a suggestion A ("Howwould you feel about …?")

ñexpresses reservations B ("Oh, I don’t know…", "Oh, it’s not mykind of thing really")

ñtries to persuade the other to do something A ("Why don’t you give itatry?", "Try it!Youmightbe surprised!")

b.Suggested answer

A: Would you be interested in coming on a "Save the Whales!"demonstration?

B: Well,I’mnotsure…

A:Wouldn’tyou like to giveit a go?

B:I’m not sureifI’d enjoy it…

A:Comealongand seewhat it’slike! c. Suggested answers

A:Have you ever thought of sponsoring a wild animal on an Africangame reserve?

B:Well, Inever gaveitmuch thought, really…

A:Why don’tyougive itatry?

B:Oh, Idon’t know …

A: You’llnever knowuntilyou try it!

A:Did you ever consider becoming a Young Member of the Green Party?

B:Well, Ineverreally thought about it …

A:Wouldn’tyou like to give itago?

B:It’snotreally thekindof thingI’mgoodat …

A:Oh goon! You mightenjoy it!

A:How would you feel about helping clean up the beaches around the coast?

B:Oh, I don’t know ifit’smykind ofthing…

A:Try itonce and see whatyouthink!

B:I’m not sureifI’d enjoy it…

A: Ohcome on! Itmightbe differenttowhat youthink!

19 a. Answer Key

b.Suggested answers

1 Edgar Allan Poe’s Tales of Mystery and Imagination is only

forthosewholove thesupernatural.

2It is a book full of terrifying stories (which are) about murder,death and the power ofthe imagination.

3This is a frightening book, which will have you looking under thebedbefore youget into it!

c.Suggested answers

1 This ispartof a filmreview.

A Fish called Wanda is full of eccentric and obsessive people whose lives are ruled by great passions. The film features both British and American stars, whose marvellous performance guaranteesyourenjoyment.Thedirector,CharlesCrichton,isa veteran of Ealing Studios in London, (which is) the world’s oldestfilmstudio.

2 Thisis partof aCDreview.

The Best of Leonard Cohen features songs from his early career, which are still as fresh and meaningful today as they were forty years ago. The earlier songs, like Suzanne and Bird on a Wire, are in the style of traditional folk ballads, whose literary quality was highly unusual at the time, and still is today. Famous Blue Raincoat and Last Year’s Man are songs from the 70s whose emotional lyrics and black humour signal the eternaloriginalityof thisartist.